FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Volume 340:1525-1532 May 20, 1999 Number 20 Next

	Full Text PDF Editorial by Wegener, H. C. Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background Increasing resistance to quinolones among campylobacter isolates from humans has been reported in Europe and Asia, but not in the United States. We evaluated resistance to quinolones among campylobacter isolates from Minnesota residents during the period from 1992 through 1998.

Methods All 4953 campylobacter isolates from humans received by the Minnesota Department of Health were tested for resistance to nalidixic acid. Resistant isolates and selected sensitive isolates were tested for resistance to ciprofloxacin. We conducted a case-comparison study of patients with ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni isolated during 1996 and 1997. Domestic chicken was evaluated as a potential source of quinolone-resistant campylobacter.

Results The proportion of quinolone-resistant C. jejuni isolates from humans increased from 1.3 percent in 1992 to 10.2 percent in 1998 (P<0.001). During 1996 and 1997, infection with quinolone-resistant C. jejuni was associated with foreign travel and with the use of a quinolone before the collection of stool specimens. However, quinolone use could account for no more than 15 percent of the cases from 1996 through 1998. The number of quinolone-resistant infections that were acquired domestically also increased during the period from 1996 through 1998. Ciprofloxacin-resistant C. jejuni was isolated from 14 percent of 91 domestic chicken products obtained from retail markets in 1997. Molecular subtyping showed an association between resistant C. jejuni strains from chicken products and domestically acquired infections in Minnesota residents.

Conclusions The increase in quinolone-resistant C. jejuni infections in Minnesota is largely due to infections acquired during foreign travel. However, the number of quinolone-resistant infections acquired domestically has also increased, largely because of the acquisition of resistant strains from poultry. The use of fluoroquinolones in poultry, which began in the United States in 1995, has created a reservoir of resistant C. jejuni.

Source Information

From the Acute Disease Epidemiology Section (K.E.S., C.W.H., J.B.B., J.H.W., B.P.J., K.A.M., M.T.O.) and the Division of Public Health Laboratories (J.M.B., F.T.L.), Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis; and the Epidemic Intelligence Service, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (K.E.S.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Smith at the Acute Disease Epidemiology Section, Minnesota Department of Health, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55440-9441.

Full Text of this Article

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Evans, M. R., Northey, G., Sarvotham, T. S., Hopkins, A. L., Rigby, C. J., Thomas, D. Rh. (2009). Risk factors for ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter infection in Wales. J Antimicrob Chemother 64: 424-427 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Al-Hasan, M. N., Lahr, B. D., Eckel-Passow, J. E., Baddour, L. M. (2009). Antimicrobial resistance trends of Escherichia coli bloodstream isolates: a population-based study, 1998-2007. J Antimicrob Chemother 64: 169-174 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fricke, W. F., Wright, M. S., Lindell, A. H., Harkins, D. M., Baker-Austin, C., Ravel, J., Stepanauskas, R. (2008). Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5. J. Bacteriol. 190: 6779-6794 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Belanger, A. E., Shryock, T. R. (2007). Macrolide-resistant Campylobacter: the meat of the matter. J Antimicrob Chemother 60: 715-723 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Quinn, T., Bolla, J.-M., Pages, J.-M., Fanning, S. (2007). Antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter: could efflux pump inhibitors control infection?. J Antimicrob Chemother 59: 1230-1236 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gaudreau, C., Girouard, Y., Ringuette, L., Tsimiklis, C. (2007). Comparison of Disk Diffusion and Agar Dilution Methods for Erythromycin and Ciprofloxacin Susceptibility Testing of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 1524-1526 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Inglis, G. D., Morck, D. W., McAllister, T. A., Entz, T., Olson, M. E., Yanke, L. J., Read, R. R. (2006). Temporal Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter spp. from Beef Cattle in Alberta Feedlots.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 4088-4095 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• TAYLOR, D. N., BOURGEOIS, A. L., ERICSSON, C. D., STEFFEN, R., JIANG, Z.-D., HALPERN, J., HAAKE, R., DUPONT, H. L., THE RIFAXIMIN STUDY GROUP, (2006). A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, MULTICENTER STUDY OF RIFAXIMIN COMPARED WITH PLACEBO AND WITH CIPROFLOXACIN IN THE TREATMENT OF TRAVELERS' DIARRHEA. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 1060-1066 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Idris, U., Lu, J., Maier, M., Sanchez, S., Hofacre, C. L., Harmon, B. G., Maurer, J. J., Lee, M. D. (2006). Dissemination of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter spp. within an Integrated Commercial Poultry Production System.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 3441-3447 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Luangtongkum, T., Morishita, T. Y., Ison, A. J., Huang, S., McDermott, P. F., Zhang, Q. (2006). Effect of Conventional and Organic Production Practices on the Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 3600-3607 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schonberg-Norio, D., Hanninen, M.-L., Katila, M.-L., Kaukoranta, S.-S., Koskela, M., Eerola, E., Uksila, J., Pajarre, S., Rautelin, H. (2006). Activities of Telithromycin, Erythromycin, Fluoroquinolones, and Doxycycline against Campylobacter Strains Isolated from Finnish Subjects. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 1086-1088 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ge, B., McDermott, P. F., White, D. G., Meng, J. (2005). Role of Efflux Pumps and Topoisomerase Mutations in Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 3347-3354 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nannapaneni, R., Story, R., Wiggins, K. C., Johnson, M. G. (2005). Concurrent Quantitation of Total Campylobacter and Total Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Campylobacter Loads in Rinses from Retail Raw Chicken Carcasses from 2001 to 2003 by Direct Plating at 42{degrees}C. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 4510-4515 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, J., Akiba, M., Sahin, O., Zhang, Q. (2005). CmeR Functions as a Transcriptional Repressor for the Multidrug Efflux Pump CmeABC in Campylobacter jejuni. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 1067-1075 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Humphrey, T. J., Jorgensen, F., Frost, J. A., Wadda, H., Domingue, G., Elviss, N. C., Griggs, D. J., Piddock, L. J. V. (2005). Prevalence and Subtypes of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Campylobacter spp. in Commercial Poultry Flocks before, during, and after Treatment with Fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 690-698 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Griggs, D. J., Johnson, M. M., Frost, J. A., Humphrey, T., Jorgensen, F., Piddock, L. J. V. (2005). Incidence and Mechanism of Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Commercial Poultry Flocks in the United Kingdom before, during, and after Fluoroquinolone Treatment. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 699-707 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bae, W., Kaya, K. N., Hancock, D. D., Call, D. R., Park, Y. H., Besser, T. E. (2005). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. from Cattle Farms in Washington State. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 169-174 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alonso, R., Mateo, E., Girbau, C., Churruca, E., Martinez, I., Fernandez-Astorga, A. (2004). PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Assay for Detection of gyrA Mutations Associated with Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 4886-4888 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karp, B. E., Engberg, J. (2004). Comment on: Does the use of antibiotics in food animals pose a risk to human health? A critical review of published data. J Antimicrob Chemother 54: 273-274 [Full Text]  
• Tollefson, L. (2004). Factual errors in review article. J Antimicrob Chemother 54: 271-271 [Full Text]  
• Sato, K., Bartlett, P. C., Kaneene, J. B., Downes, F. P. (2004). Comparison of Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Campylobacter spp. Isolates from Organic and Conventional Dairy Herds in Wisconsin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 1442-1447 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thielman, N. M., Guerrant, R. L. (2004). Acute Infectious Diarrhea. NEJM 350: 38-47 [Full Text]  
• Wilson, D. L., Bell, J. A., Young, V. B., Wilder, S. R., Mansfield, L. S., Linz, J. E. (2003). Variation of the natural transformation frequency of Campylobacter jejuni in liquid shake culture. Microbiology 149: 3603-3615 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Krausse, R., Ullmann, U. (2003). In Vitro Activities of New Fluoroquinolones against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates Obtained from Humans in 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 2946-2950 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Singh, P. N, Sabate, J., Fraser, G. E (2003). Does low meat consumption increase life expectancy in humans?. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 78: 526S-532 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Johnson, J. R., Murray, A. C., Gajewski, A., Sullivan, M., Snippes, P., Kuskowski, M. A., Smith, K. E. (2003). Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Nalidixic Acid-Resistant Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Retail Chicken Products. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 2161-2168 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wagner, J., Jabbusch, M., Eisenblatter, M., Hahn, H., Wendt, C., Ignatius, R. (2003). Susceptibilities of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Germany to Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, and Tetracycline. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 2358-2361 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chan, S S W, Ng, K C, Lyon, D J, Cheung, W L, Cheng, A F B, Rainer, T H (2003). Acute bacterial gastroenteritis: a study of adult patients with positive stool cultures treated in the emergency department. Emerg. Med. J. 20: 335-338 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shea, K. M. (2003). Antibiotic Resistance: What Is the Impact of Agricultural Uses of Antibiotics on Children's Health?. Pediatrics 112: 253-258 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gaudreau, C., Gilbert, H. (2003). Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni Strains Isolated from Humans in 1998 to 2001 in Montreal, Canada. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 2027-2029 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ge, B., White, D. G., McDermott, P. F., Girard, W., Zhao, S., Hubert, S., Meng, J. (2003). Antimicrobial-Resistant Campylobacter Species from Retail Raw Meats. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 3005-3007 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rautelin, H., Vierikko, A., Hanninen, M.-L., Vaara, M. (2003). Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Campylobacter Strains Isolated from Finnish Subjects Infected Domestically or from Those Infected Abroad. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 102-105 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Luo, N., Sahin, O., Lin, J., Michel, L. O., Zhang, Q. (2003). In Vivo Selection of Campylobacter Isolates with High Levels of Fluoroquinolone Resistance Associated with gyrA Mutations and the Function of the CmeABC Efflux Pump. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 390-394 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Piddock, L. J. V., Ricci, V., Pumbwe, L., Everett, M. J., Griggs, D. J. (2003). Fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter species from man and animals: detection of mutations in topoisomerase genes. J Antimicrob Chemother 51: 19-26 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• The Campylobacter Sentinel Surveillance Scheme Col, (2002). Ciprofloxacin resistance in Campylobacter jejuni: case-case analysis as a tool for elucidating risks at home and abroad. J Antimicrob Chemother 50: 561-568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ge, B., Bodeis, S., Walker, R. D., White, D. G., Zhao, S., McDermott, P. F., Meng, J. (2002). Comparison of the Etest and agar dilution for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter. J Antimicrob Chemother 50: 487-494 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hakanen, A., Jalava, J., Kotilainen, P., Jousimies-Somer, H., Siitonen, A., Huovinen, P. (2002). gyrA Polymorphism in Campylobacter jejuni: Detection of gyrA Mutations in 162 C. jejuni Isolates by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism and DNA Sequencing. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 2644-2647 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, J., Michel, L. O., Zhang, Q. (2002). CmeABC Functions as a Multidrug Efflux System in Campylobacter jejuni. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 2124-2131 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hakanen, A., Huovinen, P., Kotilainen, P., Siitonen, A., Jousimies-Somer, H. (2002). Quality Control Strains Used in Susceptibility Testing of Campylobacter spp.. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 2705-2706 [Full Text]  
• Lipsitch, M., Singer, R. S., Levin, B. R. (2002). Antibiotics in agriculture: When is it time to close the barn door?. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 5752-5754 [Full Text]  
• Smith, D. L., Harris, A. D., Johnson, J. A., Silbergeld, E. K., Morris, J. G. Jr. (2002). Animal antibiotic use has an early but important impact on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in human commensal bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 6434-6439 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• (2002). Policy Statements Adopted by the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association, October 24, 2001. AJPH 92: 451-483 [Full Text]  
• Sandel, D. C., Wang, C.-T., Kessler, S., Petrof, E. O., Schwartz, D. N., Quinn, J. P., Barlam, T., Moellering, R., Johnson, J. R., Manges, A. R., Riley, L. W. (2002). Urinary Tract Infections and a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Clonal Group. NEJM 346: 535-536 [Full Text]  
• Huang, E. S., Stafford, R. S. (2002). National Patterns in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Women by Ambulatory Care Physicians. Arch Intern Med 162: 41-47 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hunter, P. A., Reeves, D. S. (2002). The current status of surveillance of resistance to antimicrobial agents: report on a meeting. J Antimicrob Chemother 49: 17-23 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Osmon, D. R. (2001). Antimicrobial Resistance: Guidelines for the Practicing Orthopaedic Surgeon. JBJS 83: 1891-1901 [Full Text]  
• McLellan, S. L., Daniels, A. D., Salmore, A. K. (2001). Clonal Populations of Thermotolerant Enterobacteriaceae in Recreational Water and Their Potential Interference with Fecal Escherichia coli Counts. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 4934-4938 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Solomon, D. H., Van Houten, L., Glynn, R. J., Baden, L., Curtis, K., Schrager, H., Avorn, J. (2001). Academic Detailing to Improve Use of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics at an Academic Medical Center. Arch Intern Med 161: 1897-1902 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chee-Sanford, J. C., Aminov, R. I., Krapac, I. J., Garrigues-Jeanjean, N., Mackie, R. I. (2001). Occurrence and Diversity of Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Lagoons and Groundwater Underlying Two Swine Production Facilities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 1494-1502 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Walker, R. A., Saunders, N., Lawson, A. J., Lindsay, E. A., Dassama, M., Ward, L. R., Woodward, M. J., Davies, R. H., Liebana, E., Threlfall, E. J. (2001). Use of a LightCycler gyrA Mutation Assay for Rapid Identification of Mutations Conferring Decreased Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin in Multiresistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium DT104 Isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 1443-1448 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gilbert, D. N., Kohlhepp, S. J., Slama, K. A., Grunkemeier, G., Lewis, G., Dworkin, R. J., Slaughter, S. E., Leggett, J. E. (2001). Phenotypic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, Selected Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after Single and Multiple In Vitro Exposures to Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Trovafloxacin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45: 883-892 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nachamkin, I., Panaro, N. J., Li, M., Ung, H., Yuen, P. K., Kricka, L. J., Wilding, P. (2001). Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer for Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of the Campylobacter jejuni Flagellin Gene. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 754-757 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gomi, H., Jiang, Z.-D., Adachi, J. A., Ashley, D., Lowe, B., Verenkar, M. P., Steffen, R., DuPont, H. L. (2001). In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Bacterial Enteropathogens Causing Traveler's Diarrhea in Four Geographic Regions. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45: 212-216 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• White, D. G., Hudson, C., Maurer, J. J., Ayers, S., Zhao, S., Lee, M. D., Bolton, L., Foley, T., Sherwood, J. (2000). Characterization of Chloramphenicol and Florfenicol Resistance in Escherichia coli Associated with Bovine Diarrhea. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 4593-4598 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kumarasinghe, G., Chow, C., Tambyah, P. A. (2000). The emergence of resistance to levofloxacin before clinical use in a university hospital in Singapore. J Antimicrob Chemother 46: 862-863 [Full Text]  
• White, D. G., Piddock, L. J. V., Maurer, J. J., Zhao, S., Ricci, V., Thayer, S. G. (2000). Characterization of Fluoroquinolone Resistance among Veterinary Isolates of Avian Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 2897-2899 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Harwood, V. J., Whitlock, J., Withington, V. (2000). Classification of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Indicator Bacteria by Discriminant Analysis: Use in Predicting the Source of Fecal Contamination in Subtropical Waters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 3698-3704 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ryan, E. T., Kain, K. C. (2000). Health Advice and Immunizations for Travelers. NEJM 342: 1716-1725 [Full Text]  
• Prats, G., Mirelis, B., Llovet, T., Muñoz, C., Miró, E., Navarro, F. (2000). Antibiotic Resistance Trends in Enteropathogenic Bacteria Isolated in 1985-1987 and 1995-1998 in Barcelona. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 1140-1145 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bartlett, J. G. (1999). Update in Infectious Diseases. ANN INTERN MED 131: 273-280 [Full Text]  
• (1999). Quinolone Resistance on the Rise in Campylobacter jejuni. JWatch Infect. Diseases 1999: 15-15 [Full Text]  
• (1999). Quinolone Resistance Comes Home to Roost. Journal Watch Dermatology 1999: 16-16 [Full Text]  
• Sanders, T A B (1999). Food production and food safety. BMJ 318: 1689-1693 [Full Text]  
• (1999). Quinolone Resistance Comes Home to Roost. JWatch General 1999: 1-1 [Full Text]  
• Wegener, H. C. (1999). The Consequences for Food Safety of the Use of Fluoroquinolones in Food Animals. NEJM 340: 1581-1582 [Full Text]  
• Smith, D. L., Harris, A. D., Johnson, J. A., Silbergeld, E. K., Morris, J. G. Jr. (2002). Animal antibiotic use has an early but important impact on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in human commensal bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 6434-6439 [Abstract] [Full Text]