Carcinoid tumors were first described over 100 years ago byLubarsch, who found multiple tumors in the distal ileum of twopatients at autopsy.1 The term karzinoide was used by Oberndorferin 1907 to describe similar tumors that appeared to behave ina more indolent fashion than typical adenocarcinomas.2 Carcinoidtumors have subsequently been reported in a wide range of organsbut most commonly involve the lungs, bronchi, and gastrointestinaltract.
Biology
Carcinoid tumors are thought to arise from neuroendocrine cells.They are characterized histologically by positive reactionsto silver stains and to markers of neuroendocrine tissue, includingneuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Classification
Incidence
Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors
Gastric Carcinoid Tumors
Carcinoid Tumors of the Small Intestine
Appendiceal Carcinoid Tumors
Carcinoid Tumors of the Colon
Rectal Carcinoid Tumors
Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors
Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues
Carcinoid Heart Disease
Management of Hepatic Metastases
Medical Management of Metastatic Disease
Source Information
From the Department of Adult Oncology, DanaFarber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Kulke at the DanaFarber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115.
References
Related Letters:
Carcinoid Tumors
Kema I. P., Willemse P. H.B., de Vries E. G.E., Taal B. G., Hoefnagel C., Rutgers M., Barham M., Kulke M. H., Mayer R. J.
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N Engl J Med 1999;
341:453-455, Aug 5, 1999.
Correspondence
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[Full Text]