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Previous Volume 334:1292-1297 May 16, 1996 Number 20 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background The recent identification in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma of DNA sequences with homology to gammaherpesviruses has led to the hypothesis that a newly identified virus, Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpeslike virus (KSHV), has a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma. We developed serologic markers for KSHV infection.

Methods KSHV antigens were prepared from a cell line (BC-1) that contains the genomes of both KSHV and the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). We used immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays to examine serum samples from 102 patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection for antibodies to KSHV-associated proteins and to distinguish these antibodies from antibodies to EBV antigens. A positive serologic response was defined by the recognition of an antigenic polypeptide, p40, in n-butyrate–treated BC-1 cells and by the absence of p40 recognition in untreated BC-1 cells or EBV-infected, KSHV-negative cells. The detection by the immunofluorescence assay of 10 to 20 times more antigen-positive cells in n-butyrate–treated BC-1 cells than in untreated cells was considered a positive response.

Results Antibodies to the p40 antigen expressed by chemically treated BC-1 cells were identified in 32 of 48 HIV-1–infected patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (67 percent), as compared with only 7 of 54 HIV-1–infected patients without Kaposi's sarcoma (13 percent). These results were confirmed by an immunofluorescence assay. The positive predictive value of the serologic tests for Kaposi's sarcoma was 82 percent, and the negative predictive value 75 percent.

Conclusions The presence of antibodies to a KSHV antigenic peptide correlates with the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma in a high-risk population and provides further evidence of an etiologic role for KSHV.

Source Information

From the Departments of Pediatrics (G.M., L.H., E.G.), Internal Medicine (M.O.R.), Epidemiology and Public Health (G.M.), Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry (G.M., R.S.), and Genetics (R.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; St. Luke's–Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York (C.M.); the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco (J.A.L.); and the College of Physicians and Surgeons and School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York (C.M., S.-J.G., Y.C., P.M.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Miller at the Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., Rm. 420 LSOG, New Haven, CT 06520.

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Testing for Antibodies in Kaposi's Sarcoma
Martin J. N., Gerberding J. L., Osmond D. H., Miller G., Rigsby M.
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N Engl J Med 1996; 335:819-820, Sep 12, 1996. Correspondence

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