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Previous Volume 341:118-120 July 8, 1999 Number 2 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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Botulinum toxin is one of the deadliest poisons known, causing death by muscle paralysis. As a poison, it is most commonly encountered as a source of food poisoning, and there are shivers around the world when it surfaces as a possible biologic weapon. Botulinum toxin is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It is a polypeptide consisting of a light chain and a heavy chain bridged by a single disulfide bond. There are seven serologically distinct but structurally similar types of botulinum toxin: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.

Alan Scott first had the idea that small doses . . . [Full Text of this Article]

References

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• Benecke, R., Jost, W. H., Kanovsky, P., Ruzicka, E., Comes, G., Grafe, S. (2005). A new botulinum toxin type A free of complexing proteins for treatment of cervical dystonia. Neurology 64: 1949-1951 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• TAN, N.-C., CHAN, L.-L., TAN, E.-K. (2002). Hemifacial spasm and involuntary facial movements. QJM 95: 493-500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Naumann, M, Lowe, N J (2001). Botulinum toxin type A in treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis: randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled trial. BMJ 323: 596-596 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Heckmann, M., Ceballos-Baumann, A. O., Plewig, G., The Hyperhidrosis Study Group, (2001). Botulinum Toxin A for Axillary Hyperhidrosis (Excessive Sweating). NEJM 344: 488-493 [Abstract] [Full Text]