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Previous Volume 339:1130-1143 October 15, 1998 Number 16 Next

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Pathophysiology

The establishment of a model of parkinsonism through the administration of MPTP to nonhuman primates has provided important insights into new therapeutic strategies. A typical parkinsonian syndrome develops in the animals that is characterized by dopaminergic-cell loss in the substantia nigra and striking abnormalities in the spontaneous activity and sensorimotor responses of neurons in the basal ganglia.^94,95 A fundamental discovery has been that the dopamine-deficiency state is associated with increased activity of the inhibitory -aminobutyric acid (GABA)–employing (GABAergic) output nuclei in the basal ganglia, the internal segment of the globus pallidus, and the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra (. . . [Full Text of this Article]

Treatment

Protective Therapy

Symptomatic Therapy

            Early Medical Treatment

            Problems in Later Medical Treatment

            Management of Late-Stage Problems

Surgical Therapy and Restorative Therapy

Summary

References

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