Genomewide Association Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease
Nilesh J. Samani, F.Med.Sci., Jeanette Erdmann, Ph.D., Alistair S. Hall, F.R.C.P., Christian Hengstenberg, M.D., Massimo Mangino, Ph.D., Bjoern Mayer, M.D., Richard J. Dixon, Ph.D., Thomas Meitinger, M.D., Peter Braund, M.Sc., H.-Erich Wichmann, M.D., Jennifer H. Barrett, Ph.D., Inke R. König, Ph.D., Suzanne E. Stevens, M.Sc., Silke Szymczak, M.Sc., David-Alexandre Tregouet, Ph.D., Mark M. Iles, Ph.D., Friedrich Pahlke, M.Sc., Helen Pollard, M.Sc., Wolfgang Lieb, M.D., Francois Cambien, M.D., Marcus Fischer, M.D., Willem Ouwehand, F.R.C.Path., Stefan Blankenberg, M.D., Anthony J. Balmforth, Ph.D., Andrea Baessler, M.D., Stephen G. Ball, F.R.C.P., Tim M. Strom, M.D., Ingrid Brænne, M.Sc., Christian Gieger, Ph.D., Panos Deloukas, Ph.D., Martin D. Tobin, M.F.P.H.M., Andreas Ziegler, Ph.D., John R. Thompson, Ph.D., Heribert Schunkert, M.D., for the WTCCC and the Cardiogenics Consortium
Background Modern genotyping platforms permit a systematic searchfor inherited components of complex diseases. We performed ajoint analysis of two genomewide association studies of coronaryartery disease.
Methods We first identified chromosomal loci that were stronglyassociated with coronary artery disease in the Wellcome TrustCase Control Consortium (WTCCC) study (which involved 1926 casesubjects with coronary artery disease and 2938 controls) andlooked for replication in the German MI [Myocardial Infarction]Family Study (which involved 875 case subjects with myocardialinfarction and 1644 controls). Data on other single-nucleotidepolymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated withcoronary artery disease in either study (P<0.001) were thencombined to identify additional loci with a high probabilityof true association. Genotyping in both studies was performedwith the use of the GeneChip Human Mapping 500K Array Set (Affymetrix).
Results Of thousands of chromosomal loci studied, the same locushad the strongest association with coronary artery disease inboth the WTCCC and the German studies: chromosome 9p21.3 (SNP,rs1333049) (P=1.80x10–14 and P=3.40x10–6, respectively).Overall, the WTCCC study revealed nine loci that were stronglyassociated with coronary artery disease (P<1.2x10–5and less than a 50% chance of being falsely positive). In additionto chromosome 9p21.3, two of these loci were successfully replicated(adjusted P<0.05) in the German study: chromosome 6q25.1(rs6922269) and chromosome 2q36.3 (rs2943634). The combinedanalysis of the two studies identified four additional locisignificantly associated with coronary artery disease (P<1.3x10–6)and a high probability (>80%) of a true association: chromosomes1p13.3 (rs599839), 1q41 (rs17465637), 10q11.21 (rs501120), and15q22.33 (rs17228212).
Conclusions We identified several genetic loci that, individuallyand in aggregate, substantially affect the risk of developmentof coronary artery disease.
Source Information
From the University of Leicester, Leicester (N.J.S., M.M., R.J.D., P.B., S.E.S., H.P., M.D.T., J.R.T.); University of Leeds, Leeds (A.S.H., J.H.B., M.M.I., A.J.B., S.G.B.); University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge (W.O.); and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton (P.D.) — all in the United Kingdom; Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck (J.E., B.M., I.R.K., S.S., F.P., W.L., I.B., A.Z., H.S.); Universität Regensburg, Regensburg (C.H., M.F., A.B.); GSF–Nationales Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg (T.M., H.-E.W., T.M.S., C.G.); Technische Universität München, Munich (T.M.); Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich (H.-E.W., C.G.); and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz (S.B.) — all in Germany; and INSERM, UMR S525, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (D.-A.T., F.C.). This article (10.1056/NEJMoa072366) was published at www.nejm.org on July 18, 2007.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Samani at the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom, or at njs{at}le.ac.uk or to Dr. Schunkert at Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany, or at heribert.schunkert{at}innere2.uni-luebeck.de.
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(2008). Association of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Genotypes With CETP Mass and Activity, Lipid Levels, and Coronary Risk. JAMA
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Tobin, M. D., Tomaszewski, M., Braund, P. S., Hajat, C., Raleigh, S. M., Palmer, T. M., Caulfield, M., Burton, P. R., Samani, N. J.
(2008). Common Variants in Genes Underlying Monogenic Hypertension and Hypotension and Blood Pressure in the General Population. Hypertension
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Braunwald, E.
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Sutton, B. S., Crosslin, D. R., Shah, S. H., Nelson, S. C., Bassil, A., Hale, A. B., Haynes, C., Goldschmidt-Clermont, P. J., Vance, J. M., Seo, D., Kraus, W. E., Gregory, S. G., Hauser, E. R.
(2008). Comprehensive genetic analysis of the platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PLA2G7) gene and cardiovascular disease in case-control and family datasets. Hum Mol Genet
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Malarstig, A., Sigurdsson, S., Eriksson, P., Paulsson-Berne, G., Hedin, U., Wallentin, L., Siegbahn, A., Hamsten, A., Syvanen, A.-C.
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Liu, X.-Q., Paterson, A. D., He, N., St. George-Hyslop, P., Rauta, V., Gronhagen-Riska, C., Laakso, M., Thibaudin, L., Berthoux, F., Cattran, D., Pei, Y.
(2008). IL5RA and TNFRSF6B Gene Variants Are Associated With Sporadic IgA Nephropathy. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
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Matarin, M., Brown, W. M., Singleton, A., Hardy, J. A., Meschia, J. F., for the ISGS investigators,
(2008). Whole Genome Analyses Suggest Ischemic Stroke and Heart Disease Share an Association With Polymorphisms on Chromosome 9p21. Stroke
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Trichopoulou, A., Yiannakouris, N., Bamia, C., Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D., Ordovas, J. M.
(2008). Genetic Predisposition, Nongenetic Risk Factors, and Coronary Infarct. Arch Intern Med
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Koch, W., Hoppmann, P., Biele, J., Mueller, J. C., Schomig, A., Kastrati, A.
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Yamada, Y, Kato, K, Oguri, M, Fujimaki, T, Yokoi, K, Matsuo, H, Watanabe, S, Metoki, N, Yoshida, H, Satoh, K, Ichihara, S, Aoyagi, Y, Yasunaga, A, Park, H, Tanaka, M, Nozawa, Y
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Kathiresan, S., Melander, O., Anevski, D., Guiducci, C., Burtt, N. P., Roos, C., Hirschhorn, J. N., Berglund, G., Hedblad, B., Groop, L., Altshuler, D. M., Newton-Cheh, C., Orho-Melander, M.
(2008). Polymorphisms Associated with Cholesterol and Risk of Cardiovascular Events. NEJM
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Bhattacharyya, T., Nicholls, S. J., Topol, E. J., Zhang, R., Yang, X., Schmitt, D., Fu, X., Shao, M., Brennan, D. M., Ellis, S. G., Brennan, M.-L., Allayee, H., Lusis, A. J., Hazen, S. L.
(2008). Relationship of Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Gene Polymorphisms and Functional Activity With Systemic Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk. JAMA
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Pearson, T. A., Manolio, T. A.
(2008). How to Interpret a Genome-wide Association Study. JAMA
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Sanz, J., Moreno, P. R., Fuster, V.
(2008). The year in atherothrombosis.. J Am Coll Cardiol
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