Prepaid group health care began in the 1940s as an insurgent,even radical form of medicine. At the time, few Americans hadhealth insurance. The early programs would later be called groupor staff models closed systems with salaried doctorsand an emphasis on prevention. The members sacrificed an oftenhypothetical freedom of choice for security and continuity ofcare. The doctors sacrificed independent, fee-for-service practicefor a stable salary, a collegial setting, and a social ethic.Such plans were fiercely resisted by organized medicine.1,2
The shift in prepaid group health care from an insurgent socialmovement to the . . . [Full Text of this Article]
HMOs: Social or Commercial?
Who is Driving Out Whom?
A Social Ethic
Drifting Away?
The Market Ethic
A Partial Convergence
Are Nonprofit Plans Better?
Source Information
Co-editor, The American Prospect, 6 University Rd., Cambridge, MA 02138.
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