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A 62-year-old woman with metastatic breast carcinoma presented with shortness of breath due to a left-sided malignant pleural effusion. A catheter placed in the pleural cavity failed to drain more than 250 ml of fluid over a 24-hour period. Ultrasonographic examination showed that numerous fibrinous septa were preventing drainage (Panel A and Video A). A 500,000-unit dose of streptokinase was instilled intrapleurally, and repeated ultrasonograms in the same position were obtained. Panel B and Video B show the ultrasonographic images 90 minutes after drug administration. After this single administration of streptokinase, an additional 1500 ml drained over the next . . . [Full Text of this Article] |