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Correspondence
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Volume 354:1753-1755 April 20, 2006 Number 16
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Patent Foramen Ovale and Unexplained Stroke

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by Kizer, J. R.
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To the Editor: Although Kizer and Devereux (Dec. 1 issue)1 have elaborated on the association between patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke, the importance of cryptogenic stroke occurring during surgery was not mentioned. Paradoxical thrombi, and fat, amniotic, and air emboli have all been reported with neurologic sequelae in numerous surgical procedures.2 Venous air embolism and paradoxical air embolism are known complications of surgery when the patient is in the prone position during spinal procedures, resulting in substantial mortality, especially in pediatric patients.3,4,5 Rodriguez and coworkers6 have reported paradoxical cerebral emboli diagnosed with the use of transcranial Doppler analysis in . . . [Full Text of this Article]



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