A Multigene Assay to Predict Recurrence of Tamoxifen-Treated, Node-Negative Breast Cancer

doi:10.1056/NEJMoa041588

Volume 351:2817-2826		December 30, 2004		Number 27

A Multigene Assay to Predict Recurrence of Tamoxifen-Treated, Node-Negative Breast Cancer

Soonmyung Paik, M.D., Steven Shak, M.D., Gong Tang, Ph.D., Chungyeul Kim, M.D., Joffre Baker, Ph.D., Maureen Cronin, Ph.D., Frederick L. Baehner, M.D., Michael G. Walker, Ph.D., Drew Watson, Ph.D., Taesung Park, Ph.D., William Hiller, H.T., Edwin R. Fisher, M.D., D. Lawrence Wickerham, M.D., John Bryant, Ph.D., and Norman Wolmark, M.D.

Full Text

PDF

PDA Full Text

PowerPoint Slide Set

Supplementary Material

Editorial
by Bast, R. C.

Letters
Letters

Add to Personal Archive

Add to Citation Manager

Notify a Friend

E-mail When Cited

E-mail When Letters Appear

PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background The likelihood of distant recurrence in patientswith breast cancer who have no involved lymph nodes and estrogen-receptor–positivetumors is poorly defined by clinical and histopathological measures.

Methods We tested whether the results of a reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction(RT-PCR) assay of 21 prospectively selected genes in paraffin-embeddedtumor tissue would correlate with the likelihood of distantrecurrence in patients with node-negative, tamoxifen-treatedbreast cancer who were enrolled in the National Surgical AdjuvantBreast and Bowel Project clinical trial B-14. The levels ofexpression of 16 cancer-related genes and 5 reference geneswere used in a prospectively defined algorithm to calculatea recurrence score and to determine a risk group (low, intermediate,or high) for each patient.

Results Adequate RT-PCR profiles were obtained in 668 of 675tumor blocks. The proportions of patients categorized as havinga low, intermediate, or high risk by the RT-PCR assay were 51,22, and 27 percent, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier estimatesof the rates of distant recurrence at 10 years in the low-risk,intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups were 6.8 percent (95percent confidence interval, 4.0 to 9.6), 14.3 percent (95 percentconfidence interval, 8.3 to 20.3), and 30.5 percent (95 percentconfidence interval, 23.6 to 37.4). The rate in the low-riskgroup was significantly lower than that in the high-risk group(P<0.001). In a multivariate Cox model, the recurrence scoreprovided significant predictive power that was independent ofage and tumor size (P<0.001). The recurrence score was alsopredictive of overall survival (P<0.001) and could be usedas a continuous function to predict distant recurrence in individualpatients.

Conclusions The recurrence score has been validated as quantifyingthe likelihood of distant recurrence in tamoxifen-treated patientswith node-negative, estrogen-receptor–positive breastcancer.

Source Information

From the Division of Pathology, Operation Center, and the Biostatistics Center, National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project, Pittsburgh (S.P., G.T., C.K., T.P., W.H., E.R.F., D.L.W., J.B., N.W.); Genomic Health, Redwood City, Calif. (S.S., J.B., M.C., M.G.W., D.W.); the Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (G.T., J.B.); and the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (F.L.B.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Paik at the Division of Pathology, NSABP, 4 Allegheny Center, 5th Fl., East Commons Professional Bldg., Pittsburgh, PA 15212, or at spaik.nejm{at}nsabp.org.

Full Text of this Article

Related Letters:

Molecular Prediction of Recurrence of Breast Cancer
Geradts J., Goodson W. H. III, Tang C. G., Lin A. Y., Tanvetyanon T., Paik S., Wolmark N., Shak S., Bast R. C. Jr., Hortobagyi G. N.
Extract | Full Text | PDF
N Engl J Med 2005; 352:1605-1607, Apr 14, 2005. Correspondence

Molecular Prediction of Recurrence of Breast Cancer
Lombardo J. F., Paik S., Tang G.
Extract | Full Text | PDF
N Engl J Med 2005; 353:1300, Sep 22, 2005. Correspondence

This article has been cited by other articles:

Bueno-de-Mesquita, J. M., Sonke, G. S., van de Vijver, M. J., Linn, S. C. (2009). Additional value and potential use of the 70-gene prognosis signature in node-negative breast cancer in daily clinical practice. Ann Oncol 0: mdp547v1-mdp547 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Welboren, W.-J., Sweep, F. C G J, Span, P. N, Stunnenberg, H. G (2009). Genomic actions of estrogen receptor {alpha}: what are the targets and how are they regulated?. Endocr Relat Cancer 16: 1073-1089 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Darb-Esfahani, S., Wirtz, R. M, Sinn, B. V, Budczies, J., Noske, A., Weichert, W., Faggad, A., Scharff, S., Sehouli, J., Oskay-Ozcelik, G., Zamagni, C., De Iaco, P., Martoni, A., Dietel, M., Denkert, C. (2009). Estrogen receptor 1 mRNA is a prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma: determination by kinetic PCR in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Endocr Relat Cancer 16: 1229-1239 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Montemurro, F., Aglietta, M. (2009). Hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer: controversies in the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 16: 1091-1102 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gould Rothberg, B. E., Berger, A. J., Molinaro, A. M., Subtil, A., Krauthammer, M. O., Camp, R. L., Bradley, W. R., Ariyan, S., Kluger, H. M., Rimm, D. L. (2009). Melanoma Prognostic Model Using Tissue Microarrays and Genetic Algorithms. JCO 27: 5772-5780 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roepman, P., Horlings, H. M., Krijgsman, O., Kok, M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, J. M., Bender, R., Linn, S. C., Glas, A. M., van de Vijver, M. J. (2009). Microarray-Based Determination of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and HER2 Receptor Status in Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 15: 7003-7011 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Solinas, G., Germano, G., Mantovani, A., Allavena, P. (2009). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) as major players of the cancer-related inflammation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 86: 1065-1073 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lao-Sirieix, P, Boussioutas, A, Kadri, S R, O'Donovan, M, Debiram, I, Das, M, Harihar, L, Fitzgerald, R C (2009). Non-endoscopic screening biomarkers for Barrett's oesophagus: from microarray analysis to the clinic. Gut 58: 1451-1459 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Schwers, S., Reifenberger, E., Gehrmann, M., Izmailov, A., Bohmann, K. (2009). A High-Sensitivity, Medium-Density, and Target Amplification-Free Planar Waveguide Microarray System for Gene Expression Analysis of Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Tissue. Clin. Chem. 55: 1995-2003 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Esserman, L., Shieh, Y., Thompson, I. (2009). Rethinking Screening for Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer. JAMA 302: 1685-1692 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Colman, H., Zhang, L., Sulman, E. P., McDonald, J. M., Shooshtari, N. L., Rivera, A., Popoff, S., Nutt, C. L., Louis, D. N., Cairncross, J. G., Gilbert, M. R., Phillips, H. S., Mehta, M. P., Chakravarti, A., Pelloski, C. E., Bhat, K., Feuerstein, B. G., Jenkins, R. B., Aldape, K. (2009). A multigene predictor of outcome in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncology 0: nop007v1-nop007 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mook, S., Schmidt, M. K., Weigelt, B., Kreike, B., Eekhout, I., van de Vijver, M. J., Glas, A. M., Floore, A., Rutgers, E. J. T., van 't Veer, L. J. (2009). The 70-gene prognosis signature predicts early metastasis in breast cancer patients between 55 and 70 years of age. Ann Oncol 0: mdp388v1-mdp388 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Millar, E. K.A., Graham, P. H., O'Toole, S. A., McNeil, C. M., Browne, L., Morey, A. L., Eggleton, S., Beretov, J., Theocharous, C., Capp, A., Nasser, E., Kearsley, J. H., Delaney, G., Papadatos, G., Fox, C., Sutherland, R. L. (2009). Prediction of Local Recurrence, Distant Metastases, and Death After Breast-Conserving Therapy in Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer Using a Five-Biomarker Panel. JCO 27: 4701-4708 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mankoff, D. A., Dehdashti, F. (2009). Imaging Tumor Phenotype: 1 Plus 1 Is More Than 2. JNM 50: 1567-1569 [Full Text]
Dairkee, S. H., Sayeed, A., Luciani, G., Champion, S., Meng, Z., Jakkula, L. R., Feiler, H. S., Gray, J. W., Moore, D. H. (2009). Immutable Functional Attributes of Histologic Grade Revealed by Context-Independent Gene Expression in Primary Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res. 69: 7826-7834 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Sims, A H (2009). Bioinformatics and breast cancer: what can high-throughput genomic approaches actually tell us?. J. Clin. Pathol. 62: 879-885 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Pusztai, L., Jeong, J.-H., Gong, Y., Ross, J. S., Kim, C., Paik, S., Rouzier, R., Andre, F., Hortobagyi, G. N., Wolmark, N., Symmans, W. F. (2009). Evaluation of Microtubule-Associated Protein-Tau Expression As a Prognostic and Predictive Marker in the NSABP-B 28 Randomized Clinical Trial. JCO 27: 4287-4292 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cianfrocca, M., Gradishar, W. (2009). New Molecular Classifications of Breast Cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 59: 303-313 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Snozek, C. L.H., O'Kane, D. J., Algeciras-Schimnich, A. (2009). Pharmacogenetics of Solid Tumors: Directed Therapy in Breast, Lung, and Colorectal Cancer: A Paper from the 2008 William Beaumont Hospital Symposium on Molecular Pathology. J. Mol. Diagn. 11: 381-389 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Nadler, Y., Gonzalez, A. M., Camp, R. L., Rimm, D. L., Kluger, H. M., Kluger, Y. (2009). Growth factor receptor-bound protein-7 (Grb7) as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 0: mdp346v1-mdp346 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mandrekar, S. J., Sargent, D. J. (2009). Clinical Trial Designs for Predictive Biomarker Validation: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Challenges. JCO 27: 4027-4034 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Burstein, H. J., Souter, I., D'Alessandro, H. A., Sgroi, D. C. (2009). Case 25-2009 -- A 36-Year-Old Woman with Hormone-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. NEJM 361: 699-707 [Full Text]
Correa Geyer, F., Reis-Filho, J. S. (2009). Microarray-based Gene Expression Profiling as a Clinical Tool for Breast Cancer Management: Are We There Yet?. INT J SURG PATHOL 17: 285-302 [Abstract]
Gwin, K., Pinto, M., Tavassoli, F. A (2009). Complementary Value of the Ki-67 Proliferation Index to the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score. INT J SURG PATHOL 17: 303-310 [Abstract]
Alexe, G., Monaco, J., Doyle, S., Basavanhally, A., Reddy, A., Seiler, M., Ganesan, S., Bhanot, G., Madabhushi, A. (2009). Towards Improved Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Analysis of Gene Expression Data and Computer Aided Imaging. Exp. Biol. Med. 234: 860-879 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Choi, Y. H., Ahn, J. H., Kim, S.-B., Jung, K.-H., Gong, G.-Y., Kim, M.-J., Son, B.-H., Ahn, S.-H., Kim, W. K. (2009). Tissue microarray-based study of patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer shows that HER2/neu overexpression is an important predictive marker of poor prognosis. Ann Oncol 20: 1337-1343 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Peters, A. A., Buchanan, G., Ricciardelli, C., Bianco-Miotto, T., Centenera, M. M., Harris, J. M., Jindal, S., Segara, D., Jia, L., Moore, N. L., Henshall, S. M., Birrell, S. N., Coetzee, G. A., Sutherland, R. L., Butler, L. M., Tilley, W. D. (2009). Androgen Receptor Inhibits Estrogen Receptor-{alpha} Activity and Is Prognostic in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 69: 6131-6140 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Bueno-de-Mesquita, J. M., Nuyten, D. S. A., Wesseling, J., van Tinteren, H., Linn, S. C., van de Vijver, M. J. (2009). The impact of inter-observer variation in pathological assessment of node-negative breast cancer on clinical risk assessment and patient selection for adjuvant systemic treatment. Ann Oncol 0: mdp273v1-mdp273 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Shi, L., Dong, B., Li, Z., Lu, Y., Ouyang, T., Li, J., Wang, T., Fan, Z., Fan, T., Lin, B., Wang, Z., Xie, Y. (2009). Expression of ER-{alpha}36, a Novel Variant of Estrogen Receptor {alpha}, and Resistance to Tamoxifen Treatment in Breast Cancer. JCO 27: 3423-3429 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Helms, M. W., Kemming, D., Contag, C. H., Pospisil, H., Bartkowiak, K., Wang, A., Chang, S.-Y., Buerger, H., Brandt, B. H. (2009). TOB1 Is Regulated by EGF-Dependent HER2 and EGFR Signaling, Is Highly Phosphorylated, and Indicates Poor Prognosis in Node-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 69: 5049-5056 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yeatman, T. J. (2009). Predictive Biomarkers: Identification and Verification. JCO 27: 2743-2744 [Full Text]
Guinebretiere, J. M. (2009). Cancer Is Heterogeneous. JCO 27: 2732-2732 [Full Text]
Badve, S. S., Baehner, F. L., Gray, R. P., Childs, B. H., Maddala, T., Liu, M.-L., Rowley, S. C., Shak, S., Perez, E. A., Shulman, L. J., Martino, S., Davidson, N. E., Sledge, G. W., Goldstein, L. J., Sparano, J. A. (2009). Reply to J.M. Guinebretiere and L. Arnould et al. JCO 27: 2734-2735 [Full Text]
Onitilo, A. A., Engel, J. M., Greenlee, R. T., Mukesh, B. N. (2009). Breast Cancer Subtypes Based on ER/PR and Her2 Expression: Comparison of Clinicopathologic Features and Survival. Clin Med Res 7: 4-13 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cheang, M. C. U., Chia, S. K., Voduc, D., Gao, D., Leung, S., Snider, J., Watson, M., Davies, S., Bernard, P. S., Parker, J. S., Perou, C. M., Ellis, M. J., Nielsen, T. O. (2009). Ki67 Index, HER2 Status, and Prognosis of Patients With Luminal B Breast Cancer. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 101: 736-750 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gordon, G. J., Dong, L., Yeap, B. Y., Richards, W. G., Glickman, J. N., Edenfield, H., Mani, M., Colquitt, R., Maulik, G., Van Oss, B., Sugarbaker, D. J., Bueno, R. (2009). Four-Gene Expression Ratio Test for Survival in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Mesothelioma. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 101: 678-686 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mannefeld, M., Klassen, E., Gaubatz, S. (2009). B-MYB Is Required for Recovery from the DNA Damage-Induced G2 Checkpoint in p53 Mutant Cells. Cancer Res. 69: 4073-4080 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Wang, R., Morris, D. S., Tomlins, S. A., Lonigro, R. J., Tsodikov, A., Mehra, R., Giordano, T. J., Kunju, L. P., Lee, C. T., Weizer, A. Z., Chinnaiyan, A. M. (2009). Development of a Multiplex Quantitative PCR Signature to Predict Progression in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancer Res. 69: 3810-3818 [Abstract] [Full Text]
DE CREMOUX, P., GRANDIN, L., DIERAS, V., SAVIGNONI, A., DEGEORGES, A., SALMON, R., BOLLET, M. A., REYAL, F., SIGAL-ZAFRANI, B., VINCENT-SALOMON, A., SASTRE-GARAU, X., MAGDELENAT, H., MIGNOT, L., FOURQUET, A., ON BEHALF OF THE BREAST CANCER STUDY GROUP OF THE, (2009). Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen-activator-inhibitor Type 1 Predict Metastases in Good Prognosis Breast Cancer Patients. Anticancer Res 29: 1475-1482 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Leek, J. T. (2009). The tspair package for finding top scoring pair classifiers in R. Bioinformatics 25: 1203-1204 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Borczuk, A. C., Toonkel, R. L., Powell, C. A. (2009). Genomics of Lung Cancer. Proc Am Thorac Soc 6: 152-158 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Cheng, C.-J., Lin, Y.-C., Tsai, M.-T., Chen, C.-S., Hsieh, M.-C., Chen, C.-L., Yang, R.-B. (2009). SCUBE2 Suppresses Breast Tumor Cell Proliferation and Confers a Favorable Prognosis in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 69: 3634-3641 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kashani-Sabet, M., Rangel, J., Torabian, S., Nosrati, M., Simko, J., Jablons, D. M., Moore, D. H., Haqq, C., Miller, J. R. III, Sagebiel, R. W. (2009). A multi-marker assay to distinguish malignant melanomas from benign nevi. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 6268-6272 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Merlo, A., Casalini, P., Carcangiu, M. L., Malventano, C., Triulzi, T., Menard, S., Tagliabue, E., Balsari, A. (2009). FOXP3 Expression and Overall Survival in Breast Cancer. JCO 27: 1746-1752 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Pitroda, S. P., Khodarev, N. N., Beckett, M. A., Kufe, D. W., Weichselbaum, R. R. (2009). From the Cover: MUC1-induced alterations in a lipid metabolic gene network predict response of human breast cancers to tamoxifen treatment. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 5837-5841 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mustacchi, G., Mansutti, M., Sacco, C., Barni, S., Farris, A., Cazzaniga, M., Cozzi, M., Dellach, C. (2009). Neo-adjuvant exemestane in elderly patients with breast cancer: a phase II, multicentre, open-label, Italian study. Ann Oncol 20: 655-659 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Overdevest, J. B., Theodorescu, D., Lee, J. K. (2009). Utilizing the Molecular Gateway: The Path to Personalized Cancer Management. Clin. Chem. 55: 684-697 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ross, J. S., Slodkowska, E. A., Symmans, W. F., Pusztai, L., Ravdin, P. M., Hortobagyi, G. N. (2009). The HER-2 Receptor and Breast Cancer: Ten Years of Targeted Anti-HER-2 Therapy and Personalized Medicine. The Oncologist 14: 320-368 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roukos, D. H. (2009). Twenty-One-Gene Assay: Challenges and Promises in Translating Personal Genomics and Whole-Genome Scans Into Personalized Treatment of Breast Cancer. JCO 27: 1337-1338 [Full Text]
Hugh, J., Hanson, J., Cheang, M. C. U., Nielsen, T. O., Perou, C. M., Dumontet, C., Reed, J., Krajewska, M., Treilleux, I., Rupin, M., Magherini, E., Mackey, J., Martin, M., Vogel, C. (2009). Breast Cancer Subtypes and Response to Docetaxel in Node-Positive Breast Cancer: Use of an Immunohistochemical Definition in the BCIRG 001 Trial. JCO 27: 1168-1176 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Parker, J. S., Mullins, M., Cheang, M. C.U., Leung, S., Voduc, D., Vickery, T., Davies, S., Fauron, C., He, X., Hu, Z., Quackenbush, J. F., Stijleman, I. J., Palazzo, J., Marron, J.S., Nobel, A. B., Mardis, E., Nielsen, T. O., Ellis, M. J., Perou, C. M., Bernard, P. S. (2009). Supervised Risk Predictor of Breast Cancer Based on Intrinsic Subtypes. JCO 27: 1160-1167 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Sorlie, T. (2009). Introducing Molecular Subtyping of Breast Cancer Into the Clinic?. JCO 27: 1153-1154 [Full Text]
de Reynies, A., Assie, G., Rickman, D. S., Tissier, F., Groussin, L., Rene-Corail, F., Dousset, B., Bertagna, X., Clauser, E., Bertherat, J. (2009). Gene Expression Profiling Reveals a New Classification of Adrenocortical Tumors and Identifies Molecular Predictors of Malignancy and Survival. JCO 27: 1108-1115 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ma, W. W., Adjei, A. A. (2009). Novel Agents on the Horizon for Cancer Therapy. CA Cancer J Clin 59: 111-137 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Brewer, N. T., Tzeng, J. P., Lillie, S. E., Edwards, A. S., Peppercorn, J. M., Rimer, B. K. (2009). Health Literacy and Cancer Risk Perception: Implications for Genomic Risk Communication. Med Decis Making 29: 157-166 [Abstract]
Jeruss, J. S., Woodruff, T. K. (2009). Preservation of Fertility in Patients with Cancer. NEJM 360: 902-911 [Full Text]
Sotiriou, C., Pusztai, L. (2009). Gene-Expression Signatures in Breast Cancer. NEJM 360: 790-800 [Full Text]
Waldman, S. A., Hyslop, T., Schulz, S., Barkun, A., Nielsen, K., Haaf, J., Bonaccorso, C., Li, Y., Weinberg, D. S. (2009). Association of GUCY2C Expression in Lymph Nodes With Time to Recurrence and Disease-Free Survival in pN0 Colorectal Cancer. JAMA 301: 745-752 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ghayad, S. E, Vendrell, J. A, Bieche, I., Spyratos, F., Dumontet, C., Treilleux, I., Lidereau, R., Cohen, P. A (2009). Identification of TACC1, NOV, and PTTG1 as new candidate genes associated with endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 42: 87-103 [Abstract] [Full Text]
van Agthoven, T., Sieuwerts, A. M., Meijer-van Gelder, M. E., Look, M. P., Smid, M., Veldscholte, J., Sleijfer, S., Foekens, J. A., Dorssers, L. C.J. (2009). Relevance of Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance Genes in Human Breast Cancer Progression and Tamoxifen Resistance. JCO 27: 542-549 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mandelblatt, J. S., Silliman, R. (2009). Hanging in the Balance: Making Decisions About the Benefits and Harms of Breast Cancer Screening Among the Oldest Old Without a Safety Net of Scientific Evidence. JCO 27: 487-490 [Full Text]
Bergh, J. (2009). Quo Vadis With Targeted Drugs in the 21st Century?. JCO 27: 2-5 [Full Text]
Lukes, L., Crawford, N. P.S., Walker, R., Hunter, K. W. (2009). The Origins of Breast Cancer Prognostic Gene Expression Profiles. Cancer Res. 69: 310-318 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Badve, S, Nakshatri, H (2009). Oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer: towards bridging histopathological and molecular classifications. J. Clin. Pathol. 62: 6-12 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Morris, P. G., McArthur, H. L., Dang, C. T., Hudis, C. A. (2009). Selection of Appropriate Patients for Anthracycline Therapy. Am Soc Clin Oncol Ed Book 2009: 11-18 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Olopade, O. I., Grushko, T. A., Nanda, R., Huo, D. (2008). Advances in Breast Cancer: Pathways to Personalized Medicine. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 7988-7999 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Dowsett, M., Dunbier, A. K. (2008). Emerging Biomarkers and New Understanding of Traditional Markers in Personalized Therapy for Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 8019-8026 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Guo, N. L., Wan, Y.-W., Tosun, K., Lin, H., Msiska, Z., Flynn, D. C., Remick, S. C., Vallyathan, V., Dowlati, A., Shi, X., Castranova, V., Beer, D. G., Qian, Y. (2008). Confirmation of Gene Expression-Based Prediction of Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 8213-8220 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hassett, M. J., Hughes, M. E., Niland, J. C., Edge, S. B., Theriault, R. L., Wong, Y.-N., Wilson, J., Carter, W. B., Blayney, D. W., Weeks, J. C. (2008). Chemotherapy Use for Hormone Receptor-Positive, Lymph Node-Negative Breast Cancer. JCO 26: 5553-5560 [Abstract] [Full Text]
de Vries, E. G.E., de Jong, S. (2008). Exploiting the Apoptotic Route for Cancer Treatment: A Single Hit Will Rarely Result in a Home Run. JCO 26: 5151-5153 [Full Text]
Harbeck, N., Nimmrich, I., Hartmann, A., Ross, J. S., Cufer, T., Grutzmann, R., Kristiansen, G., Paradiso, A., Hartmann, O., Margossian, A., Martens, J., Schwope, I., Lukas, A., Muller, V., Milde-Langosch, K., Nahrig, J., Foekens, J., Maier, S., Schmitt, M., Lesche, R. (2008). Multicenter Study Using Paraffin-Embedded Tumor Tissue Testing PITX2 DNA Methylation As a Marker for Outcome Prediction in Tamoxifen-Treated, Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. JCO 26: 5036-5042 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Somlo, G., Chu, P., Frankel, P., Ye, W., Groshen, S., Doroshow, J. H., Danenberg, K., Danenberg, P. (2008). Molecular profiling including epidermal growth factor receptor and p21 expression in high-risk breast cancer patients as indicators of outcome. Ann Oncol 19: 1853-1859 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Allred, D. C. (2008). Commentary: Hormone Receptor Testing in Breast Cancer: A Distress Signal from Canada. The Oncologist 13: 1134-1136 [Full Text]
Ransohoff, D. F. (2008). The Process to Discover and Develop Biomarkers for Cancer: A Work in Progress. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 100: 1419-1420 [Full Text]
Ross, D. T., Kim, C.-y., Tang, G., Bohn, O. L., Beck, R. A., Ring, B. Z., Seitz, R. S., Paik, S., Costantino, J. P., Wolmark, N. (2008). Chemosensitivity and Stratification by a Five Monoclonal Antibody Immunohistochemistry Test in the NSABP B14 and B20 Trials. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 6602-6609 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Webster, L. R., Lee, S.-F., Ringland, C., Morey, A. L., Hanby, A. M., Morgan, G., Byth, K., Mote, P. A., Provan, P. J., Ellis, I. O., Green, A. R., Lamoury, G., Ravdin, P., Clarke, C. L., Ward, R. L., Balleine, R. L., Hawkins, N. J. (2008). Poor-Prognosis Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Identified by Histopathologic Subclassification. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 6625-6633 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Pusztai, L., Broglio, K., Andre, F., Symmans, W. F., Hess, K. R., Hortobagyi, G. N. (2008). Effect of Molecular Disease Subsets on Disease-Free Survival in Randomized Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trials for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. JCO 26: 4679-4683 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Conzen, S. D. (2008). Minireview: Nuclear Receptors and Breast Cancer. Mol. Endocrinol. 22: 2215-2228 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ellis, M. J., Tao, Y., Luo, J., A'Hern, R., Evans, D. B., Bhatnagar, A. S., Chaudri Ross, H. A., von Kameke, A., Miller, W. R., Smith, I., Eiermann, W., Dowsett, M. (2008). Outcome Prediction for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Based on Postneoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy Tumor Characteristics. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 100: 1380-1388 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Taylor, J. M.G., Ankerst, D. P., Andridge, R. R. (2008). Validation of Biomarker-Based Risk Prediction Models. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5977-5983 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Simon, R. (2008). The Use of Genomics in Clinical Trial Design. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5984-5993 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yeatman, T. J., Mule, J., Dalton, W. S., Sullivan, D. (2008). On the Eve of Personalized Medicine in Oncology. Cancer Res. 68: 7250-7252 [Full Text]
Srivastava, S., Gray, J. W., Reid, B. J., Grad, O., Greenwood, A., Hawk, E. T., for the Translational Research Working Group, (2008). Translational Research Working Group Developmental Pathway for Biospecimen-Based Assessment Modalities. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5672-5677 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Goetz, M. P., Suman, V. J., Couch, F. J., Ames, M. M., Rae, J. M., Erlander, M. G., Ma, X.-J., Sgroi, D. C., Reynolds, C. A., Lingle, W. L., Weinshilboum, R. M., Flockhart, D. A., Desta, Z., Perez, E. A., Ingle, J. N. (2008). Cytochrome P450 2D6 and Homeobox 13/Interleukin-17B Receptor: Combining Inherited and Tumor Gene Markers for Prediction of Tamoxifen Resistance. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5864-5868 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Rutgers, E. J.T., Pusztai, L., Bernards, R. (2008). Are Short-Term or Long-Term Recurrence Rates More Important in Breast Cancer Screening?. ANN INTERN MED 149: 357-357 [Full Text]
Goldstein, L. J., Gray, R., Badve, S., Childs, B. H., Yoshizawa, C., Rowley, S., Shak, S., Baehner, F. L., Ravdin, P. M., Davidson, N. E., Sledge, G. W. Jr, Perez, E. A., Shulman, L. N., Martino, S., Sparano, J. A. (2008). Prognostic Utility of the 21-Gene Assay in Hormone Receptor-Positive Operable Breast Cancer Compared With Classical Clinicopathologic Features. JCO 26: 4063-4071 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Paik, S., Tang, G., Fumagalli, D. (2008). An Ideal Prognostic Test for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer?. JCO 26: 4058-4059 [Full Text]
Jeruss, J. S., Mittendorf, E. A., Tucker, S. L., Gonzalez-Angulo, A. M., Buchholz, T. A., Sahin, A. A., Cormier, J. N., Buzdar, A. U., Hortobagyi, G. N., Hunt, K. K. (2008). Staging of Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting. Cancer Res. 68: 6477-6481 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Desmedt, C., Haibe-Kains, B., Wirapati, P., Buyse, M., Larsimont, D., Bontempi, G., Delorenzi, M., Piccart, M., Sotiriou, C. (2008). Biological Processes Associated with Breast Cancer Clinical Outcome Depend on the Molecular Subtypes. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5158-5165 [Abstract] [Full Text]
John, T., Black, M. A., Toro, T. T., Leader, D., Gedye, C. A., Davis, I. D., Guilford, P. J., Cebon, J. S. (2008). Predicting Clinical Outcome through Molecular Profiling in Stage III Melanoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 5173-5180 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hershman, D. L., Neugut, A. I. (2008). Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: One Size Does Not Fit All!. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 100: 1046-1047 [Full Text]
Fung, E. T, Wilson, A. M, Zhang, F., Harris, N., Edwards, K. A, Olin, J. W, Cooke, J. P (2008). A biomarker panel for peripheral arterial disease. Vasc Med 13: 217-224 [Abstract]
Skrzypski, M., Jassem, E., Taron, M., Sanchez, J. J., Mendez, P., Rzyman, W., Gulida, G., Raz, D., Jablons, D., Provencio, M., Massuti, B., Chaib, I., Perez-Roca, L., Jassem, J., Rosell, R. (2008). Three-Gene Expression Signature Predicts Survival in Early-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 4794-4799 [Abstract] [Full Text]

Comments and questions? Please contact us.