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Previous Volume 339:1194-1200 October 22, 1998 Number 17 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background Although the prevalence of asthma and morbidity related to asthma are increasing, little is known about the natural history of lung function in adults with this disease.

Methods We used data from a longitudinal epidemiologic study of the general population in a Danish city, the Copenhagen City Heart Study, to analyze changes over time in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) in adults with self-reported asthma and adults without asthma. The study was conducted between 1976 and 1994; for each patient, three measurements of lung function were obtained over a 15-year period. The final data set consisted of measurements from 17,506 subjects (8136 men and 9370 women), of whom 1095 had asthma.

Results Among subjects who participated in all three evaluations, the unadjusted decline in FEV₁ among subjects with asthma was 38 ml per year, as compared with 22 ml per year in those without asthma. The decline in FEV₁ normalized for height (FEV₁ divided by the square of the height in meters) was greater among the subjects with asthma than among those without the disease (P<0.001). Among both men and women, and among both smokers and nonsmokers, subjects with asthma had greater declines in FEV₁ over time than those without asthma (P<0.001). At the age of 60 years, a 175-cm-tall nonsmoking man without asthma had an average FEV₁ of 3.05 liters, as compared with 1.99 liters for a man of similar age and height who smoked and had asthma.

Conclusions In a sample of the general population, people who identified themselves as having asthma had substantially greater declines in FEV₁ over time than those who did not.

Source Information

From the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Epidemiologic Research Unit, Bispebjerg University Hospital (P.L., J.P., J.V., P.S., G.J.); the Department of Respiratory Medicine 129, Hvidovre Hospital and University of Copenhagen (P.L., J.V.); and the Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen (J.P.) — all in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Lange at the Department of Respiratory Medicine 129, Hvidovre Hospital, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.

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