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Previous Volume 305:363-368 August 13, 1981 Number 7 Next

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Abstract

Patients with diabetes that is insensitive to subcutaneous insulin but sensitive to intravenous insulin have recently been described. We have studied this phenomenon is five female diabetics (14 to 31 years of age) who required excessive amounts of insulin (2.5 to 30.0 units per kilogram of body weight per day) to avoid recurrent ketoacidosis. Known causes of insulin resistance were excluded. All patients had normal responses to conventional doses of intravenous insulin (0.35 to 0.9 unit per kilogram per day). Four patients required continuous intravenous infusion of insulin for one to six months. When a mixture of aprotinin (a protease inhibitor) and regular porcine insulin was given subcutaneously, conventional doses (0.7 to 1.4 units per kilogram per day) produced euglycemia; plasma levels of free insulin rose, and ketonuria disappeared. Four patients had episodes of spontaneous, severe hypoglycemia before and during aprotinin therapy, necessitating continuous infusion of glucose for two to 14 days. Although no insulin was administered, hyperinsulinemia (50 to 2000 muU of free insulin per milliliter [359 to 14,350 pmol per liter]) was present. These findings suggest excessive degradation or sequestration of insulin at the site of injection.

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• Riveline, J.-P., Capeau, J., Robert, J.-J., Varroud-Vial, M., Cerf-Baron, I., Deburge, A., Charpentier, G. (2001). Extreme Subcutaneous Insulin Resistance Successfully Treated by an Implantable Pump. Diabetes Care 24: 2155-2156 [Full Text]  
• Affholter, J., Fried, V., Roth, R. (1988). Human insulin-degrading enzyme shares structural and functional homologies with E. coli protease III. Science 242: 1415-1418 [Abstract]