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Previous Volume 350:1872-1880 April 29, 2004 Number 18 Next

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The worldwide dissemination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) over the past four decades is one of the most catastrophic examples of the emergence, transmission, and propagation of a microbial genome.¹ We now know that the cellular and anatomical sites of HIV replication influence the course of the infection, the ability of antiretroviral therapy to reduce viremia, and the establishment of the viral reservoir. This highly mutable virus inserts its genome into the genomes of crucially important cells of the host and, despite therapy, maintains a reservoir of latent HIV within the body.² The virus has a predilection for activated HIV-specific . . . [Full Text of this Article]

The Simian Origins of HIV

Cellular Receptors for HIV

The Cellular Home of HIV

CD4+ T Cells

Dendritic Cells

Macrophages

CD8+ T Cells

Natural Killer T Cells

Natural Killer Cells

The Anatomical Home of HIV

Lymphoid Organs

The Central Nervous System

The Genitourinary Tract

Conclusions and Future Perspectives

Source Information

From the Department of Immunology, Division of Investigative Science, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London (J.S., B.G.); and the Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (D.C.D).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Douek at the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, 40 Convent Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, or at ddouek@nih.gov.

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