FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 350:2140-2150 May 20, 2004 Number 21 Next

	Full Text PDF PDA Full Text PowerPoint Slide Set Perspective by Hlatky, M. A. Editorial by Rogers, J. G. Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited E-mail When Letters Appear PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background We tested the hypothesis that prophylactic cardiac-resynchronization therapy in the form of biventricular stimulation with a pacemaker with or without a defibrillator would reduce the risk of death and hospitalization among patients with advanced chronic heart failure and intraventricular conduction delays.

Methods A total of 1520 patients who had advanced heart failure (New York Heart Association class III or IV) due to ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathies and a QRS interval of at least 120 msec were randomly assigned in a 1:2:2 ratio to receive optimal pharmacologic therapy (diuretics, angiotensin-converting–enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, and spironolactone) alone or in combination with cardiac-resynchronization therapy with either a pacemaker or a pacemaker–defibrillator. The primary composite end point was the time to death from or hospitalization for any cause.

Results As compared with optimal pharmacologic therapy alone, cardiac-resynchronization therapy with a pacemaker decreased the risk of the primary end point (hazard ratio, 0.81; P=0.014), as did cardiac-resynchronization therapy with a pacemaker–defibrillator (hazard ratio, 0.80; P=0.01). The risk of the combined end point of death from or hospitalization for heart failure was reduced by 34 percent in the pacemaker group (P<0.002) and by 40 percent in the pacemaker–defibrillator group (P<0.001 for the comparison with the pharmacologic-therapy group). A pacemaker reduced the risk of the secondary end point of death from any cause by 24 percent (P=0.059), and a pacemaker–defibrillator reduced the risk by 36 percent (P=0.003).

Conclusions In patients with advanced heart failure and a prolonged QRS interval, cardiac-resynchronization therapy decreases the combined risk of death from any cause or first hospitalization and, when combined with an implantable defibrillator, significantly reduces mortality.

Source Information

From the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver (M.R.B.); the University of Southern California, Los Angeles (L.A.S.); Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pa. (J.B.); Bryan Memorial Hospital, Lincoln, Nebr. (S.K.); Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore (D.A.K.); Moffit Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.D.M.); Washington, D.C., Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, D.C. (P.C.); Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ann Arbor, Mich. (L.D.); University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School, Madison (D. DeMets); Clinical Cardiovascular Research, Gaithersburg, Md. (B.G.W.); Guidant Corporation, St. Paul, Minn. (D. DeVries); and Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia (A.M.F.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Bristow at the Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 E. Ninth Ave., Denver, CO 80262, or at michael.bristow{at}uchsc.edu.

Full Text of this Article

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Janousek, J, Gebauer, R A, Abdul-Khaliq, H, Turner, M, Kornyei, L, Grollmuss, O, Rosenthal, E, Villain, E, Fruh, A, Paul, T, Blom, N A, Happonen, J-M, Bauersfeld, U, Jacobsen, J R, van den Heuvel, F, Delhaas, T, Papagiannis, J, Trigo, C, for the Working Group for Cardiac Dysrhythmias and, (2009). Cardiac resynchronisation therapy in paediatric and congenital heart disease: differential effects in various anatomical and functional substrates. Heart 95: 1165-1171 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stahlberg, M., Damgaard, M., Norsk, P., Gabrielsen, A., Sahlen, A., Linde, C., Braunschweig, F. (2009). Cardiac output response to changes of the atrioventricular delay in different body positions and during exercise in patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy. Europace 0: eup173v1-eup173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Brignole, M. (2009). Are complications of implantable defibrillators under-estimated and benefits over-estimated?. Europace 0: eup174v1-eup174 [Full Text]  
• Mont, L., Guasch, E., Berruezo, A. (2009). An implantable defibrillator and what else?. Eur Heart J 30: 1551-1553 [Full Text]  
• Gervais, R., Leclercq, C., Shankar, A., Jacobs, S., Eiskjaer, H., Johannessen, A., Freemantle, N., Cleland, J. G.F., Tavazzi, L., Daubert, C., on behalf of the CARE-HF investigators, (2009). Surface electrocardiogram to predict outcome in candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy: a sub-analysis of the CARE-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail 11: 699-705 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, Q, van Bommel, R J, Fung, J W-H, Chan, J Y-S, Bleeker, G B, Ypenburg, C, Yip, G, Liang, Y-j, Schalij, M J, Bax, J J, Yu, C-M (2009). Tissue Doppler velocity is superior to strain imaging in predicting long-term cardiovascular events after cardiac resynchronisation therapy. Heart 95: 1085-1090 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Patwala, A. Y., Woods, P. R., Sharp, L., Goldspink, D. F., Tan, L. B., Wright, D. J. (2009). Maximizing Patient Benefit From Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy With the Addition of Structured Exercise Training: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 2332-2339 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Task force members, , Vijgen, J., Botto, G., Camm, J., Hoijer, C.-J., Jung, W., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Lubinski, A., Norekval, T. M., Santomauro, M., Schalij, M., Schmid, J.-P., Vardas, P. (2009). Consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association: updated recommendations for driving by patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Europace 0: eup112v1-eup112 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boriani, G., Gasparini, M., Landolina, M., Lunati, M., Biffi, M., Santini, M., Padeletti, L., Molon, G., Botto, G., De Santo, T., Valsecchi, S., on behalf of the InSync/InSync ICD Italian Registr, (2009). Effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients with valvular heart disease: comparison with patients affected by ischaemic heart disease or dilated cardiomyopathy. The InSync/InSync ICD Italian Registry. Eur Heart J 0: ehp226v1-ehp226 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schmidt, M., Rittger, H., Marschang, H., Sinha, A.-M., Daccarett, M., Brachmann, J., Block, M., Breithardt, O. A. (2009). Left ventricular dyssynchrony from right ventricular pacing depends on intraventricular conduction pattern in intrinsic rhythm. Eur J Echocardiogr 0: jep069v1-jep069 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Berger, R., Shankar, A., Fruhwald, F., Fahrleitner-Pammer, A., Freemantle, N., Tavazzi, L., Cleland, J. G.F., Pacher, R. (2009). Relationships between cardiac resynchronization therapy and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with heart failure and markers of cardiac dyssynchrony: an analysis from the Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure (CARE-HF) study. Eur Heart J 0: ehp210v1-ehp210 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Eberhardt, F., Heringlake, M., Massalme, M. S., Dyllus, A., Misfeld, M., Sievers, H.-H., Wiegand, U. K.H., Hanke, T. (2009). The effect of biventricular pacing after coronary artery bypass grafting: A prospective randomized trial of different pacing modes in patients with reduced left ventricular function.. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 137: 1461-1467 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Agricola, E., Ielasi, A., Oppizzi, M., Faggiano, P., Ferri, L., Calabrese, A., Vizzardi, E., Alfieri, O., Margonato, A. (2009). Long-term prognosis of medically treated patients with functional mitral regurgitation and left ventricular dysfunction. Eur J Heart Fail 11: 581-587 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dilaveris, P., Giannopoulos, G., Synetos, A., Aggeli, C., Raftopoulos, L., Arsenos, P., Gatzoulis, K., Stefanadis, C. (2009). Effect of biventricular pacing on ventricular repolarization and functional indices in patients with heart failure: lack of association with arrhythmic events. Europace 11: 741-750 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bax, J. J., Gorcsan, J. III (2009). Echocardiography and noninvasive imaging in cardiac resynchronization therapy: results of the PROSPECT (Predictors of Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) study in perspective.. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 1933-1943 [Full Text]  
• Hawkins, N. M., Petrie, M. C., Burgess, M. I., McMurray, J. J.V. (2009). Selecting patients for cardiac resynchronization therapy: the fallacy of echocardiographic dyssynchrony.. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 1944-1959 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boveda, S., Marijon, E., Jacob, S., Defaye, P., Winter, J. B., Bulava, A., Gras, D., Albenque, J. P., Combes, N., Pavin, D., Delarche, N., Teubl, A., Lambiez, M., Chevalier, P., on behalf of the Mona Lisa Study Group, (2009). Incidence and prognostic significance of sustained ventricular tachycardias in heart failure patients implanted with biventricular pacemakers without a back-up defibrillator: results from the prospective, multicentre, Mona Lisa cohort study. Eur Heart J 30: 1237-1244 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boogers, M. M., Van Kriekinge, S. D., Henneman, M. M., Ypenburg, C., Van Bommel, R. J., Boersma, E., Dibbets-Schneider, P., Stokkel, M. P., Schalij, M. J., Berman, D. S., Germano, G., Bax, J. J. (2009). Quantitative Gated SPECT-Derived Phase Analysis on Gated Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Detects Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony and Predicts Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. JNM 50: 718-725 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Borleffs, C. J. W., van Bommel, R. J., Molhoek, S. G., de Leeuw, J. G., Schalij, M. J., van Erven, L. (2009). Requirement for coronary sinus lead interventions and effectiveness of endovascular replacement during long-term follow-up after implantation of a resynchronization device. Europace 11: 607-611 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tomlinson, D. R., Bashir, Y., Betts, T. R., Rajappan, K. (2009). Accuracy of manual QRS duration assessment: its importance in patient selection for cardiac resynchronization and implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy. Europace 11: 638-642 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alonso, C. (2009). In the field of cardiac resynchronization therapy is left ventricular pacing via the coronary sinus a mature technique. Europace 11: 544-545 [Full Text]  
• Khan, F. Z., Virdee, M. S., Fynn, S. P., Dutka, D. P. (2009). Left ventricular lead placement in cardiac resynchronization therapy: where and how?. Europace 11: 554-561 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cubbon, R. M, Witte, K. K A (2009). Cardiac resynchronisation therapy for chronic heart failure and conduction delay. BMJ 338: b1265-b1265 [Full Text]  
• Curtis, J. P., Luebbert, J. J., Wang, Y., Rathore, S. S., Chen, J., Heidenreich, P. A., Hammill, S. C., Lampert, R. I., Krumholz, H. M. (2009). Association of Physician Certification and Outcomes Among Patients Receiving an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. JAMA 301: 1661-1670 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hunt, S. A., Abraham, W. T., Chin, M. H., Feldman, A. M., Francis, G. S., Ganiats, T. G., Jessup, M., Konstam, M. A., Mancini, D. M., Michl, K., Oates, J. A., Rahko, P. S., Silver, M. A., Stevenson, L. W., Yancy, C. W. (2009). 2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: e1-e90 [Full Text]  
• Jessup, M., Abraham, W. T., Casey, D. E., Feldman, A. M., Francis, G. S., Ganiats, T. G., Konstam, M. A., Mancini, D. M., Rahko, P. S., Silver, M. A., Stevenson, L. W., Yancy, C. W. (2009). 2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 1343-1382 [Full Text]  
• 2009 WRITING GROUP TO REVIEW NEW EVIDENCE AND UPDA, , Jessup, M., Abraham, W. T., Casey, D. E., Feldman, A. M., Francis, G. S., Ganiats, T. G., Konstam, M. A., Mancini, D. M., Rahko, P. S., Silver, M. A., Stevenson, L. W., Yancy, C. W. (2009). 2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation 119: 1977-2016 [Full Text]  
• 2005 WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS, , Hunt, S. A., Abraham, W. T., Chin, M. H., Feldman, A. M., Francis, G. S., Ganiats, T. G., Jessup, M., Konstam, M. A., Mancini, D. M., Michl, K., Oates, J. A., Rahko, P. S., Silver, M. A., Stevenson, L. W., Yancy, C. W. (2009). 2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation 119: e391-e479 [Full Text]  
• O'Connor, C. M., Whellan, D. J., Lee, K. L., Keteyian, S. J., Cooper, L. S., Ellis, S. J., Leifer, E. S., Kraus, W. E., Kitzman, D. W., Blumenthal, J. A., Rendall, D. S., Miller, N. H., Fleg, J. L., Schulman, K. A., McKelvie, R. S., Zannad, F., Pina, I. L., for the HF-ACTION Investigators, (2009). Efficacy and Safety of Exercise Training in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: HF-ACTION Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 301: 1439-1450 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Abraham, T., Kass, D., Tonti, G., Tomassoni, G. F., Abraham, W. T., Bax, J. J., Marwick, T. H. (2009). Imaging Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol Img 2: 486-497 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wikstrom, G., Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C., Andren, B., Lonnerholm, S., Blomstrom, P., Freemantle, N., Remp, T., Cleland, J. G.F., on behalf of the CARE-HF study investigators, (2009). The effects of aetiology on outcome in patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy in the CARE-HF trial. Eur Heart J 30: 782-788 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gulizia, M. M., Piraino, L., Scherillo, M., Puntrello, C., Vasco, C., Scianaro, M. C., Mascia, F., Pensabene, O., Giglia, S., Chiaranda, G., Vaccaro, I., Mangiameli, S., Corrao, D., Santi, E., Grammatico, A., on behalf of PITAGORA ICD Study Investigators, (2009). A Randomized Study to Compare Ramp Versus Burst Antitachycardia Pacing Therapies to Treat Fast Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: The PITAGORA ICD Trial. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol 2: 146-153 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baman, T. S., Gupta, S. K., Valle, J. A., Yamada, E. (2009). Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients With Cardiac Device-Related Infection. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol 2: 129-134 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Santini, M., Russo, M., Botto, G., Lunati, M., Proclemer, A., Schmidt, B., Erdogan, A., Helmling, E., Rauhe, W., Desaga, M., Santi, E., Messier, M., Boriani, G. (2009). Clinical and arrhythmic outcomes after implantation of a defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden death in patients with post-myocardial infarction cardiomyopathy: The Survey to Evaluate Arrhythmia Rate in High-risk MI patients (SEARCH-MI). Europace 11: 476-482 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Proclemer, A., Ghidina, M., Gregori, D., Facchin, D., Rebellato, L., Fioretti, P., Brignole, M. (2009). Impact of the main implantable cardioverter-defibrillator trials in clinical practice: data from the Italian ICD Registry for the years 2005-07. Europace 11: 465-475 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Valk, S., Jordaens, L. (2009). Primary prevention: a necessity after myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction. Europace 11: 407-408 [Full Text]  
• Foley, P. W.X., Muhyaldeen, S. A., Chalil, S., Smith, R. E.A., Sanderson, J. E., Leyva, F. (2009). Long-term effects of upgrading from right ventricular pacing to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure. Europace 11: 495-501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Komajda, M. (2009). Heart failure guidelines in North America and Europe: agreement or disagreement?. Eur J Heart Fail Suppl 8: i11-i14 [Full Text]  
• Connelly, D.T. (2009). Current controversies in using electrical devices. Eur J Heart Fail Suppl 8: i21-i24 [Full Text]  
• Panicker, G K, Desai, B, Lokhandwala, Y (2009). Choosing pacemakers appropriately. Heart Asia 2009: 11-15 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chakir, K., Daya, S. K., Aiba, T., Tunin, R. S., Dimaano, V. L., Abraham, T. P., Jaques, K., Lai, E. W., Pacak, K., Zhu, W.-Z., Xiao, R.-p., Tomaselli, G. F., Kass, D. A. (2009). Mechanisms of Enhanced {beta}-Adrenergic Reserve From Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Circulation 119: 1231-1240 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Aiba, T., Hesketh, G. G., Barth, A. S., Liu, T., Daya, S., Chakir, K., Dimaano, V. L., Abraham, T. P., O'Rourke, B., Akar, F. G., Kass, D. A., Tomaselli, G. F. (2009). Electrophysiological Consequences of Dyssynchronous Heart Failure and Its Restoration by Resynchronization Therapy. Circulation 119: 1220-1230 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cleland, J. G.F., Cullington, D. (2009). Digoxin: Quo Vadis?. Circ Heart Fail 2: 81-85 [Full Text]  
• Bauer, A., Barthel, P., Schneider, R., Ulm, K., Muller, A., Joeinig, A., Stich, R., Kiviniemi, A., Hnatkova, K., Huikuri, H., Schomig, A., Malik, M., Schmidt, G. (2009). Improved Stratification of Autonomic Regulation for risk prediction in post-infarction patients with preserved left ventricular function (ISAR-Risk). Eur Heart J 30: 576-583 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• The CRT Survey Scientific Committee, (2009). European cardiac resynchronization therapy survey: rationale and design. Eur J Heart Fail 11: 326-330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Duray, G. Z., Schmitt, J., Cicek-Hartvig, S., Hohnloser, S. H., Israel, C. W. (2009). Complications leading to surgical revision in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients: comparison of patients with single-chamber, dual-chamber, and biventricular devices. Europace 11: 297-302 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rivero-Ayerza, M., Schaer, B. (2009). Device therapy in heart failure: do all treatment goals apply to all patients?. Europace 11: 280-282 [Full Text]  
• Kukin, M. L., Kapoor, R., Kapoor, J. R., Myerburg, R. J. (2009). Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. NEJM 360: 937-938 [Full Text]  
• Yancy, C. W., Filardo, G. (2009). Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure: Has the Time Come?. Circulation 119: 916-918 [Full Text]  
• Anand, I. S., Carson, P., Galle, E., Song, R., Boehmer, J., Ghali, J. K., Jaski, B., Lindenfeld, J., O'Connor, C., Steinberg, J. S., Leigh, J., Yong, P., Kosorok, M. R., Feldman, A. M., DeMets, D., Bristow, M. R. (2009). Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Reduces the Risk of Hospitalizations in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: Results From the Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing and Defibrillation in Heart Failure (COMPANION) Trial. Circulation 119: 969-977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cleland, J. G.F., Tavazzi, L., Daubert, J.-C., Tageldien, A., Freemantle, N. (2009). Cardiac resynchronization therapy are modern myths preventing appropriate use?. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 608-611 [Full Text]  
• Ypenburg, C., van Bommel, R. J., Borleffs, C. J. W., Bleeker, G. B., Boersma, E., Schalij, M. J., Bax, J. J. (2009). Long-term prognosis after cardiac resynchronization therapy is related to the extent of left ventricular reverse remodeling at midterm follow-up.. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 483-490 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hansky, B., Vogt, J., Zittermann, A., Guldner, H., Heintze, J., Schulz, U., Horstkotte, D., Tenderich, G., Korfer, R. (2009). Cardiac resynchronization therapy: long-term alternative to cardiac transplantation?. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 87: 432-438 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nicolini, F., Gherli, T. (2009). Alternatives to transplantation in the surgical therapy for heart failure. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 35: 214-228 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Koplan, B. A., Kaplan, A. J., Weiner, S., Jones, P. W., Seth, M., Christman, S. A. (2009). Heart failure decompensation and all-cause mortality in relation to percent biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure is a goal of 100% biventricular pacing necessary?. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 355-360 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Faddis, M. N. (2009). A dose response for cardiac resynchronization therapy?. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 361-362 [Full Text]  
• DeMaria, A. N., Ben-Yehuda, O., Bax, J. J., Feld, G. K., Greenberg, B. H., Lew, W. Y.W., Lima, J. A.C., Maisel, A. S., Narayan, S. M., Sahn, D. J., Tsimikas, S. (2009). Highlights of the Year in JACC 2008.. J Am Coll Cardiol 53: 373-398 [Full Text]  
• Zhang, Q, Fung, J W-H, Chan, J Y-S, Yip, G, Lam, Y-Y, Liang, Y-J, Yu, C-M (2009). Difference in long-term clinical outcome after cardiac resynchronisation therapy between ischaemic and non-ischaemic aetiologies of heart failure. Heart 95: 113-118 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rocchi, G., Bertini, M., Biffi, M., Ziacchi, M., Biagini, E., Gallelli, I., Martignani, C., Cervi, E., Ferlito, M., Rapezzi, C., Branzi, A., Boriani, G. (2009). Exercise stress echocardiography is superior to rest echocardiography in predicting left ventricular reverse remodelling and functional improvement after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur Heart J 30: 89-97 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thohan, V., Little, W. C (2009). Is a higher blood pressure better in heart failure?. Heart 95: 4-5 [Full Text]  
• Raphael, C E, Whinnett, Z I, Davies, J E, Fontana, M, Ferenczi, E A, Manisty, C H, Mayet, J, Francis, D P (2009). Quantifying the paradoxical effect of higher systolic blood pressure on mortality in chronic heart failure. Heart 95: 56-62 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lepillier, A., Piot, O., Gerritse, B., Copie, X., Lavergne, T., Paziaud, O., Lascault, G., Waintraub, X., Otmani, A., Le Heuzey, J.-Y. (2009). Relationship between New York Heart Association class change and ventricular tachyarrhythmia occurrence in patients treated with cardiac resynchronization plus defibrillator. Europace 11: 80-85 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nazeri, A., Massumi, A., Rasekh, A., Saeed, M., Frank, C., Wilson, J. M., Lopez, J. A., Razavi, M. (2009). Cardiac resynchronization therapy may improve symptoms of congestive heart failure in patients without electrical or mechanical dyssynchrony. Europace 11: 86-88 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Linde, C., Abraham, W. T., Gold, M. R., St. John Sutton, M., Ghio, S., Daubert, C., REVERSE (REsynchronization reVErses Remodeling in, (2008). Randomized Trial of Cardiac Resynchronization in Mildly Symptomatic Heart Failure Patients and in Asymptomatic Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Previous Heart Failure Symptoms. J Am Coll Cardiol 52: 1834-1843 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Turley, A. J., Raja, S. G., Salhiyyah, K., Nagarajan, K. (2008). Does cardiac resynchronisation therapy improve survival and quality of life in patients with end-stage heart failure?. ICVTS 7: 1141-1146 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marcucci, C., Lauer, R., Mahajan, A. (2008). New Echocardiographic Techniques for Evaluating Left Ventricular Myocardial Function. SEMIN CARDIOTHORAC VASC ANESTH 12: 228-247 [Abstract]  
• Santos, K. R., Adragao, P., Cavaco, D., Morgado, F. B., Candeias, R., Lima, S., Silva, J. A. (2008). Diaphragmatic myopotential oversensing in pacemaker-dependent patients with CRT-D devices. Europace 10: 1381-1386 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gold, M. R., Ip, J. H., Costantini, O., Poole, J. E., McNulty, S., Mark, D. B., Lee, K. L., Bardy, G. H. (2008). Role of Microvolt T-Wave Alternans in Assessment of Arrhythmia Vulnerability Among Patients With Heart Failure and Systolic Dysfunction: Primary Results From the T-Wave Alternans Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial Substudy. Circulation 118: 2022-2028 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Landolina, M., Gasparini, M., Lunati, M., Santini, M., Rordorf, R., Vincenti, A., Diotallevi, P., Montenero, A. S., Bonanno, C., De Santo, T., Valsecchi, S., Padeletti, L., InSync/InSync ICD Italian Registry Investigators, (2008). Heart rate variability monitored by the implanted device predicts response to CRT and long-term clinical outcome in patients with advanced heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 10: 1073-1079 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Buck, S., Maass, A. H., Nieuwland, W., Anthonio, R. L., Van Veldhuisen, D. J., Van Gelder, I. C. (2008). Impact of interventricular lead distance and the decrease in septal-to-lateral delay on response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Europace 10: 1313-1319 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Foley, P. W.X., Chalil, S., Khadjooi, K., Smith, R. E.A., Frenneaux, M. P., Leyva, F. (2008). Long-term effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy in octogenarians: a comparative study with a younger population. Europace 10: 1302-1307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kontogeorgis, A., Li, X., Kang, E. Y., Feig, J. E., Ponzio, M., Kang, G., Kaba, R. A., Wit, A. L., Fisher, E. A., Morley, G. E., Peters, N. S., Coetzee, W. A., Gutstein, D. E. (2008). Decreased connexin43 expression in the mouse heart potentiates pacing-induced remodeling of repolarizing currents. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 295: H1905-H1916 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gorcsan, J. III, Suffoletto, M. S. (2008). The role of tissue Doppler and strain imaging in predicting response to CRT. Europace 10: iii80-iii87 [Abstract] [Full Text]