The past two years have witnessed extraordinary regulatory fermentin the area of conflicts of interest involving physicians, especiallyconflicts arising in relationships with the pharmaceutical industry.Professional regulatory bodies, the pharmaceutical industry,and the government have all decided that physicians and drugmanufacturers need stronger advice about appropriate relationships.In 2002, three leading professional organizations theAmerican Medical Association,1 the American College of Physicians,2and the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education3 issued or revamped guidelines regarding physicians'interactions with drug companies. In July 2002, acting throughits trade association, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturersof America, . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Emergence of Conflicts of Interest Involving Pharmaceutical Companies
"Anti-Kickback" Law
Conflicts of Interest and the Lupron Case
Responses of the Industry and the Medical Profession
Guidance of the Office of the Inspector General
Conclusions
Source Information
From the Harvard School of Public Health (D.M.S., M.M.M., T.A.B.) and Harvard Medical School (T.A.B.) both in Boston.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Brennan at Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., PBB4, Boston, MA 02115, or at tabrennan@partners.org.
This article has been cited by other articles:
Sierles, F., Brodkey, A., Cleary, L., McCurdy, F. A., Mintz, M., Frank, J., Lynn, D. J., Chao, J., Morgenstern, B., Shore, W., Woodard, J.
(2009). Relationships Between Drug Company Representatives and Medical Students:Medical School Policies and Attitudes of Student Affairs Deans and Third-Year Medical Students. Acad. Psychiatry
33: 478-483
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stell, L. K.
(2009). Drug reps off campus! Promoting professional purity by suppressing commercial speech.. J Law Med Ethics
37: 431-443
Liesegang, T. J.
(2008). Commercialism, Loss of Professionalism, and the Effect on Journals. Arch Ophthalmol
126: 1292-1295
[Full Text]
Sox, H. C., Rennie, D.
(2008). Seeding Trials: Just Say "No". ANN INTERN MED
149: 279-280
[Full Text]
Pisacane, A.
(2008). Rethinking continuing medical education. BMJ
337: a973-a973
[Full Text]
Arbuckle, M. R., Gameroff, M. J., Marcus, S. C., West, J. C., Wilk, J., Olfson, M.
(2008). Brief Reports: Psychiatric Opinion and Antipsychotic Selection in the Management of Schizophrenia. Psychiatr. Serv.
59: 561-565
[Abstract][Full Text]
Steinbrook, R.
(2008). Financial Support of Continuing Medical Education. JAMA
299: 1060-1062
[Full Text]
Epstein, R. A
(2007). Influence of pharmaceutical funding on the conclusions of meta-analyses. BMJ
335: 1167-1167
[Full Text]
Carroll, A. E., Vreeman, R. C., Buddenbaum, J., Inui, T. S.
(2007). To What Extent Do Educational Interventions Impact Medical Trainees' Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Industry-Trainee and Industry-Physician Relationships?. Pediatrics
120: e1528-e1535
[Abstract][Full Text]
Campbell, E. G., Weissman, J. S., Ehringhaus, S., Rao, S. R., Moy, B., Feibelmann, S., Goold, S. D.
(2007). Institutional Academic Industry Relationships. JAMA
298: 1779-1786
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tonelli, M. R.
(2007). Conflict of Interest in Clinical Practice. Chest
132: 664-670
[Abstract][Full Text]
Pinto, S. L, Lipowski, E., Segal, R., Kimberlin, C., Algina, J.
(2007). Physicians' intent to comply with the American Medical Association's guidelines on gifts from the pharmaceutical industry. J. Med. Ethics
33: 313-319
[Abstract][Full Text]
Campbell, E. G., Gruen, R. L., Mountford, J., Miller, L. G., Cleary, P. D., Blumenthal, D.
(2007). A National Survey of Physician-Industry Relationships. NEJM
356: 1742-1750
[Abstract][Full Text]
Steinman, M. A., Chren, M.-M., Landefeld, C. S., Bero, L. A.
(2007). The Promotion of Gabapentin. ANN INTERN MED
146: 313-314
[Full Text]
(2007). Bibliography for Ethics, Professionalism, and End of Life Care. Focus
5: 417-419
[Full Text]
Morgan, M A, Dana, J, Loewenstein, G, Zinberg, S, Schulkin, J
(2006). Interactions of doctors with the pharmaceutical industry.. J. Med. Ethics
32: 559-563
[Abstract][Full Text]
Steinman, M. A., Bero, L. A., Chren, M.-M., Landefeld, C. S.
(2006). Narrative Review: The Promotion of Gabapentin: An Analysis of Internal Industry Documents. ANN INTERN MED
145: 284-293
[Abstract][Full Text]
Olcott, C. IV
(2006). The Pacific Coast Surgical Association in the New Millennium. Arch Surg
141: 729-733
[Full Text]
Psaty, B. M., Rennie, D.
(2006). Clinical Trial Investigators and Their Prescribing Patterns: Another Dimension to the Relationship Between Physician Investigators and the Pharmaceutical Industry. JAMA
295: 2787-2790
[Full Text]
Yawn, B. P.
(2006). Publication of Market-Driven Research in Medical Journals-Reply-I. Mayo Clin Proc.
81: 850-851
[Full Text]
Brennan, T. A., Rothman, D. J., Blank, L., Blumenthal, D., Chimonas, S. C., Cohen, J. J., Goldman, J., Kassirer, J. P., Kimball, H., Naughton, J., Smelser, N.
(2006). Health Industry Practices That Create Conflicts of Interest: A Policy Proposal for Academic Medical Centers. JAMA
295: 429-433
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ducharme, J.
(2005). Clinical Guidelines and Policies: Can they Improve Emergency Department Pain Management?. J Law Med Ethics
33: 783-790
McKoy, J. M., Lyons, E. A., Obadina, E., Carson, K., Pickard, A. S., Schellhammer, P., McLeod, D., Boyd, C. E., McWilliams, N., Sartor, O., Schumock, G. T., McCaffery, K., Bennett, C. L.
(2005). Caveat Medicus: Consequences of Federal Investigations of Marketing Activities of Pharmaceutical Suppliers of Prostate Cancer Drugs. JCO
23: 8894-8905
[Abstract][Full Text]
Camilleri, M., Gamble, G. L., Kopecky, S. L., Wood, M. B., Hockema, M. L.
(2005). Principles and Process in the Development of the Mayo Clinic's Individual and Institutional Conflict of Interest Policy. Mayo Clin Proc.
80: 1340-1346
[Abstract]
Sierles, F. S., Brodkey, A. C., Cleary, L. M., McCurdy, F. A., Mintz, M., Frank, J., Lynn, D. J., Chao, J., Morgenstern, B. Z., Shore, W., Woodard, J. L.
(2005). Medical Students' Exposure to and Attitudes About Drug Company Interactions: A National Survey. JAMA
294: 1034-1042
[Abstract][Full Text]
Norris, J. W.
(2005). Antiplatelet Agents in Secondary Prevention of Stroke: A Perspective. Stroke
36: 2034-2036
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chimonas, S., Rothman, D. J.
(2005). New Federal Guidelines For Physician-Pharmaceutical Industry Relations: The Politics Of Policy Formation. Health Aff (Millwood)
24: 949-960
[Abstract][Full Text]
Spurgeon, D.
(2004). Companies may face tighter regulation over promoting drugs. BMJ
329: 998-998
[Full Text]