Because most colorectal carcinomas appear to arise from adenomas, studies of different stages of colorectal neoplasia may shed light on the genetic alterations involved in tumor progression. We looked for four genetic alterations (ras-gene mutations and allelic deletions of chromosomes 5, 17, and 18) in 172 colorectal-tumor specimens representing various stages of neoplastic development. The specimens consisted of 40 predominantly early-stage adenomas from 7 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, 40 adenomas (19 without associated foci of carcinoma and 21 with such foci) from 33 patients without familial polyposis, and 92 carcinomas resected from 89 patients. We found that ras-gene mutations occurred in 58 percent of adenomas larger than 1 cm and in 47 percent of carcinomas. However, ras mutations were found in only 9 percent of adenomas under 1 cm in size. Sequences on chromosome 5 that are linked to the gene for familial adenomatous polyposis were not lost in adenomas from the patients with polyposis but were lost in 29 to 35 percent of adenomas and carcinomas, respectively, from other patients. A specific region of chromosome 18 was deleted frequently in carcinomas (73 percent) and in advanced adenomas (47 percent) but only occasionally in earlier-stage adenomas (11 to 13 percent). Chromosome 17p sequences were usually lost only in carcinomas (75 percent). The four molecular alterations accumulated in a fashion that paralleled the clinical progression of tumors. These results are consistent with a model of colorectal tumorigenesis in which the steps required for the development of cancer often involve the mutational activation of an oncogene coupled with the loss of several genes that normally suppress tumorigenesis.
Source Information
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Oda, K., Okada, J., Timmerman, L., Rodriguez-Viciana, P., Stokoe, D., Shoji, K., Taketani, Y., Kuramoto, H., Knight, Z. A., Shokat, K. M., McCormick, F.
(2008). PIK3CA Cooperates with Other Phosphatidylinositol 3'-Kinase Pathway Mutations to Effect Oncogenic Transformation. Cancer Res.
68: 8127-8136
[Abstract][Full Text]
Guo, W., Wu, S., Liu, J., Fang, B.
(2008). Identification of a Small Molecule with Synthetic Lethality for K-Ras and Protein Kinase C Iota. Cancer Res.
68: 7403-7408
[Abstract][Full Text]
Yeang, C.-H., McCormick, F., Levine, A.
(2008). Combinatorial patterns of somatic gene mutations in cancer. FASEB J.
22: 2605-2622
[Abstract][Full Text]
Nickerson, M. L., Jaeger, E., Shi, Y., Durocher, J. A., Mahurkar, S., Zaridze, D., Matveev, V., Janout, V., Kollarova, H., Bencko, V., Navratilova, M., Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N., Mates, D., Mukeria, A., Holcatova, I., Schmidt, L. S., Toro, J. R., Karami, S., Hung, R., Gerard, G. F., Linehan, W. M., Merino, M., Zbar, B., Boffetta, P., Brennan, P., Rothman, N., Chow, W.-H., Waldman, F. M., Moore, L. E.
(2008). Improved Identification of von Hippel-Lindau Gene Alterations in Clear Cell Renal Tumors. Clin. Cancer Res.
14: 4726-4734
[Abstract][Full Text]
Zlobec, I, Lugli, A
(2008). Prognostic and predictive factors in colorectal cancer. Postgrad. Med. J.
84: 403-411
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mastrangelo, L., Cassidy, A., Mulholland, F., Wang, W., Bao, Y.
(2008). Serotonin Receptors, Novel Targets of Sulforaphane Identified by Proteomic Analysis in Caco-2 Cells. Cancer Res.
68: 5487-5491
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gilje, B., Heikkila, R., Oltedal, S., Tjensvoll, K., Nordgard, O.
(2008). High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase Enhances the Sensitivity of a Peptide Nucleic Acid Clamp PCR Assay for K-ras Mutations. J. Mol. Diagn.
10: 325-331
[Abstract][Full Text]
Zlobec, I., Baker, K., Terracciano, L. M., Lugli, A.
(2008). RHAMM, p21 Combined Phenotype Identifies Microsatellite Instability-High Colorectal Cancers with a Highly Adverse Prognosis. Clin. Cancer Res.
14: 3798-3806
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lance, P., Hamilton, S. R.
(2008). Sporadic Aberrant Crypt Foci Are Not a Surrogate Endpoint for Colorectal Adenoma Prevention. Cancer Prevention Research
1: 4-8
[Full Text]
Zlobec, I, Lugli, A
(2008). Prognostic and predictive factors in colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Pathol.
61: 561-569
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sagiv, E., Starr, A., Rozovski, U., Khosravi, R., Altevogt, P., Wang, T., Arber, N.
(2008). Targeting CD24 for Treatment of Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer by Monoclonal Antibodies or Small Interfering RNA. Cancer Res.
68: 2803-2812
[Abstract][Full Text]
Quinlan, M. P., Quatela, S. E., Philips, M. R., Settleman, J.
(2008). Activated Kras, but Not Hras or Nras, May Initiate Tumors of Endodermal Origin via Stem Cell Expansion. Mol. Cell. Biol.
28: 2659-2674
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ershler, W. B
(2008). Influence of the Oldest Tumor Host on Tumor Biology. aacredbook
2008: 191-195
[Abstract][Full Text]
Miller, M C., Doyle, G. V, Terstappen, L. W M M
(2008). Monitoring and Characterization of CTC in Cancer Patients. aacredbook
2008: 617-624
[Abstract][Full Text]
Amado, R. G., Wolf, M., Peeters, M., Van Cutsem, E., Siena, S., Freeman, D. J., Juan, T., Sikorski, R., Suggs, S., Radinsky, R., Patterson, S. D., Chang, D. D.
(2008). Wild-Type KRAS Is Required for Panitumumab Efficacy in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. JCO
26: 1626-1634
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jones, S., Chen, W.-d., Parmigiani, G., Diehl, F., Beerenwinkel, N., Antal, T., Traulsen, A., Nowak, M. A., Siegel, C., Velculescu, V. E., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B., Willis, J., Markowitz, S. D.
(2008). Comparative lesion sequencing provides insights into tumor evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
105: 4283-4288
[Abstract][Full Text]
Soetikno, R. M., Kaltenbach, T., Rouse, R. V., Park, W., Maheshwari, A., Sato, T., Matsui, S., Friedland, S.
(2008). Prevalence of Nonpolypoid (Flat and Depressed) Colorectal Neoplasms in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Adults. JAMA
299: 1027-1035
[Abstract][Full Text]
Shanmugam, C., Katkoori, V. R., Jhala, N. C., Grizzle, W. E., Siegal, G. P., Manne, U.
(2008). p53 Nuclear Accumulation and Bcl-2 Expression in Contiguous Adenomatous Components of Colorectal Adenocarcinomas Predict Aggressive Tumor Behavior. J. Histochem. Cytochem.
56: 305-312
[Abstract][Full Text]
Oyama, T., Yamada, Y., Hata, K., Tomita, H., Hirata, A., Sheng, H., Hara, A., Aoki, H., Kunisada, T., Yamashita, S., Mori, H.
(2008). Further upregulation of {beta}-catenin/Tcf transcription is involved in the development of macroscopic tumors in the colon of ApcMin/+ mice. Carcinogenesis
29: 666-672
[Abstract][Full Text]
Derks, S., Postma, C., Carvalho, B., van den Bosch, S. M., Moerkerk, P. T.M., Herman, J. G., Weijenberg, M. P., de Bruine, A. P., Meijer, G. A., van Engeland, M.
(2008). Integrated analysis of chromosomal, microsatellite and epigenetic instability in colorectal cancer identifies specific associations between promoter methylation of pivotal tumour suppressor and DNA repair genes and specific chromosomal alterations. Carcinogenesis
29: 434-439
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ezumi, K., Yamamoto, H., Murata, K., Higashiyama, M., Damdinsuren, B., Nakamura, Y., Kyo, N., Okami, J., Ngan, C. Y., Takemasa, I., Ikeda, M., Sekimoto, M., Matsuura, N., Nojima, H., Monden, M.
(2008). Aberrant Expression of Connexin 26 Is Associated with Lung Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
14: 677-684
[Abstract][Full Text]
Leedham, S J, Wright, N A
(2008). Expansion of a mutated clone: from stem cell to tumour. J. Clin. Pathol.
61: 164-171
[Abstract][Full Text]
Janakiram, N. B., Cooma, I., Mohammed, A., Steele, V. E., Rao, C. V.
(2008). -Ionone inhibits colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats, suppresses cell growth, and induces retinoid X receptor-{alpha} in human colon cancer cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
7: 181-190
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ogino, S., Goel, A.
(2008). Molecular Classification and Correlates in Colorectal Cancer. J. Mol. Diagn.
10: 13-27
[Abstract][Full Text]
Uronis, J. M., Herfarth, H. H., Rubinas, T. C., Bissahoyo, A. C., Hanlon, K., Threadgill, D. W.
(2007). Flat Colorectal Cancers Are Genetically Determined and Progress to Invasion without Going through a Polypoid Stage. Cancer Res.
67: 11594-11600
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lynch, D., Svoboda, J., Putta, S., Hofland, H. E. J., Chern, W. H., Hansen, L. A.
(2007). Mouse Skin Models for Carcinogenic Hazard Identification: Utilities and Challenges. Toxicol Pathol
35: 853-864
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sagiv, E., Rozovski, U., Kazanov, D., Liberman, E., Arber, N.
(2007). Gene Expression Analysis Proposes Alternative Pathways for the Mechanism by Which Celecoxib Selectively Inhibits the Growth of Transformed but not Normal Enterocytes. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 6807-6815
[Abstract][Full Text]
Park, D. Y., Sakamoto, H., Kirley, S. D., Ogino, S., Kawasaki, T., Kwon, E., Mino-Kenudson, M., Lauwers, G. Y., Chung, D. C., Rueda, B. R., Zukerberg, L. R.
(2007). The Cables Gene on Chromosome 18q Is Silenced by Promoter Hypermethylation and Allelic Loss in Human Colorectal Cancer. Am. J. Pathol.
171: 1509-1519
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hinoi, T., Akyol, A., Theisen, B. K., Ferguson, D. O., Greenson, J. K., Williams, B. O., Cho, K. R., Fearon, E. R.
(2007). Mouse Model of Colonic Adenoma-Carcinoma Progression Based on Somatic Apc Inactivation. Cancer Res.
67: 9721-9730
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wang, Y., Ma, Y., Lu, B., Xu, E., Huang, Q., Lai, M.
(2007). Differential Expression of Mimecan and Thioredoxin Domain Containing Protein 5 in Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Proteomic Study. Exp. Biol. Med.
232: 1152-1159
[Abstract][Full Text]
Harper, J., Yan, L., Loureiro, R. M., Wu, I., Fang, J., D'Amore, P. A., Moses, M. A.
(2007). Repression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression by the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor ZNF24. Cancer Res.
67: 8736-8741
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lanza, E., Yu, B., Murphy, G., Albert, P. S., Caan, B., Marshall, J. R., Lance, P., Paskett, E. D., Weissfeld, J., Slattery, M., Burt, R., Iber, F., Shike, M., Kikendall, J. W., Brewer, B. K., Schatzkin, A., the Polyp Prevention Trial Study Group,
(2007). The Polyp Prevention Trial Continued Follow-up Study: No Effect of a Low-Fat, High-Fiber, High-Fruit, and -Vegetable Diet on Adenoma Recurrence Eight Years after Randomization. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
16: 1745-1752
[Abstract][Full Text]
Berndt, S. I., Huang, W.-Y., Chatterjee, N., Yeager, M., Welch, R., Chanock, S. J., Weissfeld, J. L., Schoen, R. E., Hayes, R. B.
(2007). Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) gene polymorphisms and risk of advanced colorectal adenoma. Carcinogenesis
28: 1965-1970
[Abstract][Full Text]
Watari, J, Tanaka, A, Tanabe, H, Sato, R, Moriichi, K, Zaky, A, Okamoto, K, Maemoto, A, Fujiya, M, Ashida, T, Das, K M, Kohgo, Y
(2007). K-ras mutations and cell kinetics in Helicobacter pylori associated gastric intestinal metaplasia: a comparison before and after eradication in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. J. Clin. Pathol.
60: 921-926
[Abstract][Full Text]
Shah, Y. M., Morimura, K., Yang, Q., Tanabe, T., Takagi, M., Gonzalez, F. J.
(2007). Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {alpha} Regulates a MicroRNA-Mediated Signaling Cascade Responsible for Hepatocellular Proliferation. Mol. Cell. Biol.
27: 4238-4247
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jeon, S. H., Yoon, J.-Y., Park, Y.-N., Jeong, W.-J., Kim, S., Jho, E.-H., Surh, Y.-J., Choi, K.-Y.
(2007). Axin Inhibits Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway by Ras Degradation via beta-Catenin. J. Biol. Chem.
282: 14482-14492
[Abstract][Full Text]
Langley, R. R., Fidler, I. J.
(2007). Tumor Cell-Organ Microenvironment Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Cancer Metastasis. Endocr. Rev.
28: 297-321
[Abstract][Full Text]
de Maat, M. F.G., Umetani, N., Sunami, E., Turner, R. R., Hoon, D. S.B.
(2007). Assessment of Methylation Events during Colorectal Tumor Progression by Absolute Quantitative Analysis of Methylated Alleles. Mol Cancer Res
5: 461-471
[Abstract][Full Text]
Glei, M., Schaeferhenrich, A., Claussen, U., Kuechler, A., Liehr, T., Weise, A., Marian, B., Sendt, W., Pool-Zobel, B. L.
(2007). Comet Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Analysis for Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage in Colon Cancer Relevant Genes. Toxicol Sci
96: 279-284
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chiu, H.-M., Chang, C.-Y., Chen, C.-C., Lee, Y.-C., Wu, M.-S., Lin, J.-T., Shun, C.-T., Wang, H.-P.
(2007). A prospective comparative study of narrow-band imaging, chromoendoscopy, and conventional colonoscopy in the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia. Gut
56: 373-379
[Abstract][Full Text]
Model, F., Osborn, N., Ahlquist, D., Gruetzmann, R., Molnar, B., Sipos, F., Galamb, O., Pilarsky, C., Saeger, H.-D., Tulassay, Z., Hale, K., Mooney, S., Lograsso, J., Adorjan, P., Lesche, R., Dessauer, A., Kleiber, J., Porstmann, B., Sledziewski, A., Lofton-Day, C.
(2007). Identification and Validation of Colorectal Neoplasia-Specific Methylation Markers for Accurate Classification of Disease. Mol Cancer Res
5: 153-163
[Abstract][Full Text]
Watanabe, T., Kobunai, T., Toda, E., Kanazawa, T., Kazama, Y., Tanaka, J., Tanaka, T., Yamamoto, Y., Hata, K., Kojima, T., Yokoyama, T., Konishi, T., Okayama, Y., Sugimoto, Y., Oka, T., Sasaki, S., Ajioka, Y., Muto, T., Nagawa, H.
(2007). Gene Expression Signature and the Prediction of Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by DNA Microarray. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 415-420
[Abstract][Full Text]
Andersen, C. L., Wiuf, C., Kruhoffer, M., Korsgaard, M., Laurberg, S., Orntoft, T. F.
(2007). Frequent occurrence of uniparental disomy in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis
28: 38-48
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wong, J J L, Hawkins, N J, Ward, R L
(2007). Colorectal cancer: a model for epigenetic tumorigenesis. Gut
56: 140-148
[Full Text]
Yamaji, Y., Mitsushima, T., Yoshida, H., Watabe, H., Okamoto, M., Wada, R., Ikuma, H., Kawabe, T., Omata, M.
(2006). The Malignant Potential of Freshly Developed Colorectal Polyps According to Age. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 2418-2421
[Abstract][Full Text]
Popat, S, Chen, Z, Zhao, D, Pan, H, Hearle, N, Chandler, I, Shao, Y, Aherne, W, Houlston, R.
(2006). A prospective, blinded analysis of thymidylate synthase and p53 expression as prognostic markers in the adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol
17: 1810-1817
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bielas, J. H., Loeb, K. R., Rubin, B. P., True, L. D., Loeb, L. A.
(2006). From the Cover: Human cancers express a mutator phenotype. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103: 18238-18242
[Abstract][Full Text]
Locker, G. Y., Hamilton, S., Harris, J., Jessup, J. M., Kemeny, N., Macdonald, J. S., Somerfield, M. R., Hayes, D. F., Bast, R. C. Jr
(2006). ASCO 2006 Update of Recommendations for the Use of Tumor Markers in Gastrointestinal Cancer. JCO
24: 5313-5327
[Abstract][Full Text]
Okamoto, H., Li, J., Vortmeyer, A. O., Jaffe, H., Lee, Y.-S., Glasker, S., Sohn, T.-S., Zeng, W., Ikejiri, B., Proescholdt, M. A., Mayer, C., Weil, R. J., Oldfield, E. H., Zhuang, Z.
(2006). Comparative proteomic profiles of meningioma subtypes.. Cancer Res.
66: 10199-10204
[Abstract][Full Text]
Young, J., Jass, J. R.
(2006). The case for a genetic predisposition to serrated neoplasia in the colorectum: hypothesis and review of the literature.. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 1778-1784
[Abstract][Full Text]
Preston, S L, Jankowski, J A
(2006). Drinking from the fountain of promise: biomarkers in the surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus--the glass is half full!. Gut
55: 1377-1379
[Full Text]
Weiss, K. M
(2006). Commentary: Evolution of action in cells and organisms. Int J Epidemiol
35: 1159-1160
[Full Text]
Cardiff, R. D., Gregg, J. P., Miller, J. W., Axelrod, D. E., Borowsky, A. D.
(2006). Histopathology as a Predictive Biomarker: Strengths and Limitations. J. Nutr.
136: 2673S-2675S
[Full Text]
Shibata, R., Mori, T., Du, W., Chuma, M., Gotoh, M., Shimazu, M., Ueda, M., Hirohashi, S., Sakamoto, M.
(2006). Overexpression of cyclase-associated protein 2 in multistage hepatocarcinogenesis.. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 5363-5368
[Abstract][Full Text]
Einspahr, J. G., Martinez, M. E., Jiang, R., Hsu, C.-H., Bhattacharrya, A. K., Ahnen, D. J., Jacobs, E. T., Houlihan, P. S., Webb, C. R., Alberts, D. S., Hamilton, S. R.
(2006). Associations of Ki-ras Proto-oncogene Mutation and p53 Gene Overexpression in Sporadic Colorectal Adenomas with Demographic and Clinicopathologic Characteristics.. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 1443-1450
[Abstract][Full Text]
Anderson, W. F., Matsuno, R.
(2006). Breast cancer heterogeneity: a mixture of at least two main types?. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
98: 948-951
[Full Text]
Polley, A. C.J., Mulholland, F., Pin, C., Williams, E. A., Bradburn, D. M., Mills, S. J., Mathers, J. C., Johnson, I. T.
(2006). Proteomic Analysis Reveals Field-Wide Changes in Protein Expression in the Morphologically Normal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Neoplasia.. Cancer Res.
66: 6553-6562
[Abstract][Full Text]
Greenspan, E. J., Jablonski, M. A., Rajan, T. V., Levine, J., Belinsky, G. S., Rosenberg, D. W.
(2006). Epigenetic alterations in RASSF1A in human aberrant crypt foci. Carcinogenesis
27: 1316-1322
[Abstract][Full Text]
Raz, D. J., He, B., Rosell, R., Jablons, D. M.
(2006). Current concepts in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma biology.. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 3698-3704
[Full Text]
Kelloff, G. J., Lippman, S. M., Dannenberg, A. J., Sigman, C. C., Pearce, H. L., Reid, B. J., Szabo, E., Jordan, V. C., Spitz, M. R., Mills, G. B., Papadimitrakopoulou, V. A., Lotan, R., Aggarwal, B. B., Bresalier, R. S., Kim, J., Arun, B., Lu, K. H., Thomas, M. E., Rhodes, H. E., Brewer, M. A., Follen, M., Shin, D. M., Parnes, H. L., Siegfried, J. M., Evans, A. A., Blot, W. J., Chow, W.-H., Blount, P. L., Maley, C. C., Wang, K. K., Lam, S., Lee, J. J., Dubinett, S. M., Engstrom, P. F., Meyskens, F. L. Jr., O'Shaughnessy, J., Hawk, E. T., Levin, B., Nelson, W. G., Hong, W. K., for the AACR Task Force on Cancer Prevention,
(2006). Progress in Chemoprevention Drug Development: The Promise of Molecular Biomarkers for Prevention of Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cancer--A Plan to Move Forward. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 3661-3697
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sivarajasingham, N. S., Cawkwell, L., Baker, R. P., O'Kane, S. L., Smyth, E. F., Tilsed, J. V. T., Watson, M. B., Greenman, J., Monson, J. R. T.
(2006). Implication of the BRCA2 and Putative ''BRCA3'' Genes in Dukes' Stage C, Replication Error-Negative Colon Cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol.
13: 881-886
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cohen, G., Mustafi, R., Chumsangsri, A., Little, N., Nathanson, J., Cerda, S., Jagadeeswaran, S., Dougherty, U., Joseph, L., Hart, J., Yerian, L., Tretiakova, M., Yuan, W., Obara, P., Khare, S., Sinicrope, F. A., Fichera, A., Boss, G. R., Carroll, R., Bissonnette, M.
(2006). Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Is Up-regulated in Human Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci. Cancer Res.
66: 5656-5664
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jover, R, Zapater, P, Castells, A, Llor, X, Andreu, M, Cubiella, J, Pinol, V, Xicola, R M, Bujanda, L, Rene, J M, Clofent, J, Bessa, X, Morillas, J D, Nicolas-Perez, D, Paya, A, Alenda, C, for the Gastrointestinal Oncology Group of the Spa,
(2006). Mismatch repair status in the prediction of benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Gut
55: 848-855
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ferretti, G., Felici, A., Ciccarese, M., Papaldo, P., Carlini, P., Fabi, A., Gelibter, A., Cognetti, F.
(2006). Molecular stool testing for the early detection of colorectal cancer: swan song for p53?. Ann Oncol
17: 1026-1026
[Full Text]
Luo, L., Shen, G.-Q., Stiffler, K. A., Wang, Q. K., Pretlow, T. G., Pretlow, T. P.
(2006). Loss of heterozygosity in human aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a putative precursor of colon cancer. Carcinogenesis
27: 1153-1159
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bergmann, F, Aulmann, S, Wente, M N, Penzel, R, Esposito, I, Kleeff, J, Friess, H, Schirmacher, P
(2006). Molecular characterisation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in patients under 40. J. Clin. Pathol.
59: 580-584
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kamangar, F., Dores, G. M., Anderson, W. F.
(2006). Patterns of Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Prevalence Across Five Continents: Defining Priorities to Reduce Cancer Disparities in Different Geographic Regions of the World. JCO
24: 2137-2150
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sugai, T., Habano, W., Jiao, Y.-F., Tsukahara, M., Takeda, Y., Otsuka, K., Nakamura, S.-i.
(2006). Analysis of Molecular Alterations in Left- and Right-Sided Colorectal Carcinomas Reveals Distinct Pathways of Carcinogenesis: Proposal for New Molecular Profile of Colorectal Carcinomas. J. Mol. Diagn.
8: 193-201
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ishiguro, K, Yoshida, T, Yagishita, H, Numata, Y, Okayasu, T
(2006). Epithelial and stromal genetic instability contributes to genesis of colorectal adenomas. Gut
55: 695-702
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sinicrope, F. A., Rego, R. L., Halling, K. C., Foster, N. R., Sargent, D. J., La Plant, B., French, A. J., Allegra, C. J., Laurie, J. A., Goldberg, R. M., Witzig, T. E., Thibodeau, S. N.
(2006). Thymidylate synthase expression in colon carcinomas with microsatellite instability.. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 2738-2744
[Abstract][Full Text]
Umetani, N., de Maat, M. F.G., Sunami, E., Hiramatsu, S., Martinez, S., Hoon, D. S.B.
(2006). Methylation of p16 and Ras Association Domain Family Protein 1a during Colorectal Malignant Transformation. Mol Cancer Res
4: 303-309
[Abstract][Full Text]
Irby, K., Anderson, W. F., Henson, D. E., Devesa, S. S.
(2006). Emerging and widening colorectal carcinoma disparities between blacks and whites in the United States (1975-2002).. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 792-797
[Abstract][Full Text]
Qiu, W., Schonleben, F., Li, X., Ho, D. J., Close, L. G., Manolidis, S., Bennett, B. P., Su, G. H.
(2006). PIK3CA Mutations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 1441-1446
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wada-Hiraike, O., Imamov, O., Hiraike, H., Hultenby, K., Schwend, T., Omoto, Y., Warner, M., Gustafsson, J.-A.
(2006). Role of estrogen receptor beta in colonic epithelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103: 2959-2964
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cunningham, S. C., Kamangar, F., Kim, M. P., Hammoud, S., Haque, R., Iacobuzio-Donahue, C. A., Maitra, A., Ashfaq, R., Hustinx, S., Heitmiller, R. E., Choti, M. A., Lillemoe, K. D., Cameron, J. L., Yeo, C. J., Schulick, R. D., Montgomery, E.
(2006). Claudin-4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4, and stratifin are markers of gastric adenocarcinoma precursor lesions.. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 281-287
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wali, A., Srinivasan, R., Shabnam, M. S., Majumdar, S., Joshi, K., Behera, D.
(2006). Loss of Fragile Histidine Triad Gene Expression in Advanced Lung Cancer Is Consequent to Allelic Loss at 3p14 Locus and Promoter Methylation. Mol Cancer Res
4: 93-99
[Abstract][Full Text]
Oshikiri, T., Miyamoto, M., Morita, T., Fujita, M., Miyasaka, Y., Senmaru, N., Yamada, H., Takahashi, T., Horita, S., Kondo, S.
(2006). Tumor-Associated Antigen Recognized by the 22-1-1 Monoclonal Antibody Encourages Colorectal Cancer Progression under the Scanty CD8+ T Cells. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 411-416
[Abstract][Full Text]
Haydon, A M M, MacInnis, R J, English, D R, Giles, G G
(2006). Effect of physical activity and body size on survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer. Gut
55: 62-67
[Abstract][Full Text]
Obama, K., Kato, T., Hasegawa, S., Satoh, S., Nakamura, Y., Furukawa, Y.
(2006). Overexpression of Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase-Like 1 Is Associated with the Growth of Colon Cancer Cells. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 70-76
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mullin, J. M., Leatherman, J. M., Valenzano, M. C., Huerta, E. R., Verrechio, J., Smith, D. M., Snetselaar, K., Liu, M., Francis, M. K., Sell, C.
(2005). Ras Mutation Impairs Epithelial Barrier Function to a Wide Range of Nonelectrolytes. Mol. Biol. Cell
16: 5538-5550
[Abstract][Full Text]
Burden, C., Rose, D., Daniels, I. R
(2005). Bowel cancer: the outcome is improving. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health
125: 255-258
[Abstract]
Dube, N., Bourdeau, A., Heinonen, K. M., Cheng, A., Lee Loy, A., Tremblay, M. L.
(2005). Genetic Ablation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Accelerates Lymphomagenesis of p53-Null Mice through the Regulation of B-Cell Development. Cancer Res.
65: 10088-10095
[Abstract][Full Text]
Feltmate, C. M., Lee, K. R., Johnson, M., Schorge, J. O., Wong, K.-k., Hao, K., Welch, W. R., Bell, D. A., Berkowitz, R. S., Mok, S. C.
(2005). Whole-Genome Allelotyping Identified Distinct Loss-of-Heterozygosity Patterns in Mucinous Ovarian and Appendiceal Carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res.
11: 7651-7657
[Abstract][Full Text]
Patmore, H. S., Cawkwell, L., Stafford, N. D., Greenman, J.
(2005). Unraveling the Chromosomal Aberrations of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review. Ann. Surg. Oncol.
12: 831-842
[Abstract][Full Text]
de Leng, W W J, Keller, J J, Luiten, S, Musler, A R, Jansen, M, Baas, A F, de Rooij, F W M, Gille, J J P, Menko, F H, Offerhaus, G J A, Weterman, M A J
(2005). STRAD in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and sporadic cancers. J. Clin. Pathol.
58: 1091-1095
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kawabata, T., Takahashi, K., Sugai, M., Murashima-Suginami, A., Ando, S., Shimizu, A., Kosugi, S., Sato, T., Nishida, M., Murakami, K., Iizuka, T.
(2005). Polymorphisms in PTCH1 Affect the Risk of Ameloblastoma. J. Dent. Res.
84: 812-816
[Abstract][Full Text]
Boland, C R, Luciani, M G, Gasche, C, Goel, A
(2005). INFECTION, INFLAMMATION, AND GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER. Gut
54: 1321-1331
[Full Text]
Conlin, A, Smith, G, Carey, F A, Wolf, C R, Steele, R J C
(2005). The prognostic significance of K-ras, p53, and APC mutations in colorectal carcinoma. Gut
54: 1283-1286
[Abstract][Full Text]
Alhopuro, P., Alazzouzi, H., Sammalkorpi, H., Davalos, V., Salovaara, R., Hemminki, A., Jarvinen, H., Mecklin, J.-P., Schwartz, S. Jr., Aaltonen, L. A., Arango, D.
(2005). SMAD4 Levels and Response to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
11: 6311-6316
[Abstract][Full Text]
Appels, N. M.G.M., Beijnen, J. H., Schellens, J. H.M.
(2005). Development of Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitors: A Review. The Oncologist
10: 565-578
[Abstract][Full Text]
van der Woude, C J, Moshage, H, Homan, M, Kleibeuker, J H, Jansen, P L M, van Dekken, H
(2005). Expression of apoptosis related proteins during malignant progression in chronic ulcerative colitis. J. Clin. Pathol.
58: 811-814
[Abstract][Full Text]
de Vogel, J., Jonker-Termont, D. S. M. L., Katan, M. B., van der Meer, R.
(2005). Natural Chlorophyll but Not Chlorophyllin Prevents Heme-Induced Cytotoxic and Hyperproliferative Effects in Rat Colon. J. Nutr.
135: 1995-2000
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rahnenfuhrer, J., Beerenwinkel, N., Schulz, W. A., Hartmann, C., von Deimling, A., Wullich, B., Lengauer, T.
(2005). Estimating cancer survival and clinical outcome based on genetic tumor progression scores. Bioinformatics
21: 2438-2446
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tai, I. T., Dai, M., Chen, L. B.
(2005). Periostin induction in tumor cell line explants and inhibition of in vitro cell growth by anti-periostin antibodies. Carcinogenesis
26: 908-915
[Abstract][Full Text]
Beerenwinkel, N., Rahnenfuhrer, J., Kaiser, R., Hoffmann, D., Selbig, J., Lengauer, T.
(2005). Mtreemix: a software package for learning and using mixture models of mutagenetic trees. Bioinformatics
21: 2106-2107
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kim, E. S., Hong, W. K.
(2005). An Apple a Day...Does It Really Keep the Doctor Away? The Current State of Cancer Chemoprevention. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
97: 468-470
[Full Text]
Alazzouzi, H., Alhopuro, P., Salovaara, R., Sammalkorpi, H., Jarvinen, H., Mecklin, J.-P., Hemminki, A., Schwartz, S. Jr., Aaltonen, L. A., Arango, D.
(2005). SMAD4 as a Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
11: 2606-2611
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mizoue, T., Yamaji, T., Tabata, S., Yamaguchi, K., Shimizu, E., Mineshita, M., Ogawa, S., Kono, S.
(2005). Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Adenomas in Japanese Men: The Self-Defense Forces Health Study. Am J Epidemiol
161: 338-345
[Abstract][Full Text]
Nishida, K., Mine, S., Utsunomiya, T., Inoue, H., Okamoto, M., Udagawa, H., Hanai, T., Mori, M.
(2005). Global Analysis of Altered Gene Expressions during the Process of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinogenesis in the Rat: A Study Combined with a Laser Microdissection and a cDNA Microarray. Cancer Res.
65: 401-409
[Abstract][Full Text]
