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Forty years ago it made sense to link obstetrics with gynecology because both dealt exclusively with the care of women, pregnant or not. In the 1960s, research began to focus on the hitherto unexplored world of the developing fetus, and the technological explosion of the mid-1970s made it possible for the first time to visualize the fetus throughout gestation and to monitor its development. Direct and indirect tests of fetal well-being were subsequently developed and led to fetal therapy; the first report of intraperitoneal fetal red-cell transfusion for Rh isoimmunization appeared in 1963.
Simultaneously, advances in knowledge about genetics and
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