We studied survival rates among 767 men with good left ventricular function who participated in the European Coronary Surgery Study, 10 to 12 years after they were randomly assigned to either early coronary bypass surgery or medical therapy. At the projected five-year follow-up interval, we observed a significantly higher survival rate (+/- 95 percent confidence interval) in the group that was assigned to surgical treatment than in the group assigned to medical treatment (92.4 +/- 2.7 vs. 83.1 +/- 3.9 percent; P = 0.0001). During the subsequent seven years, the percentage of patients who survived decreased more rapidly in the surgically treated than in the medically treated group (70.6 +/- 5.8 vs. 66.7 +/- 5.3 percent at 12 years). Thus, the improvement in the survival rate among patients with stable angina who were treated surgically appears to have been attenuated after five years. However, the gradually diminishing difference between the two survival curves still favored surgical treatment after 12 years (P = 0.04), despite the fact that 136 patients in the medically treated group had coronary bypass surgery and 23 in the "surgically treated" group did not. The benefit of surgical treatment tended to be greater, but not significantly so, as assessed by interaction analysis in the subgroups of patients who were older or who had signs of ischemia or previous infarction on the resting electrocardiogram, a markedly ischemic response to exercise testing, peripheral arterial disease, an absence of hypertension, and proximal obstruction in the left anterior descending artery. The reasons for the loss of a beneficial effect of surgery after five years are unknown and merit further study.
Source Information
Sahlgrenska Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.
This article has been cited by other articles:
Buszman, P. E., Buszman, P. P., Kiesz, R. S., Bochenek, A., Trela, B., Konkolewska, M., Wallace-Bradley, D., Wilczynski, M., Banasiewicz-Szkrobka, I., Peszek-Przybyla, E., Krol, M., Kondys, M., Milewski, K., Wiernek, S., Debinski, M., Zurakowski, A., Martin, J. L., Tendera, M.
(2009). Early and Long-Term Results of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting: The LE MANS (Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting) Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol
54: 1500-1511
[Abstract][Full Text]
Montalescot, G., Brieger, D., Eagle, K. A., Anderson, F. A. Jr, FitzGerald, G., Lee, M. S., Steg, Ph. G., Avezum, A., Goodman, S. G., Gore, J. M., for the GRACE Investigators,
(2009). Unprotected left main revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J
30: 2308-2317
[Abstract][Full Text]
Naik, H., White, A. J., Chakravarty, T., Forrester, J., Fontana, G., Kar, S., Shah, P. K., Weiss, R. E., Makkar, R.
(2009). A Meta-Analysis of 3,773 Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Surgery for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv
2: 739-747
[Abstract][Full Text]
Caiati, C., Zedda, N., Cadeddu, M., Chen, L., Montaldo, C., Iliceto, S., Lepera, M. E., Favale, S.
(2009). Detection, location, and severity assessment of left anterior descending coronary artery stenoses by means of contrast-enhanced transthoracic harmonic echo Doppler. Eur Heart J
30: 1797-1806
[Abstract][Full Text]
Thiele, H., Neumann-Schniedewind, P., Jacobs, S., Boudriot, E., Walther, T., Mohr, F.-W., Schuler, G., Falk, V.
(2009). Randomized Comparison of Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Versus Sirolimus-Eluting Stenting in Isolated Proximal Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol
53: 2324-2331
[Abstract][Full Text]
Loef, B. G., Epema, A. H., Navis, G., Ebels, T., Stegeman, C. A.
(2009). Postoperative renal dysfunction and preoperative left ventricular dysfunction predispose patients to increased long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Br J Anaesth
102: 749-755
[Abstract][Full Text]
Brar, S. S., Syros, G., Dangas, G.
(2008). Multivessel Disease: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Classic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Indications. ANGIOLOGY
59: 83S-88S
[Abstract]
White, A. J., Kedia, G., Mirocha, J. M., Lee, M. S., Forrester, J. S., Morales, W. C., Dohad, S., Kar, S., Czer, L. S., Fontana, G. P., Trento, A., Shah, P. K., Makkar, R. R.
(2008). Comparison of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Percutaneous Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation for Treatment of Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv
1: 236-245
[Abstract][Full Text]
Buszman, P. E., Kiesz, S. R., Bochenek, A., Peszek-Przybyla, E., Szkrobka, I., Debinski, M., Bialkowska, B., Dudek, D., Gruszka, A., Zurakowski, A., Milewski, K., Wilczynski, M., Rzeszutko, L., Buszman, P., Szymszal, J., Martin, J. L., Tendera, M.
(2008). Acute and late outcomes of unprotected left main stenting in comparison with surgical revascularization.. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 538-545
[Abstract][Full Text]
Brown, M. L., Sundt, T. M. III, Gersh, B. J.
(2008). Indications for Revascularization. Card Surg Adult
3: 551-572
[Full Text]
Gibbons, R. J., Fihn, S. D.
(2007). Coronary Revascularization: New Evidence, New Challenges. ANN INTERN MED
147: 732-734
[Full Text]
Tardif, J.-C., Carrier, M., Kandzari, D. E., Emery, R., Cote, R., Heinonen, T., Zettler, M., Hasselblad, V., Guertin, M.-C., Harrington, R. A., MEND-CABG Investigators,
(2007). Effects of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (MC-1) in patients undergoing high-risk coronary artery bypass surgery: Results of the MEND-CABG randomized study. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
133: 1604-1611
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jaffery, Z., Kowalski, M., Weaver, W. D., Khanal, S.
(2007). A meta-analysis of randomized control trials comparing minimally invasive direct coronary bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention for stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending artery. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
31: 691-697
[Abstract][Full Text]
Pilote, L., Dasgupta, K., Guru, V., Humphries, K. H., McGrath, J., Norris, C., Rabi, D., Tremblay, J., Alamian, A., Barnett, T., Cox, J., Ghali, W. A., Grace, S., Hamet, P., Ho, T., Kirkland, S., Lambert, M., Libersan, D., O'Loughlin, J., Paradis, G., Petrovich, M., Tagalakis, V.
(2007). A comprehensive view of sex-specific issues related to cardiovascular disease. CMAJ
176: S1-S44
[Abstract][Full Text]
Pundziute, G., Schuijf, J. D., Jukema, J. W., Boersma, E., de Roos, A., van der Wall, E. E., Bax, J. J.
(2007). Prognostic Value of Multislice Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in Patients With Known or Suspected Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol
49: 62-70
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dzau, V. J., Antman, E. M., Black, H. R., Hayes, D. L., Manson, J. E., Plutzky, J., Popma, J. J., Stevenson, W.
(2006). The Cardiovascular Disease Continuum Validated: Clinical Evidence of Improved Patient Outcomes: Part I: Pathophysiology and Clinical Trial Evidence (Risk Factors Through Stable Coronary Artery Disease). Circulation
114: 2850-2870
[Full Text]
Gao, G., Wu, Y., Grunkemeier, G. L., Furnary, A. P., Starr, A.
(2006). Long-term survival of patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: comparison of the pre-stent and post-stent eras.. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
82: 806-810
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barner, H. B.
(2006). Status of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass.. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
30: 419-424
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gyenes, G., Shrive, F. M., Graham, M. M., Ghali, W. A., Knudtson, M. L., for the APPROACH Investigators,
(2006). The Prognostic Importance of Nonsignificant Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol
48: 276-280
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sabik, J. F. III, Blackstone, E. H., Gillinov, A. M., Smedira, N. G., Lytle, B. W.
(2006). Occurrence and Risk Factors for Reintervention After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Circulation
114: I-454-I-460
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lee, M. S., Kapoor, N., Jamal, F., Czer, L., Aragon, J., Forrester, J., Kar, S., Dohad, S., Kass, R., Eigler, N., Trento, A., Shah, P. K., Makkar, R. R.
(2006). Comparison of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug-Eluting Stents for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol
47: 864-870
[Abstract][Full Text]
Thiele, H., Oettel, S., Jacobs, S., Hambrecht, R., Sick, P., Gummert, J. F., Mohr, F. W., Schuler, G., Falk, V.
(2005). Comparison of Bare-Metal Stenting With Minimally Invasive Bypass Surgery for Stenosis of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery: A 5-Year Follow-Up. Circulation
112: 3445-3450
[Abstract][Full Text]
Graham, M. M., Ghali, W. A., Faris, P. D., Galbraith, P. D., Tu, J. V., Norris, C. M., Zentner, A., Knudtson, M. L., for the APPROACH Investigators,
(2005). Population rates of cardiac catheterization and yield of high-risk coronary artery disease. CMAJ
173: 35-39
[Abstract][Full Text]
Youssef, F., Gupta, P., Mikhailidis, D. P., Hamilton, G.
(2005). Risk Modification in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Retrospective Survey. ANGIOLOGY
56: 279-287
[Abstract]
Okrainec, K., Platt, R., Pilote, L., Eisenberg, M. J.
(2005). Cardiac medical therapy in patients after undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A review of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Cardiol
45: 177-184
[Abstract][Full Text]
Carrozza, J. P. Jr, Sellke, F. W.
(2004). A 69-Year-Old Woman With Left Main Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA
292: 2506-2514
[Full Text]
Jasti, V., Ivan, E., Yalamanchili, V., Wongpraparut, N., Leesar, M. A.
(2004). Correlations Between Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound in Patients With an Ambiguous Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis. Circulation
110: 2831-2836
[Abstract][Full Text]
Brueren, B R G, Ernst, J M P G, Suttorp, M J, ten Berg, J M, Rensing, B J W M, Mast, E G, Bal, E T, Six, A J, Plokker, H W M
(2003). Long term follow up after elective percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected non-bifurcational left main stenosis: is it time to change the guidelines?. Heart
89: 1336-1339
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hachamovitch, R., Hayes, S. W., Friedman, J. D., Cohen, I., Berman, D. S.
(2003). Comparison of the Short-Term Survival Benefit Associated With Revascularization Compared With Medical Therapy in Patients With No Prior Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Stress Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Circulation
107: 2900-2907
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jain, A, Wadehra, V, Timmis, A D
(2003). Management of stable angina. Postgrad. Med. J.
79: 332-336
[Abstract][Full Text]
Brueck, M., Kramer, W., Vogt, P. R., Daniel, W. G., Tillmanns, H., Ludwig, J.
(2003). Patency rates of three arterial grafting patterns to the left anterior descending and diagonal coronary arteries in symptomatic patients. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
75: 1161-1164
[Abstract][Full Text]
Weintraub, W. S., Clements, S. D. Jr, Crisco, L. V.-T., Guyton, R. A., Craver, J. M., Jones, E. L., Hatcher, C. R. Jr
(2003). Twenty-Year Survival After Coronary Artery Surgery: An Institutional Perspective From Emory University. Circulation
107: 1271-1277
[Abstract][Full Text]
Vaccarino, V., Lin, Z. Q., Kasl, S. V., Mattera, J. A., Roumanis, S. A., Abramson, J. L., Krumholz, H. M.
(2003). Gender differences in recovery after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol
41: 307-314
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sundt, T. M. III, Gersh, B. J., Smith, H. C.
(2003). Indications for Coronary Revascularization. Card Surg Adult
2: 541-559
[Full Text]
Woo, Y. J., Gardner, T. J.
(2003). Myocardial Revascularization with Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Card Surg Adult
2: 581-607
[Full Text]
Ekre, O., Eliasson, T., Norrsell, H., Wahrborg, P., Mannheimer, C.
(2002). Long-term effects of spinal cord stimulation and coronary artery bypass grafting on quality of life and survival in the ESBY study. Eur Heart J
23: 1938-1945
[Abstract]
Demaria, R. G., Carrier, M., Fortier, S., Martineau, R., Fortier, A., Cartier, R., Pellerin, M., Hebert, Y., Bouchard, D., Page, P., Perrault, L. P.
(2002). Reduced Mortality and Strokes With Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in Octogenarians. Circulation
106: I-5-I-10
[Abstract][Full Text]
Diegeler, A., Thiele, H., Falk, V., Hambrecht, R., Spyrantis, N., Sick, P., Diederich, K. W., Mohr, F. W., Schuler, G.
(2002). Comparison of Stenting with Minimally Invasive Bypass Surgery for Stenosis of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery. NEJM
347: 561-566
[Abstract][Full Text]
Poses, R. M., Krueger, J. I., Sloman, S., Elstein, A. S.
(2002). Physicians' Judgments of Survival After Medical Management and Mortality Risk Reduction Due to Revascularization Procedures for Patients With Coronary Artery Disease*. Chest
122: 122-133
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kofoed, K. F., Bangsgaard, R., Carstensen, S., Svendsen, J. H., Hansen, P. R., Arendrup, H., Hesse, B., Kelbaek, H.
(2002). Prolonged ischemic heart disease and coronary artery bypass -- relation to contractile reserve. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
21: 417-423
[Abstract][Full Text]
Labinaz, M., Kilaru, R., Pieper, K., Marso, S. P., Kitt, M. M., Simoons, M. L., Califf, R. M., Topol, E. J., Armstrong, P. W., Harrington, R. A.
(2002). Outcomes of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Results From the Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable Angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin Therapy (PURSUIT) Trial. Circulation
105: 322-327
[Abstract][Full Text]
Detre, K. M., Holubkov, R.
(2002). Coronary Revascularization on Balance: Robert L. Frye Lecture. Mayo Clin Proc.
77: 72-82
[Abstract]
Gardner, S. C., Grunwald, G. K., Rumsfeld, J. S., Mackenzie, T., Gao, D., Perlin, J. B., McDonald, G., Shroyer, A. L. W.
(2001). Risk factors for intermediate-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
72: 2033-2037
[Abstract][Full Text]
Berger, P. B., Velianou, J. L., Aslanidou Vlachos, H., Feit, F., Jacobs, A. K., Faxon, D. P., Attubato, M., Keller, N., Stadius, M. L., Weiner, B. H., Williams, D. O., Detre, K. M., on behalf of the BARI Investigators,
(2001). Survival following coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass surgery in anatomic subsets in which coronary artery bypass surgery improves survival compared with medical therapy: Results from the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI). J Am Coll Cardiol
38: 1440-1449
[Abstract][Full Text]
Fihn, S. D., Williams, S. V., Daley, J., Gibbons, R. J.
(2001). Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Chronic Stable Angina: Treatment. ANN INTERN MED
135: 616-632
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chaubey, S, Davies, S., Moat, N
(2001). Invasive investigations and revascularisation: Ischaemic heart disease. Br Med Bull
59: 45-53
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cleland, J. G F, John, J., Dhawan, J., Clark, A.
(2001). What is the optimal medical management of ischaemic heart failure?. Br Med Bull
59: 135-158
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ghali, W. A., Graham, M. M.
(2001). Evidence or faith? Coronary artery bypass grafting in elderly patients. CMAJ
165: 775-776
[Full Text]
McHugh, F, Lindsay, G M, Hanlon, P, Hutton, I, Brown, M R, Morrison, C, Wheatley, D J
(2001). Nurse led shared care for patients on the waiting list for coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Heart
86: 317-323
[Abstract][Full Text]
Morrison, D. A., Sethi, G., Sacks, J., Henderson, W., Grover, F., Sedlis, S., Esposito, R., Ramanathan, K., Weiman, D., Saucedo, J., Antakli, T., Paramesh, V., Pett, S., Vernon, S., Birjiniuk, V., Welt, F., Krucoff, M., Wolfe, W., Lucke, J. C., Mediratta, S., Booth, D., Barbiere, C., Lewis, D., for the Investigators of the Department of Veteran,
(2001). Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery for patients with medically refractory myocardial ischemia and risk factors for adverse outcomes with bypass: a multicenter, randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol
38: 143-149
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sharir, T., Germano, G., Kang, X., Lewin, H. C., Miranda, R., Cohen, I., Agafitei, R. D., Friedman, J. D., Berman, D. S.
(2001). Prediction of Myocardial Infarction Versus Cardiac Death by Gated Myocardial Perfusion SPECT: Risk Stratification by the Amount of Stress-Induced Ischemia and the Poststress Ejection Fraction. JNM
42: 831-837
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lin, S. S., Lauer, M. S., Asher, C. R., Cosgrove, D. M., Blackstone, E., Thomas, J. D., Garcia, M. J.
(2001). Prediction of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing operations for mitral valve degeneration. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
121: 894-901
[Abstract][Full Text]
Daimon, M., Watanabe, H., Yamagishi, H., Muro, T., Akioka, K., Hirata, K., Takeuchi, K., Yoshikawa, J.
(2001). Physiologic assessment of coronary artery stenosis by coronary flow reserve measurements with transthoracic doppler echocardiography: comparison with exercise thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol
37: 1310-1315
[Abstract][Full Text]
Koomen, E. M., Hutten, B. A., Kelder, J. C., Redekop, W. K., Tijssen, J. G.P., Kingma, J. H.
(2001). Morbidity and mortality in patients waiting for coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
19: 260-265
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hochman, J. S., Sleeper, L. A., White, H. D., Dzavik, V., Wong, S. C., Menon, V., Webb, J. G., Steingart, R., Picard, M. H., Menegus, M. A., Boland, J., Sanborn, T., Buller, C. E., Modur, S., Forman, R., Desvigne-Nickens, P., Jacobs, A. K., Slater, J. N., LeJemtel, T. H., for the SHOCK Investigators,
(2001). One-Year Survival Following Early Revascularization for Cardiogenic Shock. JAMA
285: 190-192
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stevenson, L. W., Kormos, R. L.
(2001). Mechanical cardiac support 2000: current applications and future trial design: June 15-16, 2000 Bethesda, Maryland. J Am Coll Cardiol
37: 340-370
[Full Text]
Abramov, D., Tamariz, M. G., Fremes, S. E., Guru, V., Borger, M. A., Christakis, G. T., Bhatnagar, G., Sever, J. Y., Goldman, B. S.
(2000). Trends in coronary artery bypass surgery results: a recent, 9-year study. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
70: 84-90
[Abstract][Full Text]
Silvestri, M., Barragan, P., Sainsous, J., Bayet, G., Simeoni, J.-B., Roquebert, P.-O., Macaluso, G., Bouvier, J.-L., Comet, B.
(2000). Unprotected left main coronary artery stenting: immediate and medium- term outcomes of 140 elective procedures. J Am Coll Cardiol
35: 1543-1550
[Abstract][Full Text]
MacDonald, P., Johnstone, D., Rockwood, K.
(2000). Coronary artery bypass surgery for elderly patients: Is our practice based on evidence or faith?. CMAJ
162: 1005-1006
[Full Text]
Kvidal, P., Bergstrom, R., Horte, L.-G., Stahle, E.
(2000). Observed and relative survival after aortic valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol
35: 747-756
[Abstract][Full Text]
Whitlow, P. L., Dimas, A. P., Bashore, T. M., Califf, R. M., Bourassa, M. G., Chaitman, B. R., Rosen, A. D., Kip, K. E., Stadius, M. L., Alderman, E. L., for the BARI Investigators,
(1999). Relationship of extent of revascularization with angina at one year in the bypass angioplasty revascularization investigation (BARI). J Am Coll Cardiol
34: 1750-1759
[Abstract][Full Text]
Eagle, K. A., Guyton, R. A., Davidoff, R., Ewy, G. A., Fonger, J., Gardner, T. J., Gott, J. P., Herrmann, H. C., Marlow, R. A., Nugent, W. C., O'Connor, G. T., Orszulak, T. A., Rieselbach, R. E., Winters, W. L., Yusuf, S., Gibbons, R. J., Alpert, J. S., Eagle, K. A., Gardner, T. J., Garson, A. Jr., Gregoratos, G., Russell, R. O., Smith, S. C. Jr.
(1999). ACC/AHA guidelines for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association task force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1991 Guidelines for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery). J Am Coll Cardiol
34: 1262-1347
[Full Text]
Abizaid, A. S., Mintz, G. S., Abizaid, A., Mehran, R., Lansky, A. J., Pichard, A. D., Satler, L. F., Wu, H., Kent, K. M., Leon, M. B.
(1999). One-year follow-up after intravascular ultrasound assessment of moderate left main coronary artery disease in patients with ambiguous angiograms. J Am Coll Cardiol
34: 707-715
[Abstract][Full Text]
Batchelor, W. B., Peterson, E. D., Mark, D. B., Knight, J. D., Granger, C. B., Armstrong, P. W., Califf, R. M.
(1999). A comparison of U.S. and Canadian cardiac catheterization practices in detecting severe coronary artery disease after myocardial infarction: efficiency, yield and long-term implications. J Am Coll Cardiol
34: 12-19
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hundley, W. G., Hamilton, C. A., Clarke, G. D., Hillis, L. D., Herrington, D. M., Lange, R. A., Applegate, R. J., Thomas, M. S., Payne, J., Link, K. M., Peshock, R. M.
(1999). Visualization and Functional Assessment of Proximal and Middle Left Anterior Descending Coronary Stenoses in Humans With Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Circulation
99: 3248-3254
[Abstract][Full Text]
Senior, R., Kaul, S., Lahiri, A.
(1999). Myocardial viability on echocardiography predicts long-term survival after revascularization in patients with ischemic congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol
33: 1848-1854
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gibbons, R. J., Chatterjee, K., Daley, J., Douglas, J. S., Fihn, S. D., Gardin, J. M., Grunwald, M. A., Levy, D., Lytle, B. W., O'Rourke, R. A., Schafer, W. P., Williams, S. V., Ritchie, J. L., Gibbons, R. J., Cheitlin, M. D., Eagle, K. A., Gardner, T. J., Garson, A. Jr, Russell, R. O., Ryan, T. J., Smith, S. C. Jr
(1999). ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol
33: 2092-2197
[Full Text]
Bernstein, S J, Brorsson, B, Åberg, T, Emanuelsson, H, Brook, R H, Werkö, L
(1999). Appropriateness of referral of coronary angiography patients in Sweden. Heart
81: 470-477
[Abstract][Full Text]
Skinner, J S, Farrer, M, Albers, C J, Neil, H A W, Adams, P C
(1999). High apolipoprotein AI concentrations are associated with lower mortality and myocardial infarction five years after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Heart
81: 488-494
[Abstract][Full Text]
Herlitz, J, Wiklund, I, Caidahl, K, Karlson, B W, Sjöland, H, Hartford, M, Haglid, M, Karlsson, T
(1999). Determinants of an impaired quality of life five years after coronary artery bypass surgery. Heart
81: 342-346
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gotsman, M. S., Admon, D.
(1998). Paradigm Shifts in Coronary Artery Disease: The Old New Initiatives. Arch Intern Med
158: 949-953
[Full Text]
Moussa, I., Reimers, B., Moses, J., Di Mario, C., Di Francesco, L., Ferraro, M., Colombo, A.
(1997). Long-term Angiographic and Clinical Outcome of Patients Undergoing Multivessel Coronary Stenting. Circulation
96: 3873-3879
[Abstract][Full Text]
Every, N. R., Parsons, L. S., Fihn, S. D., Larson, E. B., Maynard, C., Hallstrom, A. P., Martin, J. S., Weaver, W. D., Investigators, f. t. M.
(1997). Long-term Outcome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Admitted to Hospitals With and Without On-site Cardiac Catheterization Facilities. Circulation
96: 1770-1775
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mariani, M. A., Boonstra, P. W., Grandjean, J. G., Peels, J. O. J., Monnink, S. H. J., den Heijer, P., Crijns, H. J. G. M.
(1997). MINIMALLY INVASIVE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING VERSUS CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY FOR ISOLATED TYPE C STENOSIS OF THE LEFT ANTERIOR DESCENDING ARTERY. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
114: 434-439
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mulcahy, D., Husain, S., Zalos, G., Rehman, A., Andrews, N. P., Schenke, W. H., Geller, N. L., Quyyumi, A. A.
(1997). Ischemia During Ambulatory Monitoring as a Prognostic Indicator in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA
277: 318-324
[Abstract]
Canver, C. C., Nichols, R. D., Cooler, S. D., Heisey, D. M., Murray, E. L., Kroncke, G. M.
(1996). Influence of Increasing Age on Long-Term Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
62: 1123-1127
[Abstract][Full Text]
The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investiga,
(1996). Comparison of Coronary Bypass Surgery with Angioplasty in Patients with Multivessel Disease. NEJM
335: 217-225
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sjoland, H., Wiklund, I., Caidahl, K., Haglid, M., Westberg, S., Herlitz, J.
(1996). Improvement in Quality of Life and Exercise Capacity After Coronary Bypass Surgery. Arch Intern Med
156: 265-271
[Abstract]
French, J. K., Scott, D. S., Whitlock, R. M.L., Nisbet, H. D., Vedder, M., Kerr, A. R., Smith, W. M.
(1995). Late Outcome After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients <40 Years Old. Circulation
92: 14-19
[Abstract][Full Text]
Weintraub, W. S., Jones, E. L., Craver, J. M., Grosswald, R., Guyton, R. A.
(1995). In-Hospital and Long-term Outcome After Reoperative Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Circulation
92: 50-57
[Abstract][Full Text]
Peterson, E. D., Cowper, P. A., Jollis, J. G., Bebchuk, J. D., DeLong, E. R., Muhlbaier, L. H., Mark, D. B., Pryor, D. B.
(1995). Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in 24 461 Patients Aged 80 Years or Older. Circulation
92: 85-91
[Abstract][Full Text]
Farb, A., Tang, A. L., Burke, A. P., Sessums, L., Liang, Y., Virmani, R.
(1995). Sudden Coronary Death : Frequency of Active Coronary Lesions, Inactive Coronary Lesions, and Myocardial Infarction. Circulation
92: 1701-1709
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ikonomidis, J. S., Rao, V., Weisel, R. D., Hayashida, N., Shirai, T.
(1995). Myocardial Protection for Coronary Bypass Grafting: The Toronto Hospital Perspective. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
60: 824-832
[Abstract][Full Text]
Flamen, P., Dendale, P., Bossuyt, A., Franken, P. R.
(1995). Combined Left Ventricular Wall Motion and Myocardial Perfusion Stress Imaging in the Initial Assessment of Patients with a Recent Uncomplicated Myocardial Infarction. ANGIOLOGY
46: 461-472
[Abstract]
Kuntz, K. M., Weinstein, M. C.
(1995). Life Expectancy Biases in Clinical Decision Modeling. Med Decis Making
15: 158-169
[Abstract]
Caracciolo, E. A., Davis, K. B., Sopko, G., Kaiser, G. C., Corley, S. D., Schaff, H., Taylor, H. A., Chaitman, B. R.
(1995). Comparison of Surgical and Medical Group Survival in Patients With Left Main Coronary Artery Disease : Long-term CASS Experience. Circulation
91: 2325-2334
[Abstract][Full Text]
Caracciolo, E. A., Davis, K. B., Sopko, G., Kaiser, G. C., Corley, S. D., Schaff, H., Taylor, H. A., Chaitman, B. R.
(1995). Comparison of Surgical and Medical Group Survival in Patients With Left Main Equivalent Coronary Artery Disease : Long-term CASS Experience. Circulation
91: 2335-2344
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hartz, A. J., Kuhn, E. M., Doorey, A. J., Fischer, J. E., Leesar, M. A., Joseph, S. A., Prince, C. R., Hamm, C. W., Berger, J., Kalmar, P., King, S. B., Hillis, L. D., Rutherford, J. D.
(1995). Coronary Angioplasty Compared with Bypass Grafting. NEJM
332: 888-890
[Full Text]
Giles, W. H., Anda, R. F., Casper, M. L., Escobedo, L. G., Taylor, H. A.
(1995). Race and Sex Differences in Rates of Invasive Cardiac Procedures in US Hospitals: Data From the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Arch Intern Med
155: 318-324
[Abstract]
Kawasuji, M., Sakakibara, N., Takemura, H., Matsumoto, Y., Mabuchi, H., Watanabe, Y.
(1995). Coronary artery bypass grafting in familial hypercholesterolemia. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
109: 364-369
[Abstract][Full Text]
Previous
