This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlightinga common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategiesis then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines,when they exist. The article ends with the authors' clinicalrecommendations.
A 41-year-old man with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and a historyof myocardial infarction four years previously comes to establishcare. He is physically inactive and consumes a diet high insaturated fat. He does not smoke. Medications include a statin,a beta-blocker, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,and aspirin. His blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg, and his body-massindex (the weight in . . . [Full Text of this Article]
The Clinical Problem
Strategies and Evidence
Lifestyle Modifications
Exercise
Smoking Cessation
Weight Control
Alcohol Intake
Dietary Fat Intake
Lifestyle and Modifying Factors
Medication
Niacin
Fibrates
Statins
Combination Therapy
Areas of Uncertainty
Guidelines from Professional Associations
Summary and Recommendations
Source Information
From the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Blumenthal at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 524C, Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Preventive Cardiology Center, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, or at rblument@jhmi.edu
This article has been cited by other articles:
Davidson, M., Meyer, P. M., Haffner, S., Feinstein, S., D'Agostino, R. Sr, Kondos, G. T., Perez, A., Chen, Z., Mazzone, T.
(2008). Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predicts the Pioglitazone-Mediated Reduction of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Circulation
117: 2123-2130
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sarov-Blat, L., Kiss, R. S., Haidar, B., Kavaslar, N., Jaye, M., Bertiaux, M., Steplewski, K., Hurle, M. R., Sprecher, D., McPherson, R., Marcel, Y. L.
(2007). Predominance of a Proinflammatory Phenotype in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages From Subjects With Low Plasma HDL-Cholesterol. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.
27: 1115-1122
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sola, R., Godas, G., Ribalta, J., Vallve, J.-C., Girona, J., Anguera, A., Ostos, M., Recalde, D., Salazar, J., Caslake, M., Martin-Lujan, F., Salas-Salvado, J., Masana, L.
(2007). Effects of soluble fiber (Plantago ovata husk) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in men with ischemic heart disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
85: 1157-1163
[Abstract][Full Text]
Eichinger, S., Pecheniuk, N. M., Hron, G., Deguchi, H., Schemper, M., Kyrle, P. A., Griffin, J. H.
(2007). High-Density Lipoprotein and the Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism. Circulation
115: 1609-1614
[Abstract][Full Text]
Grant, R. W., Meigs, J. B.
(2007). Prevalence and Treatment of Low HDL Cholesterol Among Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: An unmet challenge for cardiovascular risk reduction. Diabetes Care
30: 479-484
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sanossian, N., Saver, J. L., Navab, M., Ovbiagele, B.
(2007). High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: An Emerging Target for Stroke Treatment. Stroke
38: 1104-1109
[Abstract][Full Text]
Greenstone, L.
(2007). Rationale for Intervention to Reduce Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A General Internist's Perspective. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF LIFESTYLE MEDICINE
1: 20-23
[Abstract]
Mazzali, G., Di Francesco, V., Zoico, E., Fantin, F., Zamboni, G., Benati, C., Bambara, V., Negri, M., Bosello, O., Zamboni, M.
(2006). Interrelations between fat distribution, muscle lipid content, adipocytokines, and insulin resistance: effect of moderate weight loss in older women.. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
84: 1193-1199
[Abstract][Full Text]
Paramsothy, P., Knopp, R.
(2006). Management of dyslipidaemias.. Heart
92: 1529-1534
[Full Text]
Kontush, A., Chapman, M. J.
(2006). Functionally Defective High-Density Lipoprotein: A New Therapeutic Target at the Crossroads of Dyslipidemia, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis. Pharmacol. Rev.
58: 342-374
[Abstract][Full Text]
Itskowitz, M. S., Pollock, J. L., Katan, M. B., Xie, Y., Davidson, N. O., Ashen, D., Blumenthal, R. S.
(2006). Low HDL cholesterol levels.. NEJM
354: 417-419
[Full Text]