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Previous Volume 337:1441-1448 November 13, 1997 Number 20 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency has many causes; the term "pernicious anemia" applies only to the condition associated with chronic atrophic gastritis. A recent population survey revealed that 1.9 percent of persons more than 60 years old have undiagnosed pernicious anemia.¹ Earlier studies suggested that pernicious anemia is restricted to Northern Europeans.² However, subsequent studies have reported the disease in black and Latin-American subjects, with an earlier age of onset in black women.^1,3 Although the disease is silent until the end stage, the underlying gastric lesion can be predicted many years . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Gastric Pathological Findings

Gross Pathological Findings

Histopathological Findings

Natural History

Immunopathogenesis of Gastritis

Gastric Parietal-Cell H+/K+–ATPase

Murine Models of Autoimmune Gastritis

Tolerance of and Autoimmunity to Gastric H+/K+–ATPase

Destruction of Zymogenic Cells

Mechanisms of Vitamin B₁₂ Malabsorption

Predisposing Genetic Factors

Association with Other Autoimmune Diseases

Clinical Presentation

Anemia

Gastrointestinal Manifestations

Neurologic Complications

Gastric Complications

Pernicious Anemia and Immunodeficiency

Childhood Pernicious Anemia

Laboratory Diagnosis

Hematologic Studies

Serologic Studies

Gastric Biopsy, Achlorhydria, and Serum Pepsinogen Concentrations

Treatment

Conclusions

Source Information

From the Department of Pathology and Immunology, Monash University Medical School, Prahran, Victoria 3181, Australia, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Toh.

References

Related Letters:

Pernicious Anemia
Zimhony O., Toh B.-H., van Driel I. R., Gleeson P. A.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1998; 338:995, Apr 2, 1998. Correspondence

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