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On July 12, 1974 one month before he resigned in response to the Watergate scandal President Richard Nixon signed the National Research Act, which Congress had passed in response to another scandal that was also linked to a place name: Tuskegee. This law created the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, which was charged with various investigative and deliberative duties, including a statutory responsibility "to identify the basic ethical principles that should underlie the conduct of biomedical and behavioral research involving human subjects."
Several months and 15 meetings into their deliberations,
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