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Volume 333:1165-1170 November 2, 1995 Number 18 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background The proportion of U.S. adults 35 to 74 years of age who were overweight increased by 9.6 percent for men and 8.0 percent for women between 1978 and 1990. Since the prevalence of smoking declined over the same period, smoking cessation has been suggested as a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of overweight.

Methods To estimate the influence of smoking cessation on the increase in the prevalence of overweight, we analyzed data on current and past weight and smoking status for a national sample of 5247 adults 35 years of age or older who participated in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted from 1988 through 1991. The results were adjusted for age, sociodemographic characteristics, level of physical activity, alcohol consumption, and (for women) parity.

Results The weight gain over a 10-year period that was associated with the cessation of smoking (i.e., the gain among smokers who quit that was in excess of the gain among continuing smokers) was 4.4 kg for men and 5.0 kg for women. Smokers who had quit within the past 10 years were significantly more likely than respondents who had never smoked to become overweight (odds ratios, 2.4 for men and 2.0 for women). For men, about a quarter (2.3 of 9.6 percentage points) and for women, about a sixth (1.3 of 8.0 percentage points) of the increase in the prevalence of overweight could be attributed to smoking cessation within the past 10 years.

Conclusions Although its health benefits are undeniable, smoking cessation may nevertheless be associated with a small increase in the prevalence of overweight.

Source Information

From the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Flegal at the National Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Rd., Rm. 900, Hyattsville, MD 20782.

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