Breast cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Managementof breast cancer was last reviewed in the Journal in 1992.1The accumulation of new biologic information, the results ofrecent clinical trials, and the availability of new diagnosticand therapeutic tools make it appropriate to review the subjectagain.
Epidemiology
The incidence of breast cancer in the United States has beenincreasing gradually for the past three decades.2,3 It was estimatedthat 181,600 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in theUnited States in 1997 and that 44,190 people would die of breastcancer during the same year. However, . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Biology
Diagnostic Approaches
Therapy
Primary Breast Cancer
Local and Regional Treatment
Axillary Lymph-Node Dissection
Radiotherapy
Systemic Hormone Therapy or Chemotherapy
Preoperative Chemotherapy
Duration of Chemotherapy
Combination Chemotherapy and Hormone Therapy
Dose-Intensive and High-Dose Chemotherapy Regimens
Locally Advanced and Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Diagnosis
Treatment
High-Dose Chemotherapy
Chemoprevention
Novel Therapies
Conclusions
Source Information
From the Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 56, Houston, TX 77030, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Hortobagyi.
Suzuki, Y., Tokuda, Y., Fujiwara, Y., Iwata, H., Sasaki, Y., Saji, S., Aogi, K., Nambu, Y., Suri, A., Saeki, T., Takashima, S.
(2009). Phase II Study of Gemcitabine Monotherapy as a Salvage Treatment for Japanese Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients after Anthracycline and Taxane Treatment. Jpn J Clin Oncol
39: 699-706
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barrios, C. H., Sampaio, C., Vinholes, J., Caponero, R.
(2009). What is the role of chemotherapy in estrogen receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer?. Ann Oncol
20: 1157-1162
[Abstract][Full Text]
POLYZOS, A., GOGAS, H., MARKOPOULOS, C., TSAVARIS, N., PAPADOPOULOS, O., POLYZOS, K., GIANNOPOULOS, A.
(2009). Salvage Chemotherapy with Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine for Breast Cancer Patients Pretreated with Anthracyclines and Taxanes. Anticancer Res
29: 2851-2856
[Abstract][Full Text]
Li, T., Christos, P. J., Sparano, J. A., Hershman, D. L., Hoschander, S., O'Brien, K., Wright, J. J., Vahdat, L. T.
(2009). Phase II trial of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib plus fulvestrant in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer: New York Cancer Consortium Trial P6205. Ann Oncol
20: 642-647
[Abstract][Full Text]
Le Scodan, R., Stevens, D., Brain, E., Floiras, J. L., Cohen-Solal, C., De La Lande, B., Tubiana-Hulin, M., Yacoub, S., Gutierrez, M., Ali, D., Gardner, M., Moisson, P., Villette, S., Lerebours, F., Munck, J. N., Labib, A.
(2009). Breast Cancer With Synchronous Metastases: Survival Impact of Exclusive Locoregional Radiotherapy. JCO
27: 1375-1381
[Abstract][Full Text]
Michaud, L. B.
(2008). Treatment-experienced breast cancer. Am J Health Syst Pharm
65: S4-S9
[Abstract][Full Text]
Eckstein, N., Servan, K., Girard, L., Cai, D., von Jonquieres, G., Jaehde, U., Kassack, M. U., Gazdar, A. F., Minna, J. D., Royer, H.-D.
(2008). Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathway Analysis Identifies Amphiregulin as a Key Factor for Cisplatin Resistance of Human Breast Cancer Cells. J. Biol. Chem.
283: 739-750
[Abstract][Full Text]
Thomas, E. S., Gomez, H. L., Li, R. K., Chung, H.-C., Fein, L. E., Chan, V. F., Jassem, J., Pivot, X. B., Klimovsky, J. V., de Mendoza, F. H., Xu, B., Campone, M., Lerzo, G. L., Peck, R. A., Mukhopadhyay, P., Vahdat, L. T., Roche, H. H.
(2007). Ixabepilone Plus Capecitabine for Metastatic Breast Cancer Progressing After Anthracycline and Taxane Treatment. JCO
25: 5210-5217
[Abstract][Full Text]
Teixeira Soares, C., Frederigue-Junior, U., de Luca, L. A.
(2007). Anatomopathological Analysis of Sentinel and Nonsentinel Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer: Hematoxylin-Eosin Versus Immunohistochemistry. INT J SURG PATHOL
15: 358-368
[Abstract]
Llombart-Cussac, A., Martin, M., Harbeck, N., Anghel, R. M., Eniu, A. E., Verrill, M. W., Neven, P., De Greve, J., Melemed, A. S., Clark, R., Simms, L., Kaiser, C. J., Ma, D.
(2007). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Study of Two Doses of Pemetrexed as First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 3652-3659
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mody, M., Dharker, N., Bloomston, M., Wang, P.-S., Chou, F.-S., Glickman, T. S, McCaffrey, T., Yang, Z., Pumfery, A., Lee, D., Ringel, M. D, Pinzone, J. J
(2007). Rosiglitazone sensitizes MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to anti-tumour effects of tumour necrosis factor-{alpha}, CH11 and CYC202. Endocr Relat Cancer
14: 305-315
[Abstract][Full Text]
Colozza, M., de Azambuja, E., Personeni, N., Lebrun, F., Piccart, M. J., Cardoso, F.
(2007). Achievements in Systemic Therapies in the Pregenomic Era in Metastatic Breast Cancer. The Oncologist
12: 253-270
[Abstract][Full Text]
Saeki, T., Nomizu, T., Toi, M., Ito, Y., Noguchi, S., Kobayashi, T., Asaga, T., Minami, H., Yamamoto, N., Aogi, K., Ikeda, T., Ohashi, Y., Sato, W., Tsuruo, T.
(2007). Dofequidar Fumarate (MS-209) in Combination With Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Fluorouracil for Patients With Advanced or Recurrent Breast Cancer. JCO
25: 411-417
[Abstract][Full Text]
Baptista, M. Z., Prieto, V. G., Chon, S., Hortobagyi, G. N., Esteva, F. J.
(2006). Tamoxifen-Related Vasculitis. JCO
24: 3504-3505
[Full Text]
Rapiti, E., Verkooijen, H. M., Vlastos, G., Fioretta, G., Neyroud-Caspar, I., Sappino, A. P., Chappuis, P. O., Bouchardy, C.
(2006). Complete Excision of Primary Breast Tumor Improves Survival of Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer at Diagnosis. JCO
24: 2743-2749
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tanner, M., Isola, J., Wiklund, T., Erikstein, B., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P., Malmstrom, P., Wilking, N., Nilsson, J., Bergh, J.
(2006). Topoisomerase II{alpha} Gene Amplification Predicts Favorable Treatment Response to Tailored and Dose-Escalated Anthracycline-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy in HER-2/neu-Amplified Breast Cancer: Scandinavian Breast Group Trial 9401. JCO
24: 2428-2436
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gabriel, B., Fischer, D.-C, Orlowska-Volk, M., zur Hausen, A., Schule, R., Muller, J. M., Hasenburg, A.
(2006). Expression of the Transcriptional Coregulator FHL2 in Human Breast Cancer: A Clinicopathologic Study. Reproductive Sciences
13: 69-75
[Abstract]
Unterholzner, S., Willhauck, M. J., Cengic, N., Schutz, M., Goke, B., Morris, J. C., Spitzweg, C.
(2006). Dexamethasone Stimulation of Retinoic Acid-Induced Sodium Iodide Symporter Expression and Cytotoxicity of 131-I in Breast Cancer Cells. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
91: 69-78
[Abstract][Full Text]
Giacinti, L., Claudio, P. P., Lopez, M., Giordano, A.
(2006). Epigenetic information and estrogen receptor alpha expression in breast cancer.. The Oncologist
11: 1-8
[Abstract][Full Text]
Henriksen, T. F., Fryzek, J. P., Holmich, L. R., McLaughlin, J. K., Krag, C., Karlsen, R., Kjoller, K., Olsen, J. H., Friis, S.
(2005). Reconstructive Breast Implantation After Mastectomy for Breast Cancer: Clinical Outcomes in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study. Arch Surg
140: 1152-1159
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sarkar, D., Su, Z.-z., Vozhilla, N., Park, E. S., Gupta, P., Fisher, P. B.
(2005). Dual cancer-specific targeting strategy cures primary and distant breast carcinomas in nude mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
102: 14034-14039
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tabuchi, M., To, H., Sakaguchi, H., Goto, N., Takeuchi, A., Higuchi, S., Ohdo, S.
(2005). Therapeutic Index by Combination of Adriamycin and Docetaxel Depends on Dosing Time in Mice. Cancer Res.
65: 8448-8454
[Abstract][Full Text]
Akhtar, S. S., Nadrah, H. M.
(2005). Assessment of the quality of breast cancer care: a single institutional study from Saudi Arabia. Int J Qual Health Care
17: 301-305
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sharma, D., Blum, J., Yang, X., Beaulieu, N., Macleod, A. R., Davidson, N. E.
(2005). Release of Methyl CpG Binding Proteins and Histone Deacetylase 1 from the Estrogen Receptor {alpha} (ER) Promoter upon Reactivation in ER-Negative Human Breast Cancer Cells. Mol. Endocrinol.
19: 1740-1751
[Abstract][Full Text]
Miller, K. D., Trigo, J. M., Wheeler, C., Barge, A., Rowbottom, J., Sledge, G., Baselga, J.
(2005). A Multicenter Phase II Trial of ZD6474, a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, in Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
11: 3369-3376
[Abstract][Full Text]
Duffy, M. J.
(2005). Predictive Markers in Breast and Other Cancers: A Review. Clin. Chem.
51: 494-503
[Abstract][Full Text]
Liu, R., Varghese, S., Rabkin, S. D.
(2005). Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vector Therapy of Breast Cancer in C3(1)/SV40 T-antigen Transgenic Mice. Cancer Res.
65: 1532-1540
[Abstract][Full Text]
Duffy, C. M., Allen, S. M., Clark, M. A.
(2005). Discussions Regarding Reproductive Health for Young Women With Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy. JCO
23: 766-773
[Abstract][Full Text]
Miller, K. D., Chap, L. I., Holmes, F. A., Cobleigh, M. A., Marcom, P. K., Fehrenbacher, L., Dickler, M., Overmoyer, B. A., Reimann, J. D., Sing, A. P., Langmuir, V., Rugo, H. S.
(2005). Randomized Phase III Trial of Capecitabine Compared With Bevacizumab Plus Capecitabine in Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO
23: 792-799
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kennedy, R. D., Quinn, J. E., Mullan, P. B., Johnston, P. G., Harkin, D. P.
(2004). The Role of BRCA1 in the Cellular Response to Chemotherapy. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
96: 1659-1668
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bernard-Marty, C., Cardoso, F., Piccart, M. J.
(2004). Facts and Controversies in Systemic Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. The Oncologist
9: 617-632
[Abstract][Full Text]
Knostman, K. A. B., Cho, J.-Y., Ryu, K.-Y., Lin, X., McCubrey, J. A., Hla, T., Liu, C. H., Di Carlo, E., Keri, R., Zhang, M., Hwang, D. Y., Kisseberth, W. C., Capen, C. C., Jhiang, S. M.
(2004). Signaling through 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate and Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Induces Sodium/Iodide Symporter Expression in Breast Cancer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
89: 5196-5203
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bishop, M. R., Fowler, D. H., Marchigiani, D., Castro, K., Kasten-Sportes, C., Steinberg, S. M., Gea-Banacloche, J. C., Dean, R., Chow, C. K., Carter, C., Read, E. J., Leitman, S., Gress, R.
(2004). Allogeneic Lymphocytes Induce Tumor Regression of Advanced Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO
22: 3886-3892
[Abstract][Full Text]
Madhusudan, S., Foster, M., Muthuramalingam, S. R., Braybrooke, J. P., Wilner, S., Kaur, K., Han, C., Hoare, S., Balkwill, F., Talbot, D. C., Ganesan, T. S., Harris, A. L.
(2004). A Phase II Study of Etanercept (Enbrel), a Tumor Necrosis Factor {alpha} Inhibitor in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
10: 6528-6534
[Abstract][Full Text]
Leonard, R. C. F., Lind, M., Twelves, C., Coleman, R., van Belle, S., Wilson, C., Ledermann, J., Kennedy, I., Barrett-Lee, P., Perren, T., Verrill, M., Cameron, D., Foster, E., Yellowlees, A., Crown, J.
(2004). Conventional Adjuvant Chemotherapy Versus Single-Cycle, Autograft-Supported, High-Dose, Late-Intensification Chemotherapy in High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Trial. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
96: 1076-1083
[Abstract][Full Text]
Alexopoulos, A., Karamouzis, M. V., Stavrinides, H., Ardavanis, A., Kandilis, K., Stavrakakis, J., Georganta, C., Rigatos, G.
(2004). Phase II study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx(R)) and docetaxel as first-line treatment in metastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol
15: 891-895
[Abstract][Full Text]
Toth-Fejel, S., Cheek, J., Calhoun, K., Muller, P., Pommier, R. F.
(2004). Estrogen and Androgen Receptors as Comediators of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation: Providing a New Therapeutic Tool. Arch Surg
139: 50-54
[Abstract][Full Text]
Baselga, J., Llombart-Cussac, A., Bellet, M., Guillem-Porta, V., Enas, N., Krejcy, K., Carrasco, E., Kayitalire, L., Kuta, M., Lluch, A., Vodvarka, P., Kerbrat, P., Namer, M., Petruzelka, L.
(2003). Randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing two doses of arzoxifene (LY353381) in hormone-sensitive advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol
14: 1383-1390
[Abstract][Full Text]
Martin, M., Spielmann, M., Namer, M., duBois, A., Unger, C., Dodwell, D., Vodvarka, P., Lind, M., Calvert, H., Casado, A., Zelek, L., Lluch, A., Carrasco, E., Kayitalire, L., Zielinski, C.
(2003). Phase II study of pemetrexed in breast cancer patients pretreated with anthracyclines. Ann Oncol
14: 1246-1252
[Abstract][Full Text]
Yang, Z., Bagheri-Yarmand, R., Balasenthil, S., Hortobagyi, G., Sahin, A. A., Barnes, C. J., Kumar, R.
(2003). HER2 Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor {gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) Expression and Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to PPAR{gamma} Ligand Therapy. Clin. Cancer Res.
9: 3198-3203
[Abstract][Full Text]
Trent, J. C., Valero, V., Booser, D. J., Esparza-Guerra, L. T., Ibrahim, N., Rahman, Z., Vernillet, L., Patel, S., David, C. L., Murray, J. L., Cristofanilli, M., Hortobagyi, G. N.
(2003). A Phase I Study of Docetaxel Plus Cyclophosphamide in Solid Tumors followed by a Phase II Study as First-Line Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
9: 2426-2434
[Abstract][Full Text]
Delille, J.-P., Slanetz, P. J., Yeh, E. D., Halpern, E. F., Kopans, D. B., Garrido, L.
(2003). Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Noninvasive Monitoring with Functional MR Imaging— Pilot Study. Radiology
228: 63-69
[Abstract][Full Text]
Verma, S., Ilersich, A. L.
(2003). Population-Based Pharmacoeconomic Model for Adopting Capecitabine/Docetaxel Combination Treatment for Anthracycline-Pretreated Metastatic Breast Cancer. The Oncologist
8: 232-240
[Abstract][Full Text]
Courneya, K. S., Mackey, J. R., Bell, G. J., Jones, L. W., Field, C. J., Fairey, A. S.
(2003). Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise Training in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors: Cardiopulmonary and Quality of Life Outcomes. JCO
21: 1660-1668
[Abstract][Full Text]
Valero, V., Hortobagyi, G. N.
(2003). Are Anthracycline-Taxane Regimens the New Standard of Care in the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer?. JCO
21: 959-962
[Full Text]
Esteva, F. J., Glaspy, J., Baidas, S., Laufman, L., Hutchins, L., Dickler, M., Tripathy, D., Cohen, R., DeMichele, A., Yocum, R. C., Osborne, C. K., Hayes, D. F., Hortobagyi, G. N., Winer, E., Demetri, G. D.
(2003). Multicenter Phase II Study of Oral Bexarotene for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO
21: 999-1006
[Abstract][Full Text]
Riggs, B. L., Hartmann, L. C.
(2003). Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulators -- Mechanisms of Action and Application to Clinical Practice. NEJM
348: 618-629
[Full Text]
Burger, H., Foekens, J. A., Look, M. P., Meijer-van Gelder, M. E., Klijn, J. G. M., Wiemer, E. A. C., Stoter, G., Nooter, K.
(2003). RNA Expression of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein, Lung Resistance-related Protein, Multidrug Resistance-associated Proteins 1 and 2, and Multidrug Resistance Gene 1 in Breast Cancer: Correlation with Chemotherapeutic Response. Clin. Cancer Res.
9: 827-836
[Abstract][Full Text]
Du, X. L., Key, C. R., Osborne, C., Mahnken, J. D., Goodwin, J. S.
(2003). Discrepancy between Consensus Recommendations and Actual Community Use of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer. ANN INTERN MED
138: 90-97
[Abstract][Full Text]
Du, X. L., Osborne, C., Goodwin, J. S.
(2002). Population-Based Assessment of Hospitalizations for Toxicity From Chemotherapy in Older Women With Breast Cancer. JCO
20: 4636-4642
[Abstract][Full Text]
Giordano, S. H., Booser, D. J., Murray, J. L., Ibrahim, N. K., Rahman, Z. U., Valero, V., Theriault, R. L., Rosales, M. F., Rivera, E., Frye, D., Ewer, M., Ordonez, N. G., Buzdar, A. U., Hortobagyi, G. N.
(2002). A Detailed Evaluation of Cardiac Toxicity: A Phase II Study of Doxorubicin and One- or Three-Hour-Infusion Paclitaxel in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
8: 3360-3368
[Abstract][Full Text]
Modi, S., Panageas, K. S., Duck, E. T., Bach, A., Weinstock, N., Dougherty, J., Cramer, L., Hudis, C., Norton, L., Seidman, A.
(2002). Prospective Exploratory Analysis of the Association Between Tumor Response, Quality of Life, and Expenditures Among Patients Receiving Paclitaxel Monotherapy for Refractory Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO
20: 3665-3673
[Abstract][Full Text]
Osoba, D., Slamon, D. J., Burchmore, M., Murphy, M.
(2002). Effects on Quality of Life of Combined Trastuzumab and Chemotherapy in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO
20: 3106-3113
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rouzier, R., Extra, J.-M., Klijanienko, J., Falcou, M.-C., Asselain, B., Vincent-Salomon, A., Vielh, P., Bourstyn, E.
(2002). Incidence and Prognostic Significance of Complete Axillary Downstaging After Primary Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients With T1 to T3 Tumors and Cytologically Proven Axillary Metastatic Lymph Nodes. JCO
20: 1304-1310
[Abstract][Full Text]
Toppmeyer, D., Seidman, A. D., Pollak, M., Russell, C., Tkaczuk, K., Verma, S., Overmoyer, B., Garg, V., Ette, E., Harding, M. W., Demetri, G. D.
(2002). Safety and Efficacy of the Multidrug Resistance Inhibitor Incel (Biricodar; VX-710) in Combination with Paclitaxel for Advanced Breast Cancer Refractory to Paclitaxel. Clin. Cancer Res.
8: 670-678
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cardoso, F., Di Leo, A., Lohrisch, C., Bernard, C., Ferreira, F., Piccart, M. J.
(2002). Second and subsequent lines of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer: what did we learn in the last two decades?. Ann Oncol
13: 197-207
[Abstract][Full Text]
Keefe, D. L.
(2002). The Cardiotoxic Potential of the 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist Antiemetics: Is There Cause for Concern?. The Oncologist
7: 65-72
[Abstract][Full Text]
Colleoni, M., Rocca, A., Sandri, M. T., Zorzino, L., Masci, G., Nole, F., Peruzzotti, G., Robertson, C., Orlando, L., Cinieri, S., Braud, F. d., Viale, G., Goldhirsch, A.
(2002). Low-dose oral methotrexate and cyclophosphamide in metastatic breast cancer: antitumor activity and correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Ann Oncol
13: 73-80
[Abstract][Full Text]
Canto, M. T., Anderson, W. F., Brawley, O.
(2001). Geographic Variation in Breast Cancer Mortality for White and Black Women: 1986-1995. CA Cancer J Clin
51: 367-370
[Abstract][Full Text]
Yang, X., Phillips, D. L., Ferguson, A. T., Nelson, W. G., Herman, J. G., Davidson, N. E.
(2001). Synergistic Activation of Functional Estrogen Receptor (ER)-{alpha} by DNA Methyltransferase and Histone Deacetylase Inhibition in Human ER-{alpha}-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res.
61: 7025-7029
[Abstract][Full Text]
Shigeoka, Y., Itoh, K., Igarashi, T., Ishizawa, K., Saeki, T., Fujii, H., Minami, H., Imoto, S., Sasaki, Y.
(2001). Clinical Effect of Irinotecan in Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Previously Treated with Doxorubicin- and Docetaxel-containing Regimens. Jpn J Clin Oncol
31: 370-374
[Abstract][Full Text]
SHIMOYAMA, M., MURATA, Y., SUMI, K.-I., HAMAZOE, R., KOMURO, I.
(2001). Docetaxel induced cardiotoxicity. Heart
86: 219-219
[Full Text]
Matsuda, K., Maruyama, H., Guo, F., Kleeff, J., Itakura, J., Matsumoto, Y., Lander, A. D., Korc, M.
(2001). Glypican-1 Is Overexpressed in Human Breast Cancer and Modulates the Mitogenic Effects of Multiple Heparin-binding Growth Factors in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res.
61: 5562-5569
[Abstract][Full Text]
Davis, J. W. II, Lauer, F. T., Burdick, A. D., Hudson, L. G., Burchiel, S. W.
(2001). Prevention of Apoptosis by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in the MCF-10A Cell Line: Correlation with Increased Transforming GrowthFactor {{alpha}} Production. Cancer Res.
61: 3314-3320
[Abstract][Full Text]
Esteva, F. J., Valero, V., Pusztai, L., Boehnke-Michaud, L., Buzdar, A. U., Hortobagyi, G. N.
(2001). Chemotherapy of Metastatic Breast Cancer: What to Expect in 2001 and Beyond. The Oncologist
6: 133-146
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jassem, J., Pienkowski, T., Pluzanska, A., Jelic, S., Gorbunova, V., Mrsic-Krmpotic, Z., Berzins, J., Nagykalnai, T., Wigler, N., Renard, J., Munier, S., Weil, C.
(2001). Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel Versus Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide as First-Line Therapy for Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer: Final Results of a Randomized Phase III Multicenter Trial. JCO
19: 1707-1715
[Abstract][Full Text]
Slamon, D. J., Leyland-Jones, B., Shak, S., Fuchs, H., Paton, V., Bajamonde, A., Fleming, T., Eiermann, W., Wolter, J., Pegram, M., Baselga, J., Norton, L.
(2001). Use of Chemotherapy plus a Monoclonal Antibody against HER2 for Metastatic Breast Cancer That Overexpresses HER2. NEJM
344: 783-792
[Abstract][Full Text]
Taamma, A., Misset, J. L., Riofrio, M., Guzman, C., Brain, E., Lopez Lazaro, L., Rosing, H., Jimeno, J. M., Cvitkovic, E.
(2001). Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Ecteinascidin-743, a New Marine Compound, Administered as a 24-hour Continuous Infusion in Patients With Solid Tumors. JCO
19: 1256-1265
[Abstract][Full Text]
Du, X., Goodwin, J. S.
(2001). Patterns of Use of Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer in Older Women: Findings From Medicare Claims Data. JCO
19: 1455-1461
[Abstract][Full Text]
Herndon, C. M., Arayath, J., Hallin, P.
(2001). The role of tamoxifen in hospice: Pros and cons. AM J HOSP PALLIAT CARE
18: 133-134
Tong, A. W., Papayoti, M. H., Netto, G., Armstrong, D. T., Ordonez, G., Lawson, J. M., Stone, M. J.
(2001). Growth-inhibitory Effects of CD40 Ligand (CD154) and Its Endogenous Expression in Human Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.
7: 691-703
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ando, M., Watanabe, T., Nagata, K., Narabayashi, M., Adachi, I., Katsumata, N.
(2001). Efficacy of Docetaxel 60 mg/m2 in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer According to the Status of Anthracycline Resistance. JCO
19: 336-342
[Abstract][Full Text]
Fritz, P., Murdter, T. E., Eichelbaum, M., Siegle, I., Weissert, M., Zanger, U. M.
(2001). Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Expression as a Predictor of Tamoxifen Response in Primary Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Exploratory Study With Long-Term Follow-Up. JCO
19: 3-9
[Abstract][Full Text]
Yang, X., Ferguson, A. T., Nass, S. J., Phillips, D. L., Butash, K. A., Wang, S. M., Herman, J. G., Davidson, N. E.
(2000). Transcriptional Activation of Estrogen Receptor {{alpha}} in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition. Cancer Res.
60: 6890-6894
[Abstract][Full Text]
KASISKE, B. L., VAZQUEZ, M. A., HARMON, W. E., BROWN, R. S., DANOVITCH, G. M., GASTON, R. S., ROTH, D., SCANDLING, J. D. JR., SINGER, G. G.
(2000). Recommendations for the Outpatient Surveillance of Renal Transplant Recipients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
11
: S1-S86
[Abstract][Full Text]
Biswas, D. K., Cruz, A. P., Gansberger, E., Pardee, A. B.
(2000). Epidermal growth factor-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation: A major pathway of cell-cycle progression in estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
97: 8542-8547
[Abstract][Full Text]
Giuliano, A. E., Haigh, P. I., Brennan, M. B., Hansen, N. M., Kelley, M. C., Ye, W., Glass, E. C., Turner, R. R.
(2000). Prospective Observational Study of Sentinel Lymphadenectomy Without Further Axillary Dissection in Patients With Sentinel Node-Negative Breast Cancer. JCO
18: 2553-2559
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lonning, P. E., Bajetta, E., Murray, R., Tubiana-Hulin, M., Eisenberg, P. D., Mickiewicz, E., Celio, L., Pitt, P., Mita, M., Aaronson, N. K., Fowst, C., Arkhipov, A., di Salle, E., Polli, A., Massimini, G.
(2000). Activity of Exemestane in Metastatic Breast Cancer After Failure of Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitors: A Phase II Trial. JCO
18: 2234-2244
[Abstract][Full Text]
Davis, J. W. II, Melendez, K., Salas, V. M., Lauer, F. T., Burchiel, S. W.
(2000). 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) inhibits growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis in the human mammary epithelial cell line, MCF-10A. Carcinogenesis
21: 881-886
[Abstract][Full Text]
Smith, I. C., Welch, A. E., Hutcheon, A. W., Miller, I. D., Payne, S., Chilcott, F., Waikar, S., Whitaker, T., Ah-See, A. K., Eremin, O., Heys, S. D., Gilbert, F. J., Sharp, P. F.
(2000). Positron Emission Tomography Using [18F]-Fluorodeoxy-D-Glucose to Predict the Pathologic Response of Breast Cancer to Primary Chemotherapy. JCO
18: 1676-1688
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dopp, J. M, Kolesar, J. M
(1999). Risk of breast cancer associated with hormone replacement therapy. J Oncol Pharm Pract
5: 109-116
[Abstract]
Canizares, F., Salinas, J., las Heras, M. d., Diaz, J., Tovar, I., Martinez, P., Penafiel, R.
(1999). Prognostic Value of Ornithine Decarboxylase and Polyamines in Human Breast Cancer: Correlation with Clinicopathologic Parameters. Clin. Cancer Res.
5: 2035-2041
[Abstract][Full Text]
Browman, G. P.
(1999). Science, Language, Intuition, and the Many Meanings of Quality of Life. JCO
17: 1651-1651
[Full Text]
Corcoran, T., Del Mastro, L., Venturini, M., Hortobagyi, G. N.
(1999). Treatment of Breast Cancer. NEJM
340: 319-320
[Full Text]
Yamauchi, T., Yamauchi, N., Ueki, K., Sugiyama, T., Waki, H., Miki, H., Tobe, K., Matsuda, S., Tsushima, T., Yamamoto, T., Fujita, T., Taketani, Y., Fukayama, M., Kimura, S., Yazaki, Y., Nagai, R., Kadowaki, T.
(2000). Constitutive Tyrosine Phosphorylation of ErbB-2 via Jak2 by Autocrine Secretion of Prolactin in Human Breast Cancer. J. Biol. Chem.
275: 33937-33944
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chinnaiyan, A. M., Prasad, U., Shankar, S., Hamstra, D. A., Shanaiah, M., Chenevert, T. L., Ross, B. D., Rehemtulla, A.
(2000). Combined effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and ionizing radiation in breast cancer therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
97: 1754-1759
[Abstract][Full Text]