Sir William Halsted introduced a German-style residency trainingsystem with an emphasis on graded responsibility at Johns HopkinsHospital in 1889.1 This system remains the cornerstone of surgicaltraining in North America more than a century later. However,advances in educational theory, as well as mounting pressuresin the clinical environment, have led to questions about thereliance on this approach to teaching technical skills.
Those pressures include a move toward a shorter workweek forresidents2,3 and an emphasis on operating room efficiency, bothof which diminish teaching time. Yet the patients in our teachinghospitals are generally much sicker . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network (R.K.R.); and the University of Toronto Surgical Skills Centre at Mount Sinai Hospital (H.M.) both in Toronto.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Reznick at the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Suite 311, 100 College St., Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada, or at richard.reznick@utoronto.ca.
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