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A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 2009;361(20):2004.
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Background The appropriate interval for endoscopic rescreening after a negative colonoscopic examination is uncertain.
Methods We identified persons with no adenomas on baseline screening colonoscopy who returned at 5 years for follow-up colonoscopy. Findings were categorized according to the most advanced lesion present: no polyp, a hyperplastic polyp, a tubular adenoma less than 1 cm in diameter, an advanced adenoma (a tubular adenoma
Results Baseline screening colonoscopy had identified 2436 persons with no adenomas; 1256 of them (51.6%) were rescreened a mean (±SD) of 5.34±1.34 years later. The mean age of this group at baseline was 56.7 years; 56.7% of its members were men. No cancers were found on rescreening (95% confidence interval [CI] for the detection rate, 0 to 0.24%). One or more adenomas were found in 201 persons (16.0%). A total of 19 advanced adenomas, of which 10 (52.6%) were distal to the splenic flexure, were found in 16 persons (1.3%). The risk of an advanced adenoma did not differ significantly between persons with no polyps at baseline and those with hyperplastic polyps at baseline (1.1% [12 of 1057] and 2.0% [4 of 199], respectively; P=0.30). Men were more likely than women to have any adenoma (tubular less than 1 cm in diameter or advanced) (relative risk, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.42 to 2.51) and to have an advanced adenoma (relative risk, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.02 to 10.8).
Conclusions Among persons with no colorectal neoplasia on initial screening colonoscopy, the 5-year risk of colorectal cancer is extremely low. The risk of advanced adenoma is also low, although it is higher among men than among women. Our findings support a rescreening interval of 5 years or longer after a normal colonoscopic examination.
1 cm in diameter or a polyp with villous histologic features or high-grade dysplasia), or a cancer.
Source Information
From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (T.F.I., C.L.-C.); the Regenstrief Institute (T.F.I.); the Indianapolis Gastroenterology Research Foundation (E.A.G., J.D.R.); and Eli Lilly (G.N.L.) — all in Indianapolis; and the Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (D.F.R.).
This article (10.1056/NEJMoa0803597) was updated on November 10, 2009, at NEJM.org.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Imperiale at the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University Medical Center, 1050 Wishard Blvd., 6th Fl., Indianapolis, IN 46202-5121.
Related Letters:
Five-Year Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia after Negative Colonoscopy
Schoen R. E., Pinsky P. F., Brenner H., Haug U., Hoffmeister M., Maisonneuve P., Eng. , Botteri E., Lowenfels A. B., Imperiale T. F., Ransohoff D. F.
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N Engl J Med 2008;
359:2611-2612, Dec 11, 2008.
Correspondence
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