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ABSTRACT

Background The survival of patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma after chemotherapy is influenced by molecular features of the tumors. We used the gene-expression profiles of these lymphomas to develop a molecular predictor of survival.

Methods Biopsy samples of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma from 240 patients were examined for gene expression with the use of DNA microarrays and analyzed for genomic abnormalities. Subgroups with distinctive gene-expression profiles were defined on the basis of hierarchical clustering. A molecular predictor of risk was constructed with the use of genes with expression patterns that were associated with survival in a preliminary group of 160 patients and was then tested in a validation group of 80 patients. The accuracy of this predictor was compared with that of the international prognostic index.

Results Three gene-expression subgroups — germinal-center B-cell–like, activated B-cell–like, and type 3 diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma — were identified. Two common oncogenic events in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma, bcl-2 translocation and c-rel amplification, were detected only in the germinal-center B-cell–like subgroup. Patients in this subgroup had the highest five-year survival rate. To identify other molecular determinants of outcome, we searched for individual genes with expression patterns that correlated with survival in the preliminary group of patients. Most of these genes fell within four gene-expression signatures characteristic of germinal-center B cells, proliferating cells, reactive stromal and immune cells in the lymph node, or major-histocompatibility-complex class II complex. We used 17 genes to construct a predictor of overall survival after chemotherapy. This gene-based predictor and the international prognostic index were independent prognostic indicators.

Conclusions DNA microarrays can be used to formulate a molecular predictor of survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma.

Source Information

From the Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research (A.R., L.M.S.), and the Biometric Research Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (G.W.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.; the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (W.C.C.); British Columbia Cancer Center, Vancouver, B.C., Canada (J.M.C., R.D.G.); Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.); Southwest Oncology Group and James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, N.Y. (R.I.F.); the Department of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.K.M.-H.); and the Department of Immunology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway (E.B.S.).

Other authors were Jena M. Giltnane, B.S., Elaine M. Hurt, Ph.D., Hong Zhao, M.S., Lauren Averett, B.A., Liming Yang, Ph.D., Wyndham H. Wilson, M.D., Ph.D., Elaine S. Jaffe, M.D., Richard Simon, D.Sc., and Richard D. Klausner, M.D., National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md.; John Powell, M.S., Center for Information Technology, NIH, Bethesda, Md.; Patricia L. Duffey, R.N., and Dan L. Longo, M.D., National Institute on Aging, NIH Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore; Timothy C. Greiner, M.D., Dennis D. Weisenburger, M.D., Warren G. Sanger, Ph.D., Bhavana J. Dave, Ph.D., James C. Lynch, Ph.D., Julie Vose, M.D., and James O. Armitage, M.D., University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Emilio Montserrat, M.D., and Armando López-Guillermo, M.D., Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Thomas M. Grogan, M.D., and Thomas P. Miller, M.D., Southwest Oncology Group and University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson; Michel LeBlanc, Ph.D., Southwest Oncology Group and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle; German Ott, M.D., University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; and Stein Kvaloy, M.D., Ph.D., Jan Delabie, M.D., Ph.D., Harald Holte, M.D., Ph.D., Peter Krajci, M.D., Ph.D., and Trond Stokke, Ph.D., Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Staudt at the Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10, Rm. 4N114, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, or at lstaudt{at}mail.nih.gov.

Full Text of this Article

Related Letters:

Molecular Profiling of Lymphoma
Akhtar S., Copur M. S., Ledakis P., Bolton M., Staudt L. M., the Lymphoma/Leukemia Molecular Profiling Project
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1376-1377, Oct 24, 2002. Correspondence

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