More than 180 years ago, James Parkinson first described thedisorder that bears his name, and 30 years ago levodopa, stillthe most effective therapy, was introduced. Parkinson's diseaseis a neurodegenerative disorder of unknown cause that affectsover 1 million people in North America. Age is the single mostconsistent risk factor, and with the increasing age of the generalpopulation, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease will risesteadily in the future. The impact of the disease is indicatedby the fact that mortality is two to five times as high amongaffected persons as among age-matched controls,1,2,3 resulting. . . [Full Text of this Article]
Diagnosis and Clinical Features
Pathological Findings
Pathogenesis and Mechanisms of Cell Death
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Metabolism
Excitotoxins
Neurotrophic Factors
Immune Factors
Epidemiology and Genetics
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Ardley, H. C., Scott, G. B., Rose, S. A., Tan, N. G. S., Markham, A. F., Robinson, P. A.
(2003). Inhibition of Proteasomal Activity Causes Inclusion Formation in Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Cells Overexpressing Parkin. Mol. Biol. Cell
14: 4541-4556
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Fornai, F., Lenzi, P., Gesi, M., Ferrucci, M., Lazzeri, G., Busceti, C. L., Ruffoli, R., Soldani, P., Ruggieri, S., Alessandri, M. G., Paparelli, A.
(2003). Fine Structure and Biochemical Mechanisms Underlying Nigrostriatal Inclusions and Cell Death after Proteasome Inhibition. J. Neurosci.
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Wilson, M. A., Collins, J. L., Hod, Y., Ringe, D., Petsko, G. A.
(2003). The 1.1-A resolution crystal structure of DJ-1, the protein mutated in autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
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Chen, H., Zhang, S. M., Hernan, M. A., Schwarzschild, M. A., Willett, W. C., Colditz, G. A., Speizer, F. E., Ascherio, A.
(2003). Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and the Risk of Parkinson Disease. Arch Neurol
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Colosimo, C, Hughes, A J, Kilford, L, Lees, A J
(2003). Lewy body cortical involvement may not always predict dementia in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry
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Kahns, S., Kalai, M., Jakobsen, L. D., Clark, B. F. C., Vandenabeele, P., Jensen, P. H.
(2003). Caspase-1 and Caspase-8 Cleave and Inactivate Cellular Parkin. J. Biol. Chem.
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Seppi, K., Schocke, M.F.H., Esterhammer, R., Kremser, C., Brenneis, C., Mueller, J., Boesch, S., Jaschke, W., Poewe, W., Wenning, G.K.
(2003). Diffusion-weighted imaging discriminates progressive supranuclear palsy from PD, but not from the parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy. Neurology
60: 922-927
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Guttman, M., Kish, S. J., Furukawa, Y.
(2003). Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson's disease. CMAJ
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[Abstract][Full Text]
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