To determine whether two insulin-like growth factors (IGF I and IGF II) influence the course of diabetic retinopathy, we measured the concentrations of these factors in 80 adult patients with diabetes and in 62 control subjects. In seven patients with Type I diabetes and rapidly deteriorating vision as a result of proliferative and exudative retinopathy, the serum concentration of IGF I was 722 +/- 41 ng per milliliter (mean +/- S.E.M.), as compared with 381 +/- 48 ng per milliliter in 26 patients who had Type I diabetes without retinopathy or with less severe forms of it, and 302 +/- 15 ng per milliliter in the controls (P less than 0.001 for both comparisons). Serum concentrations of IGF II were normal in subjects with Type I diabetes but were somewhat depressed in those with Type II disease. Whether elevated serum concentrations of IGF I cause the accelerated development of retinopathy in some patients remains to be determined. Such levels do appear to identify patients at high risk for rapid deterioration of vision, and hence may be useful in selecting patients for more intensive or alternative forms of therapy.
This article has been cited by other articles:
Chang, K.-H., Chan-Ling, T., McFarland, E. L., Afzal, A., Pan, H., Baxter, L. C., Shaw, L. C., Caballero, S., Sengupta, N., Calzi, S. L., Sullivan, S. M., Grant, M. B.
(2007). IGF binding protein-3 regulates hematopoietic stem cell and endothelial precursor cell function during vascular development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
104: 10595-10600
[Abstract][Full Text]
Treins, C., Giorgetti-Peraldi, S., Murdaca, J., Monthouel-Kartmann, M.-N., Van Obberghen, E.
(2005). Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1 Activity and Expression of HIF Hydroxylases in Response to Insulin-Like Growth Factor I. Mol. Endocrinol.
19: 1304-1317
[Abstract][Full Text]
Schmidt, R. E., Dorsey, D. A., Beaudet, L. N., Peterson, R. G.
(2003). Analysis of the Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model Suggests a Neurotrophic Role for Insulin/IGF-I in Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy. Am. J. Pathol.
163: 21-28
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lauszus, F. F., Klebe, J. G., Bek, T., Flyvbjerg, A.
(2003). Increased Serum IGF-I During Pregnancy Is Associated With Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes
52: 852-856
[Abstract][Full Text]
Henricsson, M., Berntorp, K., Fernlund, P., Sundkvist, G.
(2002). Progression of Retinopathy in Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Care
25: 381-385
[Abstract][Full Text]
Crowne, E. C., Samra, J. S., Cheetham, T., Acerini, C. L., Watts, A., Holly, J. M. P., Dunger, D. B.
(2001). The Role of IGF-Binding Proteins in Mediating the Effects of Recombinant Human IGF-I on Insulin Requirements in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
86: 3686-3691
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cianfarani, S., Bonfanti, R., Bitti, M. L. M., Germani, D., Boemi, S., Chiumello, G., Boscherini, B.
(2000). Growth and Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) in Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus at the Onset of Disease: Evidence for Normal Growth, Age Dependency of the IGF System Alterations, and Presence of a Small (Approximately 18-Kilodalton) IGF-Binding Protein-3 Fragment in Serum. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
85: 4162-4167
[Abstract][Full Text]
Blank, D., Riedl, M., Reitner, A., Schnack, C., Schernthaner, G., Clodi, M., Frisch, H., Luger, A.
(2000). Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy Is Not Associated with Retinal Changes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
85: 634-636
[Abstract][Full Text]
Koller, E. A., Green, L., Gertner, J. M., Bost, M., Malozowski, S. N.
(1998). Retinal Changes Mimicking Diabetic Retinopathy in Two Nondiabetic, Growth Hormone-Treated Patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
83: 2380-2383
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chantelau, E
(1998). Evidence that upregulation of serum IGF-1 concentration can trigger acceleration of diabetic retinopathy. Br. J. Ophthalmol.
82: 725-730
[Abstract][Full Text]
Janssen, J. A. M. J. L., Jacobs, M. L., Derkx, F. H. M., Weber, R. F. A., van der Lely, A. J., Lamberts, S. W. J.
(1997). Free and Total Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), IGF-Binding Protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and Their Relationships to the Presence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
82: 2809-2815
[Abstract][Full Text]
Smith, L. E., Kopchick, J. J., Chen, W., Knapp, J., Kinose, F., Daley, D., Foley, E., Smith, R. G., Schaeffer, J. M.
(1997). Essential Role of Growth Hormone in Ischemia-Induced Retinal Neovascularization. Science
276: 1706-1709
[Abstract][Full Text]
CHANTELAU, E, EGGERT, H, SEPPEL, T, SCHONAU, E, ALTHAUS, C
(1997). Elevation of serum IGF-1 precedes proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Mauriac's syndrome. Br. J. Ophthalmol.
81: 168b-168
[Full Text]
Nathan, D. M.
(1993). Long-Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. NEJM
328: 1676-1685
[Full Text]
Rogers, D. G.
(1992). Puberty and Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. CLIN PEDIATR
31: 168-173
Previous
