The long-held view that homeostatic mechanisms are integratedby the nervous and endocrine systems has recently been expandedby information that these systems interact with the immune system.Immune responses alter neural and endocrine function, and inturn, neural and endocrine activity modifies immunologic function1.Many regulatory peptides and their receptors previously thoughtto be limited to the brain or the immune system are now knownto be expressed by both. Findings that link immune and neuroendocrinefunction provide explanations for the response of the pituitaryand adrenal glands to infection and inflammation and the alterationsin pituitary-thyroid and . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Neuroimmunology
Neuroimmunomodulation
Neuroregulators and Receptors Common to Immunocompetent and Neuroendocrine Cells
Clinical Importance of the Effects of Inflammation on Neuroendocrine Function
Inflammation-Induced Activation of the Pituitary and Adrenal Glands
Thyroid Abnormalities in Nonthyroidal Illness
Inflammation-Induced Hypogonadism
Psychoneuroimmunology
Conclusions
Source Information
From the Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, 750 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Reichlin.
References
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