FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 345:1607-1610 November 29, 2001 Number 22 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

	Full Text PDF Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited PubMed Citation

Since the mid-1990s, Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, has been postulated to be a likely agent of biological warfare or terrorism because of its physical properties and its virulence factors. Several countries have been known to have biologic-weapons programs that were focusing on B. anthracis for potential military use. However, fatal anthrax had not been encountered in the United States as a weapon in an act of war or terror until the index case we report was recognized¹.

Anthrax is a rare bacterial infection acquired by inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous contact with the endospores of B. anthracis. . . [Full Text of this Article]

Case Report

Discussion

Source Information

From Infectious Disease Associates, J.F.K. Medical Center, Atlantis (L.M.B., B.H.A.), and Integrated Regional Laboratories, Ft. Lauderdale, (A.B.) — both in Florida; and the Division of Disease Control, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia (C.C.J.).

Because of current health concern, this article was published at www.nejm.org on November 8, 2001.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Bush at 5503 S. Congress Ave., Suite 102, Atlantis, FL 33462.

References

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Chretien, J.-P., Tomich, N. E., Gaydos, J. C., Kelley, P. W. (2009). Real-Time Public Health Surveillance for Emergency Preparedness. AJPH 99: 1360-1363 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karam, G. H. (2009). Nervous System Infections and Catheter Infections. ACCP Crit Care Med Brd Rev 20: 41-74 [Full Text]  
• Louie, A., Heine, H. S., Kim, K., Brown, D. L., VanScoy, B., Liu, W., Kinzig-Schippers, M., Sorgel, F., Drusano, G. L. (2008). Use of an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model To Derive a Linezolid Regimen That Optimizes Bacterial Kill and Prevents Emergence of Resistance in Bacillus anthracis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 2486-2496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kyriacou, D. N., Yarnold, P. R., Stein, A. C., Schmitt, B. P., Soltysik, R. C., Nelson, R. R., Frerichs, R. R., Noskin, G. A., Belknap, S. M., Bennett, C. L. (2007). Discriminating Inhalational Anthrax From Community-Acquired Pneumonia Using Chest Radiograph Findings and a Clinical Algorithm. Chest 131: 489-496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stearns-Kurosawa, D. J., Lupu, F., Taylor, F. B. Jr., Kinasewitz, G., Kurosawa, S. (2006). Sepsis and Pathophysiology of Anthrax in a Nonhuman Primate Model. Am. J. Pathol. 169: 433-444 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Holty, J.-E. C., Bravata, D. M., Liu, H., Olshen, R. A., McDonald, K. M., Owens, D. K. (2006). Systematic review: a century of inhalational anthrax cases from 1900 to 2005.. ANN INTERN MED 144: 270-280 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Guarner, J., Zaki, S. R. (2006). Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Bioterrorism Agents. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 54: 3-11 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DePalma, R. G., Burris, D. G., Champion, H. R., Hodgson, M. J. (2005). Blast Injuries. NEJM 352: 1335-1342 [Full Text]  
• Temte, J. L., Zinkel, A. R. (2004). The Primary Care Differential Diagnosis of Inhalational Anthrax. Ann Fam Med 2: 438-444 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Biagini, R E, Sammons, D L, Smith, J P, Page, E H, Snawder, J E, Striley, C A F, MacKenzie, B A (2004). Determination of serum IgG antibodies to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen in environmental sampling workers using a fluorescent covalent microsphere immunoassay. Occup. Environ. Med. 61: 703-708 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cinti, S. K., Saravolatz, L., Nafziger, D., Sunstrum, J., Blackburn, G. (2004). Differentiating Inhalational Anthrax From Other Influenzalike Illnesses in the Setting of a National or Regional Anthrax Outbreak. Arch Intern Med 164: 674-676 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Riordan, T G, Smaldone, G C (2004). Respiratory medical societies and the threat of bioterrorism. Thorax 59: 265-267 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wood, B. J., DeFranco, B., Ripple, M., Topiel, M., Chiriboga, C., Mani, V., Barry, K., Fowler, D., Masur, H., Borio, L. (2003). Inhalational Anthrax: Radiologic and Pathologic Findings in Two Cases. Am. J. Roentgenol. 181: 1071-1078 [Full Text]  
• Guarner, J., Jernigan, J. A., Shieh, W.-J., Tatti, K., Flannagan, L. M., Stephens, D. S., Popovic, T., Ashford, D. A., Perkins, B. A., Zaki, S. R. (2003). Pathology and Pathogenesis of Bioterrorism-Related Inhalational Anthrax. Am. J. Pathol. 163: 701-709 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meyer, M. A. (2003). Neurologic Complications of Anthrax: A Review of the Literature. Arch Neurol 60: 483-488 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Spencer, R C (2003). Bacillus anthracis. J. Clin. Pathol. 56: 182-187 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Altboum, Z., Gozes, Y., Barnea, A., Pass, A., White, M., Kobiler, D. (2002). Postexposure Prophylaxis against Anthrax: Evaluation of Various Treatment Regimens in Intranasally Infected Guinea Pigs. Infect. Immun. 70: 6231-6241 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Levine, S. M., Perez-Perez, G., Olivares, A., Yee, H., Hanna, B. A., Blaser, M. J. (2002). PCR-Based Detection of Bacillus anthracis in Formalin-Fixed Tissue from a Patient Receiving Ciprofloxacin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 4360-4362 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lanska, D. J. (2002). Anthrax meningoencephalitis. Neurology 59: 327-334 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gostin, L. O., Sapsin, J. W., Teret, S. P., Burris, S., Mair, J. S., Hodge, J. G. Jr, Vernick, J. S. (2002). The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act: Planning for and Response to Bioterrorism and Naturally Occurring Infectious Diseases. JAMA 288: 622-628 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Espy, M. J., Uhl, J. R., Sloan, L. M., Rosenblatt, J. E., Cockerill, F. R. III, Smith, T. F. (2002). Detection of Vaccinia Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, and Bacillus anthracis DNA by LightCycler Polymerase Chain Reaction After Autoclaving: Implications for Biosafety of Bioterrorism Agents. Mayo Clin Proc. 77: 624-628 [Abstract]  
• Inglesby, T. V., O'Toole, T., Henderson, D. A., Bartlett, J. G., Ascher, M. S., Eitzen, E., Friedlander, A. M., Gerberding, J., Hauer, J., Hughes, J., McDade, J., Osterholm, M. T., Parker, G., Perl, T. M., Russell, P. K., Tonat, K., for the Working Group on Civilian Biodefense, (2002). Anthrax as a Biological Weapon, 2002: Updated Recommendations for Management. JAMA 287: 2236-2252 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhou, B., Wirsching, P., Janda, K. D. (2002). Human antibodies against spores of the genus Bacillus: A model study for detection of and protection against anthrax and the bioterrorist threat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 5241-5246 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Barakat, L. A., Quentzel, H. L., Jernigan, J. A., Kirschke, D. L., Griffith, K., Spear, S. M., Kelley, K., Barden, D., Mayo, D., Stephens, D. S., Popovic, T., Marston, C., Zaki, S. R., Guarner, J., Shieh, W.-J., Carver II, H. W., Meyer, R. F., Swerdlow, D. L., Mast, E. E., Hadler, J. L., for the Anthrax Bioterrorism Investigation Team, (2002). Fatal Inhalational Anthrax in a 94-Year-Old Connecticut Woman. JAMA 287: 863-868 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gerberding, J. L., Hughes, J. M., Koplan, J. P. (2002). Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response: Clinicians and Public Health Agencies as Essential Partners. JAMA 287: 898-900 [Full Text]  
• (2001). The Index Case of Bioterrorism-Associated Anthrax. JWatch Infect. Diseases 2001: 2-2 [Full Text]