FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 339:69-75 July 9, 1998 Number 2 Next

	Full Text PDF Editorial by Luzi, L. Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who do not have uremia and have not received a kidney transplant, pancreas transplantation does not ameliorate established lesions of diabetic nephropathy within five years after transplantation, but the effects of longer periods of normoglycemia are unknown.

Methods We studied kidney function and performed renal biopsies before pancreas transplantation and 5 and 10 years thereafter in eight patients with type 1 diabetes but without uremia who had mild to advanced lesions of diabetic nephropathy at the time of transplantation. The biopsy samples were analyzed morphometrically.

Results All patients had persistently normal glycosylated hemoglobin values after transplantation. The median urinary albumin excretion rate was 103 mg per day before transplantation, 30 mg per day 5 years after transplantation, and 20 mg per day 10 years after transplantation (P=0.07 for the comparison of values at base line and at 5 years; P=0.11 for the comparison between base line and 10 years). The mean (±SD) creatinine clearance rate declined from 108±20 ml per minute per 1.73 m² of body-surface area at base line to 74±16 ml per minute per 1.73 m² at 5 years (P<0.001) and 74±14 ml per minute per 1.73 m² at 10 years (P<0.001). The thickness of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes was similar at 5 years (570±64 and 928±173 nm, respectively) and at base line (594±81 and 911±133 nm, respectively) but had decreased by 10 years (to 404±38 and 690±111 nm, respectively; P<0.001 and P=0.004 for the comparisons with the base-line values). The mesangial fractional volume (the proportion of the glomerulus occupied by the mesangium) increased from base line (0.33±0.07) to 5 years (0.39±0.10, P=0.02) but had decreased at 10 years (0.27±0.02, P=0.05 for the comparison with the base-line value and P=0.006 for the comparison with the value at 5 years), mostly because of a reduction in mesangial matrix.

Conclusions Pancreas transplantation can reverse the lesions of diabetic nephropathy, but reversal requires more than five years of normoglycemia.

Source Information

From the Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for the Study of Aging of the National Research Council, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy (P.F.); and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (M.W.S.), Surgery (D.E.R.S.), Medicine (F.C.G.), and Pediatrics (M.M.), University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Mauer at the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Box 491, UMHC, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455-0392, or Dr. Fioretto at the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiani, No. 2, Padua 35128, Italy.

Full Text of this Article

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Bhargava, R., Mitsides, N., Saif, I., MacDowall, P., Woywodt, A. (2009). C-peptide and combined kidney pancreas transplantation. NDT Plus 0: sfp132v1-sfp132 [Full Text]  
• Morath, C., Zeier, M. (2009). Transplantation in type 1 diabetes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 24: 2026-2029 [Full Text]  
• Weiss, A. S., Smits, G., Wiseman, A. C. (2009). Twelve-Month Pancreas Graft Function Significantly Influences Survival Following Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation. CJASN 4: 988-995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Young, B. Y., Gill, J., Huang, E., Takemoto, S. K., Anastasi, B., Shah, T., Bunnapradist, S. (2009). Living Donor Kidney Versus Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplant in Type I Diabetics: An Analysis of the OPTN/UNOS Database. CJASN 4: 845-852 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chakkera, H. A., Weil, E. J., Castro, J., Heilman, R. L., Reddy, K. S., Mazur, M. J., Hamawi, K., Mulligan, D. C., Moss, A. A., Mekeel, K. L., Cosio, F. G., Cook, C. B. (2009). Hyperglycemia during the Immediate Period after Kidney Transplantation. CJASN 4: 853-859 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Xin, Z., Zhihong, L., Shijun, L., Jinfeng, Z., Huiping, C., Caihong, Z., Daxi, J., Leishi, L. (2009). Successful treatment of patients with lipoprotein glomerulopathy by protein A immunoadsorption: a pilot study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 24: 864-869 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• So, W.-Y., Wang, Y., Ng, M. C.Y., Yang, X., Ma, R. C.W., Lam, V., Kong, A. P.S., Tong, P. C.Y., Chan, J. C.N. (2008). Aldose Reductase Genotypes and Cardiorenal Complications: An 8-year prospective analysis of 1,074 type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 31: 2148-2153 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boucek, P., Havrdova, T., Voska, L., Lodererova, A., He, L., Saudek, F., Lipar, K., Adamec, M., Sommer, C. (2008). Epidermal Innervation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients: A 2.5-year prospective study after simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplantation. Diabetes Care 31: 1611-1612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Morath, C., Zeier, M., Dohler, B., Schmidt, J., Nawroth, P. P., Opelz, G. (2008). Metabolic Control Improves Long-Term Renal Allograft and Patient Survival in Type 1 Diabetes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19: 1557-1563 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Piecha, G., Koleganova, N., Gross, M.-L., Geldyyev, A., Adamczak, M., Ritz, E. (2008). Regression of glomerulosclerosis in subtotally nephrectomized rats: effects of monotherapy with losartan, spironolactone, and their combination. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 295: F137-F144 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ruggenenti, P., Perticucci, E., Cravedi, P., Gambara, V., Costantini, M., Sharma, S. K., Perna, A., Remuzzi, G. (2008). Role of Remission Clinics in the Longitudinal Treatment of CKD. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19: 1213-1224 [Full Text]  
• Frystyk, J., Ritzel, R. A., Maubach, J., Busing, M., Luck, R., Klempnauer, J., Schmiegel, W., Nauck, M. A. (2008). Comparison of Pancreas-Transplanted Type 1 Diabetic Patients with Portal-Venous Versus Systemic-Venous Graft Drainage: Impact on Glucose Regulatory Hormones and the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Axis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93: 1758-1766 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2008). Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Care 31: 823-827 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Barbey, F., Lidove, O., Schwarting, A. (2008). Fabry nephropathy: 5 years of enzyme replacement therapy--a short review. NDT Plus 1: 11-19 [Full Text]  
• Nakagawa, T., Segal, M., Croker, B., Johnson, R. J. (2007). A breakthrough in diabetic nephropathy: the role of endothelial dysfunction. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 2775-2777 [Full Text]  
• Mehra, S., Tavakoli, M., Kallinikos, P. A., Efron, N., Boulton, A. J.M., Augustine, T., Malik, R. A. (2007). Corneal Confocal Microscopy Detects Early Nerve Regeneration After Pancreas Transplantation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 30: 2608-2612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Maffi, P., Bertuzzi, F., De Taddeo, F., Magistretti, P., Nano, R., Fiorina, P., Caumo, A., Pozzi, P., Socci, C., Venturini, M., del Maschio, A., Secchi, A. (2007). Kidney Function After Islet Transplant Alone in Type 1 Diabetes: Impact of immunosuppressive therapy on progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care 30: 1150-1155 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fiorina, P., Perseghin, G., De Cobelli, F., Gremizzi, C., Petrelli, A., Monti, L., Maffi, P., Luzi, L., Secchi, A., Del Maschio, A. (2007). Altered Kidney Graft High-Energy Phosphate Metabolism in Kidney-Transplanted End-Stage Renal Disease Type 1 Diabetic Patients: A cross-sectional analysis of the effect of kidney alone and kidney-pancreas transplantation. Diabetes Care 30: 597-603 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Eddy, A. A., Fogo, A. B. (2006). Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence and Mechanisms of Action. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 2999-3012 [Full Text]  
• Liang, X.-B., Ma, L.-J., Naito, T., Wang, Y., Madaio, M., Zent, R., Pozzi, A., Fogo, A. B. (2006). Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blocker Restores Podocyte Potential to Promote Glomerular Endothelial Cell Growth. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 1886-1895 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lloberas, N., Cruzado, J. M., Franquesa, M., Herrero-Fresneda, I., Torras, J., Alperovich, G., Rama, I., Vidal, A., Grinyo, J. M. (2006). Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway Blockade Slows Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Rats. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 1395-1404 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Placier, S., Boffa, J.-J., Dussaule, J.-C., Chatziantoniou, C. (2006). Reversal of renal lesions following interruption of nitric oxide synthesis inhibition in transgenic mice. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 881-888 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Piccoli, G. B., Sargiotto, A., Burdese, M., Consiglio, V., Mezza, E., Rossetti, M., Picciotto, G., Segoloni, G. P. (2006). Grafted kidney, native kidney and proteinuria after pre-emptive pancreas-kidney transplantation: questions and answers. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 1139-1140 [Full Text]  
• Al-Rasheed, N. M., Willars, G. B., Brunskill, N. J. (2006). C-Peptide Signals via G{alpha}i to Protect against TNF-{alpha}-Mediated Apoptosis of Opossum Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 986-995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fioretto, P., Bruseghin, M., Berto, I., Gallina, P., Manzato, E., Mussap, M. (2006). Renal Protection in Diabetes: Role of Glycemic Control. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: S86-S89 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lu, Y., Wang, Z., Zhu, M. (2006). Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with human insulin genes can secrete insulin stably.. Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 36: 127-136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fujihara, C. K., Sena, C. R., Malheiros, D. M. A. C., Mattar, A. L., Zatz, R. (2006). Short-term nitric oxide inhibition induces progressive nephropathy after regression of initial renal injury. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 290: F632-F640 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fogo, A. B. (2006). Progression versus regression of chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 281-284 [Full Text]  
• Eikmans, M., Aben, J. A., Koop, K., Baelde, H. J., de Heer, E., Bruijn, J. A. (2006). Genetic factors in progressive renal disease: the good ones, the bad ones and the ugly ducklings. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 257-260 [Full Text]  
• Hall, P. M. (2006). Prevention of Progression in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Spectr. 19: 18-24 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kosugi, T., Yuzawa, Y., Sato, W., Kawai, H., Matsuo, S., Takei, Y., Muramatsu, T., Kadomatsu, K. (2006). Growth Factor Midkine Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy. Am. J. Pathol. 168: 9-19 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yamada, T., Komatsu, M., Komiya, I., Miyahara, Y., Shima, Y., Matsuzaki, M., Ishikawa, Y., Mita, R., Fujiwara, M., Furusato, N., Nishi, K., Aizawa, T. (2005). Development, Progression, and Regression of Microalbuminuria in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Under Tight Glycemic and Blood Pressure Control: The Kashiwa Study. Diabetes Care 28: 2733-2738 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Aldigier, J. C., Kanjanbuch, T., Ma, L.-J., Brown, N. J., Fogo, A. B. (2005). Regression of Existing Glomerulosclerosis by Inhibition of Aldosterone. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: 3306-3314 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fiorina, P., Venturini, M., Folli, F., Losio, C., Maffi, P., Placidi, C., La Rosa, S., Orsenigo, E., Socci, C., Capella, C., Del Maschio, A., Secchi, A. (2005). Natural History of Kidney Graft Survival, Hypertrophy, and Vascular Function in End-Stage Renal Disease Type 1 Diabetic Kidney-Transplanted Patients: Beneficial impact of pancreas and successful islet cotransplantation. Diabetes Care 28: 1303-1310 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Coppelli, A., Giannarelli, R., Vistoli, F., Del Prato, S., Rizzo, G., Mosca, F., Boggi, U., Marchetti, P. (2005). The Beneficial Effects of Pancreas Transplant Alone on Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Care 28: 1366-1370 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ma, L.-J., Nakamura, S., Aldigier, J. C., Rossini, M., Yang, H., Liang, X., Nakamura, I., Marcantoni, C., Fogo, A. B. (2005). Regression of Glomerulosclerosis with High-Dose Angiotensin Inhibition Is Linked to Decreased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: 966-976 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Remuzzi, G., Remuzzi, A. (2005). Is Regression of Chronic Nephropathies a Therapeutic Target?. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: 840-842 [Full Text]  
• Samnegard, B., Jacobson, S. H., Jaremko, G., Johansson, B.-L., Ekberg, K., Isaksson, B., Eriksson, L., Wahren, J., Sjoquist, M. (2005). C-peptide prevents glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix expansion in diabetic rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20: 532-538 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fioretto, P., Solini, A. (2005). Antihypertensive Treatment and Multifactorial Approach for Renal Protection in Diabetes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: S18-S21 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Venturini, M., Angeli, E., Maffi, P., Fiorina, P., Bertuzzi, F., Salvioni, M., De Cobelli, F., Socci, C., Aldrighetti, L., Losio, C., Di Carlo, V., Secchi, A., Del Maschio, A. (2005). Technique, Complications, and Therapeutic Efficacy of Percutaneous Transplantation of Human Pancreatic Islet Cells in Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of US. Radiology 234: 617-624 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Maestroni, A., Ruggieri, D., Dell'Antonio, G., Luzi, L., Zerbini, G. (2005). C-peptide increases the expression of vasopressin-activated calcium-mobilizing receptor gene through a G protein-dependent pathway. Eur J Endocrinol 152: 135-141 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gross, J. L., de Azevedo, M. J., Silveiro, S. P., Canani, L. H., Caramori, M. L., Zelmanovitz, T. (2005). Diabetic Nephropathy: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment. Diabetes Care 28: 164-176 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Larsen, J. L. (2004). Pancreas Transplantation: Indications and Consequences. Endocr. Rev. 25: 919-946 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adamczak, M., Gross, M.-L., Amann, K., Ritz, E. (2004). Reversal of Glomerular Lesions Involves Coordinated Restructuring of Glomerular Microvasculature. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 15: 3063-3072 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Larsen, J. L., Colling, C. W., Ratanasuwan, T., Burkman, T. W., Lynch, T. G., Erickson, J. M., Lyden, E. R., Lane, J. T., Mack-Shipman, L. R. (2004). Pancreas Transplantation Improves Vascular Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 27: 1706-1711 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2004). Diabetes Complications. Diabetes Care 27: 1506-1514 [Full Text]  
• Hovind, P., Tarnow, L., Rossing, P., Jensen, B. R., Graae, M., Torp, I., Binder, C., Parving, H.-H. (2004). Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes: inception cohort study. BMJ 328: 1105- [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• De Cobelli, F., Fiorina, P., Perseghin, G., Magnone, M., Venturini, M., Zerbini, G., Zanello, A., Mazzolari, G., Monti, L., Di Carlo, V., Secchi, A., Del Maschio, A. (2004). L-Arginine-Induced Vasodilation of the Renal Vasculature Is Preserved in Uremic Type 1 Diabetic Patients After Kidney and Pancreas but not After Kidney-Alone Transplantation. Diabetes Care 27: 947-954 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hertig, A., Rondeau, E. (2004). Role of the Coagulation/Fibrinolysis System in Fibrin-Associated Glomerular Injury. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 15: 844-853 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Robertson, R. P. (2004). Islet Transplantation as a Treatment for Diabetes -- A Work in Progress. NEJM 350: 694-705 [Full Text]  
• Venstrom, J. M., McBride, M. A., Rother, K. I., Hirshberg, B., Orchard, T. J., Harlan, D. M. (2003). Survival After Pancreas Transplantation in Patients With Diabetes and Preserved Kidney Function. JAMA 290: 2817-2823 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nathan, D. M. (2003). Isolated Pancreas Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes: A Doctor's Dilemma. JAMA 290: 2861-2863 [Full Text]  
• Adamczak, M., Gross, M.-L., Krtil, J., Koch, A., Tyralla, K., Amann, K., Ritz, E. (2003). Reversal of Glomerulosclerosis after High-Dose Enalapril Treatment in Subtotally Nephrectomized Rats. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 2833-2842 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fogo, A. B. (2003). Regression Lines in Chronic Kidney Disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 2990-2991 [Full Text]  
• Torffvit, O. (2003). Hyperglycaemia in diabetes: impact on nephropathy and cardiac risk. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18: 1711-1715 [Full Text]  
• Locatelli, F., Canaud, B., Eckardt, K.-U., Stenvinkel, P., Wanner, C., Zoccali, C. (2003). The importance of diabetic nephropathy in current nephrological practice. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18: 1716-1725 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fiorina, P., Folli, F., Zerbini, G., Maffi, P., Gremizzi, C., Di Carlo, V., Socci, C., Bertuzzi, F., Kashgarian, M., Secchi, A. (2003). Islet Transplantation Is Associated with Improvement of Renal Function among Uremic Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Transplants. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 2150-2158 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shapiro, A. M. J. (2003). Islet Transplants and Impact on Secondary Diabetic Complications: Does C-Peptide Protect the Kidney?. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 2214-2216 [Full Text]  
• Ha, H., Lee, H. B. (2003). Reactive Oxygen Species and Matrix Remodeling in Diabetic Kidney. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: S246-249 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Drummond, K. N., Kramer, M. S., Suissa, S., Levy-Marchal, C., Dell'Aniello, S., Sinaiko, A., Mauer, M. (2003). Effects of Duration and Age at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes on Preclinical Manifestations of Nephropathy. Diabetes 52: 1818-1824 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chadban, S. J., Briganti, E. M., Kerr, P. G., Dunstan, D. W., Welborn, T. A., Zimmet, P. Z., Atkins, R. C. (2003). Prevalence of Kidney Damage in Australian Adults: The AusDiab Kidney Study. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: S131-138 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yu, H. T. (2003). Progression of Chronic Renal Failure. Arch Intern Med 163: 1417-1429 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ritz, E. (2003). Albuminuria and Vascular Damage -- The Vicious Twins. NEJM 348: 2349-2352 [Full Text]  
• Boffa, J.-J., Lu, Y., Placier, S., Stefanski, A., Dussaule, J.-C., Chatziantoniou, C. (2003). Regression of Renal Vascular and Glomerular Fibrosis: Role of Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonism and Matrix Metalloproteinases. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 1132-1144 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sawai, K., Mori, K., Mukoyama, M., Sugawara, A., Suganami, T., Koshikawa, M., Yahata, K., Makino, H., Nagae, T., Fujinaga, Y., Yokoi, H., Yoshioka, T., Yoshimoto, A., Tanaka, I., Nakao, K. (2003). Angiogenic Protein Cyr61 is Expressed by Podocytes in Anti-Thy-1 Glomerulonephritis. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 1154-1163 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Haneda, M., Koya, D., Isono, M., Kikkawa, R. (2003). Overview of Glucose Signaling in Mesangial Cells in Diabetic Nephropathy. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 1374-1382 [Full Text]  
• Wolf, G., Ritz, E. (2003). Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Patient Management. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 1396-1405 [Full Text]  
• Abbate, M., Remuzzi, G. (2003). Can We Really Lessen Kidney Damage to the Point that the Loss of Renal Function of Progressive Nephropathy May Revert?. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14: 1411-1414 [Full Text]  
• Loon, N. R. (2003). Diabetic Kidney Disease: Preventing Dialysis and Transplantation. Clin. Diabetes 21: 55-62 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kelly, D. J., Zhang, Y., Hepper, C., Gow, R. M., Jaworski, K., Kemp, B. E., Wilkinson-Berka, J. L., Gilbert, R. E. (2003). Protein Kinase C {beta} Inhibition Attenuates the Progression of Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy in the Presence of Continued Hypertension. Diabetes 52: 512-518 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mauer, M., Zinman, B., Gardiner, R., Drummond, K. N, Suissa, S., Donnelly, S. M, Strand, T. D, Kramer, M. S, Klein, R., Sinaiko, A. R (2002). ACE-I and ARBs in early diabetic nephropathy. Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 3: 262-269 [Abstract]  
• Mishra, R., Leahy, P., Simonson, M. S. (2002). Gene expression profiling reveals role for EGF-family ligands in mesangial cell proliferation. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 283: F1151-F1159 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Eddy, A. A. (2002). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the kidney. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 283: F209-F220 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Makino, H., Tanaka, I., Mukoyama, M., Sugawara, A., Mori, K., Muro, S., Suganami, T., Yahata, K., Ishibashi, R., Ohuchida, S., Maruyama, T., Narumiya, S., Nakao, K. (2002). Prevention of Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats by Prostaglandin E Receptor EP1-Selective Antagonist. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13: 1757-1765 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Houlihan, C. A., Akdeniz, A., Tsalamandris, C., Cooper, M. E., Jerums, G., Gilbert, R. E. (2002). Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Excretion in Patients With Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, and Elevated Albumin Excretion Rate: Effects of angiotensin receptor blockade and sodium restriction. Diabetes Care 25: 1072-1077 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rerolle, J. P., Thervet, E., Anglicheau, D., Desgrandchamps, F., Nochy, D., Janin, A., Fornairon, S., Passa, P., Bedrossian, J., Legendre, C. (2002). Long-term renal allograft outcome after simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 17: 905-909 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hariharan, S., Pirsch, J. D., Lu, C. Y., Chan, L., Pesavento, T. E., Alexander, S., Bumgardner, G. L., Baasadona, G., Hricik, D. E., Pescovitz, M. D., Rubin, N. T., Stratta, R. J. (2002). Pancreas after Kidney Transplantation. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13: 1109-1118 [Full Text]  
• Shokouh-Amiri, M. H., Stratta, R. J., Latif, K. A., Gaber, O. (2002). Glucose Control During and After Pancreatic Transplantation. Diabetes Spectr. 15: 49-53 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kurokawa, K., Nangaku, M., Saito, A., Inagi, R., Miyata, T. (2002). Current Issues and Future Perspectives of Chronic Renal Failure. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13: S3-6 [Full Text]  
• Hovind, P., Rossing, P., Tarnow, L., Toft, H., Parving, J., Parving, H.-H. (2001). Remission of Nephrotic-Range Albuminuria in Type 1 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Care 24: 1972-1977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• GRUESSNER, A. C., SUTHERLAND, D. E. R., DUNN, D. L., NAJARIAN, J. S., HUMAR, A., KANDASWAMY, R., GRUESSNER, R. W. G. (2001). Pancreas after Kidney Transplants in Posturemic Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 12: 2490-2499 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• BECKER, B. N., ODORICO, J. S., BECKER, Y. T., GROSHEK, M., WERWINSKI, C., PIRSCH, J. D., SOLLINGER, H. W. (2001). Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 12: 2517-2527 [Full Text]  
• Thomas, M. C., Mathew, T. H., Russ, G. R. (2001). Glycaemic control and graft loss following renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16: 1978-1982 [Full Text]  
• Assady, S., Maor, G., Amit, M., Itskovitz-Eldor, J., Skorecki, K. L., Tzukerman, M. (2001). Insulin Production by Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Diabetes 50: 1691-1697 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Krishnamurti, U., Steffes, M. W. (2001). Glycohemoglobin: A Primary Predictor of the Development or Reversal of Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Clin. Chem. 47: 1157-1165 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schiffmann, R., Kopp, J. B., Austin III, H. A., Sabnis, S., Moore, D. F., Weibel, T., Balow, J. E., Brady, R. O. (2001). Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Fabry Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 285: 2743-2749 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• White, S A, Kimber, R, Veitch, P S, Nicholson, M L (2001). Surgical treatment of diabetes mellitus by islet cell and pancreas transplantation. Postgrad. Med. J. 77: 383-387 [Full Text]  
• The European Study for the Prevention of Renal Dis, (2001). Effect of 3 Years of Antihypertensive Therapy on Renal Structure in Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Albuminuria: The European Study for the Prevention of Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes (ESPRIT). Diabetes 50: 843-850 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fiorina, P., La Rocca, E., Venturini, M., Minicucci, F., Fermo, I., Paroni, R., D’Angelo, A., Sblendido, M., Di Carlo, V., Cristallo, M., Del Maschio, A., Pozza, G., Secchi, A. (2001). Effects of Kidney-Pancreas Transplantation on Atherosclerotic Risk Factors and Endothelial Function in Patients With Uremia and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 50: 496-501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boffa, J.-J., Ying Lu, , Dussaule, J.-C., Chatziantoniou, C. (2001). Improvements of renal lesions and function by angiotensin and endothelin receptor antagonism in nitric oxide-deficient rats. Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 2: S211-S216 [Abstract]  
• Luzi, L., Perseghin, G., Brendel, M. D., Terruzzi, I., Battezzati, A., Eckhard, M., Brandhorst, D., Brandhorst, H., Friemann, S., Socci, C., Carlo, V. D., Sereni, L. P., Benedini, S., Secchi, A., Pozza, G., Bretzel, R. G. (2001). Metabolic Effects of Restoring Partial {beta}-Cell Function After Islet Allotransplantation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes 50: 277-282 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boffa, J.-J., Tharaux, P.-L., Dussaule, J.-C., Chatziantoniou, C. (2001). Regression of Renal Vascular Fibrosis by Endothelin Receptor Antagonism. Hypertension 37: 490-496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• White, S. A, Nicholson, M. L, Hering, B. J (2000). Can islet cell transplantation treat diabetes?. BMJ 321: 651-652 [Full Text]  
• KOYA, D., HANEDA, M., NAKAGAWA, H., ISSHIKI, K., SATO, H., MAEDA, S., SUGIMOTO, T., YASUDA, H., KASHIWAGI, A., WAYS, D. K., KING, G. L., KIKKAWA, R. (2000). Amelioration of accelerated diabetic mesangial expansion by treatment with a PKC {beta} inhibitor in diabetic db/db mice, a rodent model for type 2 diabetes. FASEB J. 14: 439-447 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• LENZ, O., ELLIOT, S. J., STETLER-STEVENSON, W. G. (2000). Matrix Metalloproteinases in Renal Development and Disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11: 574-581 [Full Text]