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Previous Volume 341:1552-1553 November 11, 1999 Number 20 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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To the Editor: Female circumcision, the surgical modification or removal of the female genitalia, is an ancient custom that continues to be widely practiced, mainly in nonhospital settings. Over 120 million women worldwide have been subjected to female circumcision, and 2 million girls are at risk for the procedure each year.¹ Immediate complications, such as massive hemorrhage and infection, and long-term effects on physical, sexual, and psychological health are frequent and can be life-threatening.^2,3 Cultural reasons for women to subject their young daughters to female circumcision include the false beliefs that it is necessary for chastity, marriage, good hygiene, and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

References

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Herieka, E, Dhar, J (2003). Female genital mutilation in the Sudan: survey of the attitude of Khartoum university students towards this practice. Sex. Transm. Infect. 79: 220-223 [Abstract] [Full Text]