Although melanoma accounts for only 4 percent of all dermatologiccancers, it is responsible for 80 percent of deaths from skincancer; only 14 percent of patients with metastatic melanomasurvive for five years.1 The intractability of advanced melanomashows how much we have to learn about the changes that facilitatethe vertical growth and deep invasion of melanoma and aboutthe mechanisms that block the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
The Clark model of the progression of melanoma emphasizes thestepwise transformation of melanocytes to melanoma (Figure 1).The model depicts the proliferation of melanocytes in the processof . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Environmental and Genetic Interactions
Risk Factors
Photosensitivity, Tanning, and Melanoma
A Molecular Model of Melanoma Progression
Hyperplasia and Nevus Formation
Cytologic Atypia and Tumor-Suppressor Genes
CDKN2A
PTEN, AKT, and Cell Death
MITF and Melanocyte Differentiation
MITF in Development
MITF in Differentiation
MITF in Melanoma
Cell Adhesion and Invasion
Cadherins
Integrins
Patterns of Genetic Alteration
Modeling Melanoma Progression
Source Information
From the Dermatopathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School both in Boston.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Mihm at the Department of Dermatopathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Warren 827, Boston, MA 02114.
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Molecular Mechanisms in Melanoma
Diaz-Cano S. J., Ugurel S., Houben R., Becker J. C., Vale S., Miller A., Mihm M. C. Jr.
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N Engl J Med 2006;
355:1395-1396, Sep 28, 2006.
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