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Thyroid cancer, the most common type of endocrine tumor, has been the subject of intense research and considerable attention in the past decade. At least two reasons may explain why the scientific community has taken a renewed interest in this cancer.
The first reason is the considerable advance in our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of thyroid cancer. Rearrangement of the RET proto-oncogene (RET/PTC, for papillary thyroid carcinoma) has been linked specifically to the papillary histotype, the most frequent thyroid cancer, and probably represents the initiating event. Other events, such as mutation of ras
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