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Endotoxin (a lipopolysaccharide) is a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and mediates many of the clinical features observed in gram-negative bacterial sepsis. These include fever, shaking chills, and cardiovascular symptoms, and in more severe cases include muscle proteolysis, uncontrolled intravascular coagulation, shock, and death. Endotoxin stimulates mononuclear cells to produce interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor
, and possibly
References
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