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Previous Volume 352:2211-2221 May 26, 2005 Number 21 Next

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Physicians prescribe drugs on the basis of the characteristics of the medications and on the probability that reliable and reproducible clinical effects will result. However, differences in drug response among patients are common, often leading to challenges in optimizing a dosage regimen for an individual patient. Most major drugs are effective in only 25 to 60 percent of patients,¹ and more than 2 million cases of adverse drug reactions occur annually in the United States, including 100,000 deaths.² Such variability in drug response among patients is multifactorial, including environmental, genetic, and disease determinants that affect the disposition (absorption, distribution, metabolism, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Cytochrome P-450

Drug Metabolism by CYP3A

Drug Interactions Involving Inhibition of CYP3A

Drug Interactions Involving Induction of CYP3A

Genetic Polymorphisms in Drug Metabolism

Drug Metabolism by CYP2D6

Drug Metabolism by CYP2C19

Drug Metabolism by CYP2C9

Future Perspectives

Source Information

From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Wilkinson at the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 542 Robinson Research Bldg., Nashville, TN 37232-6600, or at grant.wilkinson@vanderbilt.edu.

Related Letters:

Drug Metabolism and Variability
Bjarnason N. H., Wilkinson G. R.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2005; 353:955-956, Sep 1, 2005. Correspondence

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