When a diagnostic test is reported as normal, the clinician generally uses it only to rule out certain diseases. However, if properly interpreted, the normal value may help to differentiate among diagnoses that yield normal results with different frequencies. A simple method permits the extraction of such information. The physician estimates the probability of various diagnoses and then combines these estimates with the anticipated frequency of negative results for each disease under consideration.
This article has been cited by other articles:
Gazelle, G. S., McMahon, P. M., Siebert, U., Beinfeld, M. T.
(2005). Cost-effectiveness Analysis in the Assessment of Diagnostic Imaging Technologies. Radiology
235: 361-370
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hobby, J. L., Dixon, A. K., Bearcroft, P. W. P., Tom, B. D. M., Lomas, D. J., Rushton, N., Matthewson, M. H.
(2001). MR Imaging of the Wrist: Effect on Clinical Diagnosis and Patient Care. Radiology
220: 589-593
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kim, M. H., Eagle, K. A., Isselbacher, E. M.
(1999). Bayesian Persuasion. Circulation
100
: e68-e72
[Full Text]
Wong, J. B., Compton, C. C.
(1998). Case 24-1998- A 76-Year-Old Woman with Cardiac and Renal Failure and Gastrointestinal Bleeding. NEJM
339: 329-337
[Full Text]
BERNSTEIN, J.
(1997). Current Concepts Review - Decision Analysis. JBJS
79: 1404-14
[Full Text]
Castro, F., Caccamo, L. P., Carter, K. J., Erickson, B. A., Johnson, W., Kessler, E., Ritchey, N. P., Ruiz, C. A.
(1996). Sequential Test Selection in the Analysis of Abdominal Pain. Med Decis Making
16: 178-183
[Abstract]
Pauker, S. G., Kopelman, R. I.
(1993). Hunting for the Cause: How Far to Go. NEJM
328: 1621-1624
[Full Text]
Singal, B. M., Hedges, J. R., Succop, P. A.
(1992). Efficacy of the Stat Serum Electrolyte Panel in the Management of Older Emergency Patients. Med Decis Making
12: 52-59
[Abstract]
Dawson, N. V., Cebul, R. D.
(1990). Advances in Quantitative Techniques for Making Medical Decisions: The Last Decade. Eval Health Prof
13: 37-62
[Abstract]
Christensen-Szalanski, J. J. J., Bushyhead, J. B.
(1983). Physicians' Misunderstanding of Normal Findings. Med Decis Making
3: 169-175
Wallsten, T. S.
(1981). Physician and Medical Student Bias in Evaluating Diagnostic Information. Med Decis Making
1: 145-164
Beck, J. R., Plante, D. A., Pauker, S. G.
(1981). A 65-Year-Old Chinese Woman with Lymphadenopathy and Progressive Pulmonary Infiltrates: One Million Chinese Women Can't All Have Tuberculosis. Med Decis Making
1: 391-414