Until recently, chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantationwere the only therapeutic options in acute leukemia. The ideaof restoring normal differentiation in primitive leukemic cellsseemed unrealistic until the effect of all-trans-retinoic acidin acute promyelocytic leukemia was shown.
In acute promyelocytic leukemia, which constitutes about 10percent of the cases of acute myeloid leukemia, there is anaccumulation of leukemic blasts carrying a t(15;17) translocationthat fuses the promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) on chromosome15 to the retinoic acid receptor alpha gene (RAR) on chromosome17. This chimeric gene encodes the promyelocytic leukemiaretinoic. . . [Full Text of this Article]
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