Candida species are now the fourth leading cause of nosocomialbloodstream infection in the United States, exceeded in someseries only by Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus,and enterococcus species.1,2 Wey and colleagues estimate theattributable mortality of candidemia at 38 percent.3 Candidemiais a surrogate marker for the presence of deeply invasive candidiasis,particularly in immunocompromised hosts.4 In patients with untreatedor inadequately treated candidemia, the rate of clinically overtcomplications, including endophthalmitis, endocarditis, septicarthritis, and renal candidiasis, may be as high as 15 percent.Candidemia may be complicated by chronic disseminated candidiasisin neutropenic hosts and by meningoencephalitis . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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