To define risk factors associated with recurrent genital herpes-simplex-virus infection caused by either Type 1 or 2 herpesvirus (HSV-1 or HSV-2), we prospectively studied 137 patients with a first symptomatic episode of the disease and 87 with a recurrent episode. First episodes were divided into 78 primary infections (no antibodies to HSV in acute-phase serum) and 59 nonprimary infections (antibodies present). HSV-1 infections were less frequent and less likely to recur than HSV-2 infections. Fifteen per cent of primary first episodes were caused by HSV-1, as compared with 3 per cent of nonprimary first episodes and 2 per cent of recurrent episodes. Moreover, during follow-up of first-episode patients, only 14 per cent of HSV-1 infections recurred, as compared with 60 per cent of HSV-2 infections. Recurrences were more likely to follow an index recurrent episode than an index first episode, whether primary or nonprimary, and were more likely to occur in men than in women. Among patients with primary HSV-2 infections, the probability of recurrence was directly related to the presence and titer of neutralizing antibody to HSV-2 in convalescent-phase serum.
This article has been cited by other articles:
Kim, M., Taylor, J., Sidney, J., Mikloska, Z., Bodsworth, N., Lagios, K., Dunckley, H., Byth-Wilson, K., Denis, M., Finlayson, R., Khanna, R., Sette, A., Cunningham, A. L.
(2008). Immunodominant Epitopes in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Glycoprotein D Are Recognized by CD4 Lymphocytes from Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 Seropositive Subjects. J. Immunol.
181: 6604-6615
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kimberlin, D. W.
(2004). Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
17: 1-13
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kimura, H, Futamura, M, Ito, Y, Ando, Y, Hara, S, Sobajima, H, Nishiyama, Y, Morishima, T
(2003). Relapse of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.
88: F483-486
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stanberry, L. R., Spruance, S. L., Cunningham, A. L., Bernstein, D. I., Mindel, A., Sacks, S., Tyring, S., Aoki, F. Y., Slaoui, M., Denis, M., Vandepapeliere, P., Dubin, G., the GlaxoSmithKline Herpes Vaccine Efficacy Study,
(2002). Glycoprotein-D-Adjuvant Vaccine to Prevent Genital Herpes. NEJM
347: 1652-1661
[Abstract][Full Text]
Scoular, A
(2002). Using the evidence base on genital herpes: optimising the use of diagnostic tests and information provision. Sex. Transm. Infect.
78: 160-165
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ribes, J. A., Hayes, M., Smith, A., Winters, J. L., Baker, D. J.
(2001). Comparative Performance of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Serologic Assays from Meridian Diagnostics and MRL Diagnostics. J. Clin. Microbiol.
39: 3740-3742
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ribes, J. A., Steele, A. D., Seabolt, J. P., Baker, D. J.
(2001). Six-Year Study of the Incidence of Herpes in Genital and Nongenital Cultures in a Central Kentucky Medical Center Patient Population. J. Clin. Microbiol.
39: 3321-3325
[Abstract][Full Text]
Han, X., Lundberg, P., Tanamachi, B., Openshaw, H., Longmate, J., Cantin, E.
(2001). Gender Influences Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection in Normal and Gamma Interferon-Mutant Mice. J. Virol.
75: 3048-3052
[Abstract][Full Text]
Saiag, P., Praindhui, D., Chastang, C.
(1999). A double-blind, randomized study assessing the equivalence of valacyclovir 1000 mg once daily versus 500 mg twice daily in the episodic treatment of recurrent genital herpes. J Antimicrob Chemother
44: 525-531
[Abstract][Full Text]
LeBlanc, R. A., Pesnicak, L., Cabral, E. S., Godleski, M., Straus, S. E.
(1999). Lack of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Enhances Susceptibility to Infection but Does Not Alter Latency or Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in IL-6 Knockout Mice. J. Virol.
73: 8145-8151
[Abstract][Full Text]
Nowinski, R., Tam, M., Goldstein, L., Stong, L, Kuo, C., Corey, L, Stamm, W., Handsfield, H., Knapp, J., Holmes, K.
(1983). Monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis of infectious diseases in humans. Science
219: 637-644
Previous
