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Previous Volume 332:1685-1690 June 22, 1995 Number 25 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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Pain can be effectively diminished by various endogenous mechanisms within the central nervous system. One region where these mechanisms have been well characterized is the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, in which impulses from peripheral nerves are modulated before they are transmitted centrally to evoke perception and response. Recent research has shown that, in addition to these mechanisms in the central nervous system, intrinsic modulation of nociception can occur at the peripheral terminals of afferent nerves. Specifically, these studies indicate that the immune system can interact with peripheral sensory-nerve endings to inhibit pain.

This neuroimmune link was discovered during . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Peripheral Analgesic Effects of Exogenous Opioids

Peripheral Opioid Receptors

Inflammation and Peripheral Opioid Receptors

Peripheral Endogenous Opioid Peptides

Immune Cells

Other Sources

Interaction of Opioids Derived from Immune Cells with Peripheral Opioid Receptors

Clinical Implications

Exogenous Opioids

Endogenous Opioids

Conclusions

Source Information

From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Tower 711, Baltimore, MD 21287-8711, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Stein.

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