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Original Article
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Volume 354:567-578 February 9, 2006 Number 6
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Radiotherapy plus Cetuximab for Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
James A. Bonner, M.D., Paul M. Harari, M.D., Jordi Giralt, M.D., Nozar Azarnia, Ph.D., Dong M. Shin, M.D., Roger B. Cohen, M.D., Christopher U. Jones, M.D., Ranjan Sur, M.D., Ph.D., David Raben, M.D., Jacek Jassem, M.D., Ph.D., Roger Ove, M.D., Ph.D., Merrill S. Kies, M.D., Jose Baselga, M.D., Hagop Youssoufian, M.D., Nadia Amellal, M.D., Eric K. Rowinsky, M.D., and K. Kian Ang, M.D., Ph.D.

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ABSTRACT

Background We conducted a multinational, randomized study to compare radiotherapy alone with radiotherapy plus cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor, in the treatment of locoregionally advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Methods Patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer were randomly assigned to treatment with high-dose radiotherapy alone (213 patients) or high-dose radiotherapy plus weekly cetuximab (211 patients) at an initial dose of 400 mg per square meter of body-surface area, followed by 250 mg per square meter weekly for the duration of radiotherapy. The primary end point was the duration of control of locoregional disease; secondary end points were overall survival, progression-free survival, the response rate, and safety.

Results The median duration of locoregional control was 24.4 months among patients treated with cetuximab plus radiotherapy and 14.9 months among those given radiotherapy alone (hazard ratio for locoregional progression or death, 0.68; P=0.005). With a median follow-up of 54.0 months, the median duration of overall survival was 49.0 months among patients treated with combined therapy and 29.3 months among those treated with radiotherapy alone (hazard ratio for death, 0.74; P=0.03). Radiotherapy plus cetuximab significantly prolonged progression-free survival (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.70; P=0.006). With the exception of acneiform rash and infusion reactions, the incidence of grade 3 or greater toxic effects, including mucositis, did not differ significantly between the two groups.

Conclusions Treatment of locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer with concomitant high-dose radiotherapy plus cetuximab improves locoregional control and reduces mortality without increasing the common toxic effects associated with radiotherapy to the head and neck. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00004227 [ClinicalTrials.gov] .)


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From the Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham (J.A.B., R.O.); the Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison (P.M.H.); the Services of Radiation Oncology (J.G.) and Oncology (J.B.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona; ImClone Systems, New York (N.A., H.Y., E.K.R.); the Divisions of Cancer Medicine (D.M.S., M.S.K.) and Radiation Oncology (K.K.A.), University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; the Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (R.B.C.); Radiological Associates of Sacramento, Sacramento, Calif. (C.U.J.); the Department of Radiation Oncology; University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (R.S.); the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora (D.R.); the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland (J.J.); and Merck, Darmstadt, Germany (N.A.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Rowinsky at ImClone Systems, 33 ImClone Dr., Branchburg, NJ 08876, or at eric.rowinsky{at}imclone.com.

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Related Letters:

Cetuximab plus Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Ho A. C., Armstrong J. G., Hartig F., Pechlaner C., Cengiz M., Yildiz F., Genc M., Bonner J. A., Spencer S. A., Rowinsky E. K.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2006; 354:2187, May 18, 2006. Correspondence

More on Cetuximab in Head and Neck Cancer
Mell L. K., Weichselbaum R. R., Bonner J. A., Azarnia N., Rowinsky E. K.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2007; 357:2201-2203, Nov 22, 2007. Correspondence

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