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Previous Volume 332:1514-1516 June 1, 1995 Number 22 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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To the Editor: The case–control study by Perneger et al. (Dec. 22 issue)¹ on the association of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with analgesic drugs reaches inappropriate conclusions that are based on flawed methods. Fundamental to the validity of case–control studies is the requirement that the control population be similar to the case-patient population except for the case-defining characteristic.² The authors compared predominantly black (54 percent) and male (58 percent) case patients with mainly nonblack (86 percent) and female (65 percent) control subjects. The adjustments made do not deal with the probable differences in the socioeconomic, educational, and residential (urban vs. . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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