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Original Article
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Volume 354:697-708 February 16, 2006 Number 7
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Evidence of a Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor {alpha} in Refractory Asthma
Mike A. Berry, M.R.C.P., Beverley Hargadon, R.G.N., Maria Shelley, R.G.N., B.A., Debbie Parker, B.Sc., Dominick E. Shaw, M.R.C.P., Ruth H. Green, M.D., M.R.C.P., Peter Bradding, D.M., F.R.C.P., Christopher E. Brightling, Ph.D., M.R.C.P., Andrew J. Wardlaw, Ph.D., F.R.C.P., and Ian D. Pavord, D.M., F.R.C.P.

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ABSTRACT

Background The development of tumor necrosis factor {alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) antagonists has made it feasible to investigate the role of this cytokine in refractory asthma.

Methods We measured markers of TNF-{alpha} activity on peripheral-blood monocytes in 10 patients with refractory asthma, 10 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma, and 10 control subjects. We also investigated the effects of treatment with the soluble TNF-{alpha} receptor etanercept (25 mg twice weekly) in the patients with refractory asthma in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot study.

Results As compared with patients with mild-to-moderate asthma and controls, patients with refractory asthma had increased expression of membrane-bound TNF-{alpha}, TNF-{alpha} receptor 1, and TNF-{alpha}–converting enzyme by peripheral-blood monocytes. In the clinical trial, as compared with placebo, 10 weeks of treatment with etanercept was associated with a significant increase in the concentration of methacholine required to provoke a 20 percent decrease in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (mean difference in doubling concentration changes between etanercept and placebo, 3.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.07 to 7.0; P=0.05), an improvement in the asthma-related quality-of-life score (by 0.85 point; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.16 to 1.54 on a 7-point scale; P=0.02), and a 0.32-liter increase in post-bronchodilator FEV1 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.55; P=0.01).

Conclusions Patients with refractory asthma have evidence of up-regulation of the TNF-{alpha} axis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00276029 [ClinicalTrials.gov] .)


Source Information

From the Institute for Lung Health, University Hospital of Leicester National Health Service Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.

Address reprint requests to Prof. Pavord at the Institute for Lung Health, University Hospital of Leicester National Health Service Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Rd., Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom, or at ian.pavord{at}uhl-tr.nhs.uk.

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Related Letters:

Tumor Necrosis Factor {alpha} in Refractory Asthma
Oliveri C., Polosa R., Berry M. A., Pavord I. D.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2006; 354:2074-2075, May 11, 2006. Correspondence

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