A primary goal in organ transplantation is the prevention oreffective treatment of infection, the most common life-threateningcomplication of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. The challengesinvolved in achieving this goal are several: a broad range ofpotential sources of infection ranging from latent viruses topathogens of both community and hospital origin; immunosuppression-inducedimpairment of the inflammatory response, which attenuates thesigns and symptoms of invasive infection; and the adverse effectsof the antimicrobial drugs used for prophylaxis and therapy,which result both from the duration of therapy required andfrom interactions with the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporineand tacrolimus. Our . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Risk of Infection in Transplant Recipients
Epidemiologic Exposure
The Net State of Immunosuppression
Timetable for Infection after Transplantation
Infection in the First Month after Transplantation
Infection One to Six Months after Transplantation
Infection More Than Six Months after Transplantation
Evaluation of the Donor and Recipient before Transplantation
Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy in Transplant Recipients
Strategies for Antimicrobial Therapy
Prophylaxis
Preemptive Therapy
Drug Toxicity in Transplant Recipients
Infections of Particular Importance in Transplant Recipients
CMV
EBV and Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease
Fever and Pneumonitis
Central Nervous System Infection
Conclusions and Future Directions
Source Information
From the Program in Transplantation Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (J.A.F., R.H.R.); Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.A.F.); and the Center for Experimental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. (R.H.R.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Rubin at the Program in Transplantation Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114.
References
Related Letters:
Infection in Organ-Transplant Recipients
Gómez-Moreno J., Cuervas-Mons V., Ridzon R., Onorato I. M., Palmer S. M., Tapson V. F., Stamm A. M., Fishman J. A., Rubin R. H.
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N Engl J Med 1998;
339:1244-1246, Oct 22, 1998.
Correspondence
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