FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 348:660 February 13, 2003 Number 7 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

	Full Text PDF PDA Full Text Purchase this article Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited E-mail When Letters Appear Related Article by Redfield, M. M. Related Article by Levy, D. PubMed Citation

To the Editor: Levy et al. (Oct. 31 issue)¹ report that the incidence of heart failure has declined among women but not among men, whereas survival after its onset has improved in both sexes. In an accompanying editorial, Redfield states, "If we are to understand why the incidence of heart failure is changing, information about changes in the incidence and outcomes of conditions that cause heart failure should also be assessed."² This is certainly true.

Heart failure is not a disease. It is an abnormal physiological condition caused by many different diseases, such as coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocarditis, valvular heart . . . [Full Text of this Article]

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Najafi, F., Dobson, A. J., Hobbs, M., Jamrozik, K. (2008). Late-onset heart failure after myocardial infarction: Trends in incidence and survival. Eur J Heart Fail 10: 765-771 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pelzer, T., Loza, P.-A. A., Hu, K., Bayer, B., Dienesch, C., Calvillo, L., Couse, J. F., Korach, K. S., Neyses, L., Ertl, G. (2005). Increased Mortality and Aggravation of Heart Failure in Estrogen Receptor-{beta} Knockout Mice After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 111: 1492-1498 [Abstract] [Full Text]