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Previous Volume 335:708-714 September 5, 1996 Number 10 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background An activating mutation of the receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone–related peptide (PTHrP) was recently found in a patient with Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, a rare form of short-limbed dwarfism associated with hypercalcemia and normal or low serum concentrations of the two hormones. To investigate this and other activating mutations and to refine the classification of this unusual disorder, we analyzed genomic DNA from six additional patients with Jansen's disease.

Methods Exons encoding the PTH–PTHrP receptor were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis or direct nucleotide-sequence analysis. Nucleotide changes were confirmed by restriction-enzyme digestion of genomic DNA or the PCR products.

Results The previously reported mutation, which changes a histidine at position 223 to arginine (H223R), was found in genomic DNA from three of the six patients but not in DNA from their healthy relatives or 45 unrelated normal subjects. A novel missense mutation that changes a threonine in the receptor's sixth membrane-spanning region to proline (T410P) was identified in another patient but not in 62 normal subjects. In two patients with radiologic evidence of Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia but less severe hypercalcemia, no receptor mutations were detected. In COS-7 cells expressing PTH–PTHrP receptors with the T410P or H223R mutation, basal cyclic AMP accumulation was four to six times higher than in cells expressing wild-type receptors.

Conclusions The expression of constitutively active PTH–PTHrP receptors in kidney, bone, and growth-plate chondrocytes provides a plausible genetic explanation for mineral-ion abnormalities and metaphyseal changes in patients with Jansen's disease.

Source Information

From the Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine (E.S., G.S.J., H.J.), and the Children's Service (H.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; the Pediatric Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Northwestern University Medical School and Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago (C.B.L.); the Bone and Mineral Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit (A.M.P.); Fukushima Medical College, Fukushima, Japan (S.K.); and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto (S.W.K., W.G.C.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Jüppner at the Endocrine Unit, Wellman 5, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.

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