Background The effect of age on optimal body weight is controversial,and few studies have had adequate numbers of subjects to analyzemortality as a function of body-mass index across age groups.
Methods We studied mortality over 12 years among white men andwomen who participated in the American Cancer Society's CancerPrevention Study I (from 1960 through 1972). The 62,116 menand 262,019 women included in this analysis had never smokedcigarettes, had no history of heart disease, stroke, or cancer(other than skin cancer) at base line in 1959–1960, andhad no history of recent unintentional weight loss. The dateand cause of death for subjects who died were determined fromdeath certificates. The associations between body-mass index(defined as the weight in kilograms divided by the square ofthe height in meters) and mortality were examined for six agegroups in analyses in which we adjusted for age, educationallevel, physical activity, and alcohol consumption.
Results Greater body-mass index was associated with higher mortalityfrom all causes and from cardiovascular disease in men and womenup to 75 years of age. However, the relative risk associatedwith greater body-mass index declined with age. For example,for mortality from cardiovascular disease, the relative riskassociated with an increment of 1 in the body-mass index was1.10 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.16) for 30-to-44-year-oldmen and 1.03 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.05)for 65-to-74-year-old men. For women, the corresponding relativerisk estimates were 1.08 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.05to 1.11) and 1.02 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.03).
Conclusions Excess body weight increases the risk of death fromany cause and from cardiovascular disease in adults between30 and 74 years of age. The relative risk associated with greaterbody weight is higher among younger subjects.
Source Information
From the Departments of Nutrition (J.S.), Biostatistics (J.C.), and Epidemiology (J.S., J.L.W.), School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md. (E.R.P.); the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta (D.F.W.); and the American Cancer Society, Atlanta (M.J.T.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Stevens at the Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, CB 7400, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400.
The Obesity Problem
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