FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Volume 331:213-221 July 28, 1994 Number 4 Next

	Full Text Letters Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background Colorectal cancer occurs in approximately 150,000 people each year in the United States. Prognostic assessment influences the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, including decisions about adjuvant therapy. We evaluated chromosome 18q allelic loss, a genetic event associated with tumor progression, as a prognostic marker for this disease.

Methods We developed procedures to examine the status of chromosome 18q with microsatellite markers and DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. Allelic loss of chromosome 18q was assessed in 145 consecutively resected stage II or III colorectal carcinomas.

Results Among patients with stage II disease, the five-year survival rate was 93 percent in those whose tumor had no evidence of allelic loss of chromosome 18q and 54 percent in those with allelic loss; among patients with stage III disease, survival was 52 and 38 percent, respectively. The overall estimated hazard ratio for death in patients whose tumor had chromosome 18q allelic loss was 2.83 (P = 0.008) according to univariate analysis. Furthermore, chromosome 18q allelic loss remained a strong predictive factor (hazard ratio for death, 2.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.06 to 5.71; P = 0.036) after adjustment for all other evaluated factors, including tumor differentiation, vein invasion, and TNM stage.

Conclusions The status of chromosome 18q has strong prognostic value in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. The prognosis in patients with stage II cancer and chromosome 18q allelic loss is similar to that in patients with stage III cancer, who are thought to benefit from adjuvant therapy. In contrast, patients with stage II disease who do not have chromosome 18q allelic loss in their tumor have a survival rate similar to that of patients with stage I disease and may not require additional therapy.

Source Information

From the Departments of Oncology (J.J., S.P., K.W.K., B.V., S.R.H.), Pathology (H.K., S.R.H.), and Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Z.-F.L., R.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore; and the Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki, Finland (P.S.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Hamilton at the Department of Pathology, Ross Bldg., Rm. 632, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore, MD 21205-2196

Full Text of this Article

Related Letters:

Alleles Lost and Gained in Malignant Cells
Chen P.-J., Yeh S.-H., Chen D.-S., Burke H. B., Hamilton S. R., Jen J., Vogelstein B.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1994; 331:1591-1592, Dec 8, 1994. Correspondence

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Ogino, S., Nosho, K., Irahara, N., Shima, K., Baba, Y., Kirkner, G. J., Meyerhardt, J. A., Fuchs, C. S. (2009). Prognostic Significance and Molecular Associations of 18q Loss of Heterozygosity: A Cohort Study of Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancers. JCO 27: 4591-4598 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Waldman, S. A., Hyslop, T., Schulz, S., Barkun, A., Nielsen, K., Haaf, J., Bonaccorso, C., Li, Y., Weinberg, D. S. (2009). Association of GUCY2C Expression in Lymph Nodes With Time to Recurrence and Disease-Free Survival in pN0 Colorectal Cancer. JAMA 301: 745-752 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• BUHMEIDA, A., HILSKA, M., ELZAGHEID, A., LAATO, M., COLLAN, Y., SYRJANEN, K., PYRHONEN, S. (2009). DNA Image Cytometry Predicts Disease Outcome in Stage II Colorectal Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 29: 99-106 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lenz, H.-J. (2009). Established Biomarkers for Colon Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Ed Book 2009: 215-219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bamias, A, Yu, Z, Weinberger, P., Markakis, S, Kowalski, D, Camp, R., Rimm, D., Dimopoulos, M., Psyrri, A (2006). Automated quantitative analysis of DCC tumor suppressor protein in ovarian cancer tissue microarray shows association with {beta}-catenin levels and outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 17: 1797-1802 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Locker, G. Y., Hamilton, S., Harris, J., Jessup, J. M., Kemeny, N., Macdonald, J. S., Somerfield, M. R., Hayes, D. F., Bast, R. C. Jr (2006). ASCO 2006 Update of Recommendations for the Use of Tumor Markers in Gastrointestinal Cancer. JCO 24: 5313-5327 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Paroder, V., Spencer, S. R., Paroder, M., Arango, D., Schwartz, S. Jr., Mariadason, J. M., Augenlicht, L. H., Eskandari, S., Carrasco, N. (2006). Na+/monocarboxylate transport (SMCT) protein expression correlates with survival in colon cancer: Molecular characterization of SMCT. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 7270-7275 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adams, V. R. (2006). Evolving role of antineoplastic agents in colorectal cancer. Am J Health Syst Pharm 63: S4-S11 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Watanabe, T., Kanazawa, T., Kazama, Y., Tanaka, J., Tanaka, T., Ishihara, S., Nagawa, H. (2006). SMAD4 Levels and Allelic Imbalance in 18q21 in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 1654-1654 [Full Text]  
• Arango, D., Alhopuro, P., Aaltonen, L. A. (2006). Reply to the Letter to the Editor by Watanabe et al.. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 1654-1655 [Full Text]  
• Orita, H., Sakamoto, N., Ajioka, Y., Terai, T., Hino, O., Sato, N., Shimoda, T., Kamano, T., Tsurumaru, M., Fujii, H. (2006). Allelic loss analysis of early-stage flat-type colorectal tumors. Ann Oncol 17: 43-49 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Erill, N., Colomer, A., Calvo, M., Vidal, A., Roman, R., Verdu, M., Cordon-Cardo, C., Puig, X. (2005). A Novel Multiplexing, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Assay for the Analysis of Chromosome 18q Status in Colorectal Cancer. J. Mol. Diagn. 7: 478-485 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alhopuro, P., Alazzouzi, H., Sammalkorpi, H., Davalos, V., Salovaara, R., Hemminki, A., Jarvinen, H., Mecklin, J.-P., Schwartz, S. Jr., Aaltonen, L. A., Arango, D. (2005). SMAD4 Levels and Response to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 11: 6311-6316 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baddi, L., Benson, A. III (2005). Adjuvant Therapy in Stage II Colon Cancer: Current Approaches. The Oncologist 10: 325-331 [Full Text]  
• Johnston, P. G. (2005). Stage II Colorectal Cancer: To Treat or not to Treat. The Oncologist 10: 332-334 [Full Text]  
• Kim, J., Takeuchi, H., Lam, S. T., Turner, R. R., Wang, H.-J., Kuo, C., Foshag, L., Bilchik, A. J., Hoon, D. S.B. (2005). Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Patients Increases the Risk for Recurrence and for Poor Survival. JCO 23: 2744-2753 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alazzouzi, H., Alhopuro, P., Salovaara, R., Sammalkorpi, H., Jarvinen, H., Mecklin, J.-P., Hemminki, A., Schwartz, S. Jr., Aaltonen, L. A., Arango, D. (2005). SMAD4 as a Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 11: 2606-2611 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Aschele, C., Debernardis, D., Lonardi, S., Bandelloni, R., Casazza, S., Monfardini, S., Gallo, L. (2004). Deleted in Colon Cancer Protein Expression in Colorectal Cancer Metastases: A Major Predictor of Survival in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Disease Receiving Palliative Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy. JCO 22: 3758-3765 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zaniboni, A., Labianca, R. (2004). Adjuvant therapy for stage II colon cancer: an elephant in the living room?. Ann Oncol 15: 1310-1318 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zauber, N P, Wang, C, Lee, P S, Redondo, T C, Bishop, D T, Goel, A (2004). Ki-ras gene mutations, LOH of the APC and DCC genes, and microsatellite instability in primary colorectal carcinoma are not associated with micrometastases in pericolonic lymph nodes or with patients' survival. J. Clin. Pathol. 57: 938-942 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mehlen, P., Fearon, E. R. (2004). Role of the Dependence Receptor DCC in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis. JCO 22: 3420-3428 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kambara, T., Sharp, G. B., Nagasaka, T., Takeda, M., Sasamoto, H., Nakagawa, H., Isozaki, H., MacPhee, D. G., Jass, J. R., Tanaka, N., Matsubara, N. (2004). Allelic Loss of a Common Microsatellite Marker MYCL1: A Useful Prognostic Factor of Poor Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 10: 1758-1763 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Garcia, J M, Rodriguez, R, Dominguez, G, Silva, J M, Provencio, M, Silva, J, Colmenarejo, A, Millan, I, Munoz, C, Salas, C, Coca, S, Espana, P, Bonilla, F (2003). Prognostic significance of the allelic loss of the BRCA1 gene in colorectal cancer. Gut 52: 1756-1763 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ward, R. L., Cheong, K., Ku, S.-L., Meagher, A., O'Connor, T., Hawkins, N. J. (2003). Adverse Prognostic Effect of Methylation in Colorectal Cancer Is Reversed by Microsatellite Instability. JCO 21: 3729-3736 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Graziano, F., Cascinu, S. (2003). Prognostic molecular markers for planning adjuvant chemotherapy trials in Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients: how much evidence is enough?. Ann Oncol 14: 1026-1038 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ferenci, P (2003). How to identify the genetic basis of gastrointestinal and liver diseases?. Gut 52: ii6-9 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Diep, C. B., Thorstensen, L., Meling, G. I., Skovlund, E., Rognum, T. O., Lothe, R. A. (2003). Genetic Tumor Markers With Prognostic Impact in Dukes' Stages B and C Colorectal Cancer Patients. JCO 21: 820-829 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Choi, S.-W., Lee, K. J., Bae, Y.-A., Min, K.-O., Kwon, M.-S., Kim, K.-M., Rhyu, M.-G. (2002). Genetic Classification of Colorectal Cancer Based on Chromosomal Loss and Microsatellite Instability Predicts Survival. Clin. Cancer Res. 8: 2311-2322 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wudel, L. J. Jr, Chapman, W. C., Shyr, Y., Davidson, M., Jeyakumar, A., Rogers, S. O. Jr, Allos, T., Stain, S. C. (2002). Disparate Outcomes in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: Effect of Race on Long-term Survival. Arch Surg 137: 550-556 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bepler, G., Gautam, A., McIntyre, L. M., Beck, A. F., Chervinsky, D. S., Kim, Y.-C., Pitterle, D. M., Hyland, A. (2002). Prognostic Significance of Molecular Genetic Aberrations on Chromosome Segment 11p15.5 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JCO 20: 1353-1360 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shirota, Y., Stoehlmacher, J., Brabender, J., Xiong, Y.-P., Uetake, H., Danenberg, K. D., Groshen, S., Tsao-Wei, D. D., Danenberg, P. V., Lenz, H.-J. (2001). ERCC1 and Thymidylate Synthase mRNA Levels Predict Survival for Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving Combination Oxaliplatin and Fluorouracil Chemotherapy. JCO 19: 4298-4304 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Houlston, R S (2001). What we could do now: molecular pathology of colorectal cancer. Mol. Pathol. 54: 206-214 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dong, S. M., Traverso, G., Johnson, C., Geng, L., Favis, R., Boynton, K., Hibi, K., Goodman, S. N., D'Allessio, M., Paty, P., Hamilton, S. R., Sidransky, D., Barany, F., Levin, B., Shuber, A., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B., Jen, J. (2001). Detecting Colorectal Cancer in Stool With the Use of Multiple Genetic Targets. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 93: 858-865 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Watanabe, T., Wu, T.-T., Catalano, P. J., Ueki, T., Satriano, R., Haller, D. G., Benson, A. B., Hamilton, S. R. (2001). Molecular Predictors of Survival after Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer. NEJM 344: 1196-1206 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishikawa, M., Nishiguchi, S., Shiomi, S., Tamori, A., Koh, N., Takeda, T., Kubo, S., Hirohashi, K., Kinoshita, H., Sato, E., Inoue, M. (2001). Somatic Mutation of Mitochondrial DNA in Cancerous and Noncancerous Liver Tissue in Individuals with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res. 61: 1843-1845 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, J., Fan, Z., Gao, Y., Xiao, Z., Li, C., An, Q., Cheng, S. (2001). Detecting Bladder Cancer in the Chinese by Microsatellite Analysis: Ethnic and Etiologic Considerations. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 93: 45-50 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhao, J., de Krijger, R. R., Meier, D., Speel, E.-J. M., Saremaslani, P., Muletta-Feurer, S., Matter, C., Roth, J., Heitz, P. U., Komminoth, P. (2000). Genomic Alterations in Well-Differentiated Gastrointestinal and Bronchial Neuroendocrine Tumors (Carcinoids) : Marked Differences Indicating Diversity in Molecular Pathogenesis. Am. J. Pathol. 157: 1431-1438 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• SHAHRIER, M, AHNEN, D J (2000). Colorectal cancer survival in Europe: the Will Rogers phenomenon revisited. Gut 47: 463-464 [Full Text]  
• de Caestecker, M. P., Piek, E., Roberts, A. B. (2000). Role of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Cancer. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 92: 1388-1402 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Takebayashi, S., Ogawa, T., Jung, K.-Y., Muallem, A., Mineta, H., Fisher, S. G., Grenman, R., Carey, T. E. (2000). Identification of New Minimally Lost Regions on 18q in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Res. 60: 3397-3403 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sarela, A I, Macadam, R C A, Farmery, S M, Markham, A F, Guillou, P J (2000). Expression of the antiapoptosis gene, Survivin, predicts death from recurrent colorectal carcinoma. Gut 46: 645-650 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yokota, J. (2000). Tumor progression and metastasis. Carcinogenesis 21: 497-503 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Berg, K. D., Glaser, C. L., Thompson, R. E., Hamilton, S. R., Griffin, C. A., Eshleman, J. R. (2000). Detection of Microsatellite Instability by Fluorescence Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. J. Mol. Diagn. 2: 20-28 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Offit, K. (2000). Genetic Prognostic Markers for Colorectal Cancer. NEJM 342: 124-125 [Full Text]  
• Cagir, B., Gelmann, A., Park, J., Fava, T., Tankelevitch, A., Bittner, E. W., Weaver, E. J., Palazzo, J. P., Weinberg, D., Fry, R. D., Waldman, S. A. (1999). Guanylyl Cyclase C Messenger RNA Is a Biomarker for Recurrent Stage II Colorectal Cancer. ANN INTERN MED 131: 805-812 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Arribas, R., Ribas, M., Risques, R.-A., Masramon, L., Tortola, S., Marcuello, E., Aiza, G., Miro, R., Capella, G., Peinado, M. A. (1999). Prospective Assessment of Allelic Losses at 4p14-16 in Colorectal Cancer: Two Mutational Patterns and a Locus Associated with Poorer Survival. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 3454-3459 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Halling, K. C., French, A. J., McDonnell, S. K., Burgart, L. J., Schaid, D. J., Peterson, B. J., Moon-Tasson, L., Mahoney, M. R., Sargent, D. J., O'Connell, M. J., Witzig, T. E., Farr, G. H. Jr., Goldberg, R. M., Thibodeau, S. N. (1999). Microsatellite Instability and 8p Allelic Imbalance in Stage B2 and C Colorectal Cancers. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 91: 1295-1303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lanza, G., Gafa, R., Matteuzzi, M., Santini, A. (1999). Medullary-Type Poorly Differentiated Adenocarcinoma of the Large Bowel: A Distinct Clinicopathologic Entity Characterized by Microsatellite Instability and Improved Survival. JCO 17: 2429-2429 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liu, L U, Holt, P R, Krivosheyev, V, Moss, S F (1999). Human right and left colon differ in epithelial cell apoptosis and in expression of Bak, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homologue. Gut 45: 45-50 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sun, X.-F., Rutten, S., Zhang, H., Nordenskjold, B. (1999). Expression of the Deleted in Colorectal Cancer Gene Is Related to Prognosis in DNA Diploid and Low Proliferative Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. JCO 17: 1745-1745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rashid, A, Zahurak, M, Goodman, S N, Hamilton, S R (1999). Genetic epidemiology of mutated K-ras proto-oncogene, altered suppressor genes, and microsatellite instability in colorectal adenomas. Gut 44: 826-833 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Willenbucher, R. F., Aust, D. E., Chang, C. G., Zelman, S. J., Ferrell, L. D., Moore, D. H. II, Waldman, F. M. (1999). Genomic Instability Is an Early Event during the Progression Pathway of Ulcerative-Colitis-Related Neoplasia. Am. J. Pathol. 154: 1825-1830 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mamounas, E., Wieand, S., Wolmark, N., Bear, H. D., Atkins, J. N., Song, K., Jones, J., Rockette, H. (1999). Comparative Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Dukes' B Versus Dukes' C Colon Cancer: Results From Four National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Adjuvant Studies (C-01, C-02, C-03, and C-04). JCO 17: 1349-1349 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Paulson, T. G., Galipeau, P. C., Reid, B. J. (1999). Loss of Heterozygosity Analysis Using Whole Genome Amplification, Cell Sorting, and Fluorescence-Based PCR. Genome Res 9: 482-491 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fujiwara, Y., Chi, D. D. J., Wang, H., Keleman, P., Morton, D. L., Turner, R., Hoon, D. S. B. (1999). Plasma DNA Microsatellites as Tumor-specific Markers and Indicators of Tumor Progression in Melanoma Patients. Cancer Res. 59: 1567-1571 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mueller, J. D., Haegle, N., Keller, G., Mueller, E., Saretzky, G., Bethke, B., Stolte, M., Hofler, H. (1998). Loss of Heterozygosity and Microsatellite Instability in De Novo versus Ex-Adenoma Carcinomas of the Colorectum. Am. J. Pathol. 153: 1977-1984 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fujiwara, T., Stolker, J. M., Watanabe, T., Rashid, A., Longo, P., Eshleman, J. R., Booker, S., Lynch, H. T., Jass, J. R., Green, J. S., Kim, H., Jen, J., Vogelstein, B., Hamilton, S. R. (1998). Accumulated Clonal Genetic Alterations in Familial and Sporadic Colorectal Carcinomas with Widespread Instability in Microsatellite Sequences. Am. J. Pathol. 153: 1063-1078 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liefers, G.-J., Cleton-Jansen, A.-M., van de Velde, C. J.H., Hermans, J., van Krieken, J. H.J.M., Cornelisse, C. J., Tollenaar, R. A.E.M. (1998). Micrometastases and Survival in Stage II Colorectal Cancer. NEJM 339: 223-228 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Caldas, C. (1998). Science, medicine, and the future: Molecular assessment of cancer. BMJ 316: 1360-1363 [Full Text]  
• Jones, J. W., Raval, J. R., Beals, T. F., Worsham, M. J., Van Dyke, D. L., Esclamado, R. M., Wolf, G. T., Bradford, C. R., Miller, T., Carey, T. E. (1997). Frequent Loss of Heterozygosity on Chromosome Arm 18q in Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Identification of 2 Regions of Loss--18q11.1-q12.3 and 18q21.1-q23. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123: 610-614 [Abstract]  
• Pricolo, V. E., Finkelstein, S. D., Hansen, K., Cole, B. F., Bland, K. I. (1997). Mutated p53 Gene Is an Independent Adverse Predictor of Survival in Colon Carcinoma. Arch Surg 132: 371-375 [Abstract]  
• Shibata, D., Reale, M. A., Lavin, P., Silverman, M., Fearon, E. R., Steele, G., Jessup, J. M., Loda, M., Summerhayes, I. C. (1996). The DCC Protein and Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer. NEJM 335: 1727-1732 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Parsons, R, Li, G., Longley, M, Modrich, P, Liu, B, Berk, T, Hamilton, SR, Kinzler, K., Vogelstein, B (1995). Mismatch repair deficiency in phenotypically normal human cells. Science 268: 738-740 [Abstract]  
• Hamilton, S. R., Liu, B., Parsons, R. E., Papadopoulos, N., Jen, J., Powell, S. M., Krush, A. J., Berk, T., Cohen, Z., Tetu, B., Burger, P. C., Wood, P. A., Taqi, F., Booker, S. V., Petersen, G. M., Offerhaus, G. J. A., Tersmette, A. C., Giardiello, F. M., Vogelstein, B., Kinzler, K. W. (1995). The Molecular Basis of Turcot's Syndrome. NEJM 332: 839-847 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Toribara, N. W., Sleisenger, M. H. (1995). Screening for Colorectal Cancer. NEJM 332: 861-867 [Full Text]  
• Forgacs, I. (1995). Recent Advances: Clinical gastroenterology. BMJ 310: 113-116 [Full Text]  
• Chen, P.-J., Yeh, S.-H., Chen, D.-S., Burke, H. B., Hamilton, S. R., Jen, J., Vogelstein, B. (1994). Alleles Lost and Gained in Malignant Cells. NEJM 331: 1591-1592 [Full Text]  
• (1994). GENETIC MARKERS AND PROGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL CANCER. JWatch General 1994: 4-4 [Full Text]  
• Tempero, M., Anderson, J. (1994). Progress in Colon Cancer -- Do Molecular Markers Matter?. NEJM 331: 267-268 [Full Text]  
• Fearon, E.R., Ekstrand, B.C., Hu, G., Pierceall, W.E., Reale, M.A., Bigner, S.H. (1994). Studies of the Deleted in Colorectal Cancer Gene in Normal and Neoplastic Tissues. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 59: 637-643 [Abstract]