Coronary Stenting plus Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Blockade Compared with Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Albert Schömig, M.D., Adnan Kastrati, M.D., Josef Dirschinger, M.D., Julinda Mehilli, M.D., Ullrich Schricke, M.D., Jürgen Pache, M.D., Stefan Martinoff, M.D., Franz-Josef Neumann, M.D., Markus Schwaiger, M.D., for The Stent versus Thrombolysis for Occluded Coronary Arteries in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Study Investigators
Background Prevention of myocardial damage is the main goalof all reperfusion therapies in patients with acute myocardialinfarction. The relative efficacy of various reperfusion strategiesis under intensive investigation. We assessed whether coronarystenting combined with the blockade of platelet glycoproteinIIb/IIIa receptors produces a greater degree of myocardial salvagethan fibrinolysis with an accelerated infusion of alteplase,a tissue plasminogen activator.
Methods A total of 140 patients were enrolled in the randomizedtrial; 71 were assigned to receive a stent plus abciximab, and69 to receive intravenous alteplase. The primary end point wasthe degree of myocardial salvage, determined by means of serialscintigraphic studies with technetium Tc 99m sestamibi. Thesecondary end point was a composite of death, reinfarction,and stroke within six months after randomization.
Results In the group that received a stent plus abciximab, themedian size of the final infarct was 14.3 percent of the leftventricle (25th and 75th percentiles, 6.8 and 24.5 percent),as compared with a median of 19.4 percent (25th and 75th percentiles,7.9 and 34.2 percent) in the alteplase group (P=0.02). Thisdifference was due to the larger salvage index (the percentageof the left ventricle that was salvaged, divided by the percentagethat was compromised by the initial perfusion defect) in thestent group: 0.57 (25th and 75th percentiles, 0.35 and 0.69),as compared with 0.26 (25th and 75th percentiles, 0.09 and 0.61;P<0.001). The cumulative incidence of death, reinfarction,or stroke at six months was lower in the stent group than inthe alteplase group (8.5 vs. 23.2 percent, P=0.02; relativerisk, 0.34; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.13 to 0.88).
Conclusions In patients with acute myocardial infarction, coronarystenting plus abciximab leads to a greater degree of myocardialsalvage and a better clinical outcome than does fibrinolysiswith a tissue plasminogen activator.
Source Information
From the Deutsches Herzzentrum (A.S., A.K., J.D., J.M., S.M.), the 1. Medizinische Klinik rechts der Isar (A.S., J.P., F.-J.N.), and the Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin rechts der Isar (U.S., M.S.), Technische Universität, Munich, Germany.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Schömig at Deutsches Herzzentrum, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636 Munich, Germany, or at aschoemig{at}dhm.mhn.de.
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